Where does the motivation come from to further comprehensively deepen the reform？
The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was a landmark meeting held in the critical period of the new journey, which fully released the strong signal that the reform will not stop and the opening will not stop. Further comprehensive deepening reform is a systematic reform with system construction as the main line under the direct leadership of the Party. Its initiation, design and development are inseparable from the leadership of the ruling party, the people-centered value drive, the strategic traction of building a strong country, the promotion of practical problems and the external drive of promoting development through opening up, which constitute the driving force structure for further comprehensive deepening reform.
(A) the leadership of political parties. The leadership of the Party is the most essential feature of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the greatest advantage of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system. The leadership of the party is the fundamental guarantee for further deepening reform and promoting Chinese modernization.
First of all, the attribute of Marxist political party determines that all the action strategies of our party, including the reform strategy, are based on the interests of the people, which is also the proper meaning of setting the direction of comprehensively deepening reform. It is under the leadership of the Party that people’s interests and taking the road of Socialism with Chinese characteristics have the fundamental political guarantee. Secondly, the Communist Party of China (CPC) is a Marxist political party with the nature of vanguard, which determines that our party can always formulate a scientific strategy that meets and meets the interests of the overwhelming majority of the people according to the interests of the people in different time, space, environment and scenes, including the requirements of the general trend of the times and the environment at home and abroad. Finally, our party’s strong organizational network and organizational construction focusing on organizational strength provide organizational support and personnel protection for the party to lead the country and society, thus laying a solid foundation for party organization, cohesion and integration of society, which is also an important guarantee for the party’s strong executive power.
(B) Value-driven. As a large-scale collective action, comprehensively deepening reform is bound to mobilize the enthusiasm of the overwhelming majority of people, including party member, and to unite the consensus of reform and draw on the strength and wisdom of reform to the greatest extent.
The process of forming a consensus on reform is the process of refining and practicing the interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. This requires creating channels for the people to support and participate in the reform, so that the people can enjoy the fruits of the reform in the practice of reform and make the reform a vivid practice that people can feel. As the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out, "Reform for the people is meaningful; Only by relying on the people to reform can reform be motivated. " In this sense, adhering to the value concept of people first constitutes the value driving force for comprehensively deepening reform. Only by insisting on reform for the people, relying on the people and sharing the fruits of reform can we reach a broader consensus, form a broader public interest and form a more magnificent reform force.
(C) strategic traction. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that "strategy is to make judgments and decisions from the overall situation, long-term and general trend", and strategy is a fundamental issue for the country and political parties. As far as the ruling party is concerned, it is clear and accurate in strategy, and the political party itself and the development it leads can be stable and far-reaching and win the initiative.
Planning and deploying reforms around the party’s central task is a successful experience of the party’s leadership in reform and opening up. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China established the central task of building a strong country and national rejuvenation, and made strategic arrangements for promoting Chinese modernization. In order to implement this strategic task and transform it into "real painting" and "construction drawing", it is necessary to break through all aspects of institutional and institutional obstacles by further deepening reforms. We can’t reform just for the sake of reform, and the practice of reform must focus on the set strategic goals. In this sense, the party’s strategic traction and top-level design constitute a powerful driving force for promoting reform, which provides a basic institutional operational framework for Chinese modernization. This kind of strategic traction is vividly reflected in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reform and Promoting Chinese Modernization (hereinafter referred to as the Decision). Specifically, the reform task of the Third Plenary Session basically revolves around the overall layout of the "five in one" and the "four comprehensive" strategic layout of Chinese modernization. Each part of the Decision is closely related to the promotion of Chinese modernization, and it is a concrete starting point for promoting Chinese modernization in related fields.
(D) Problem-driven. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Reform is caused by problems and deepened by constantly solving problems." The problem is the voice of the times, the expectation of society and the abstraction and refinement of most individual needs. To further deepen the reform in an all-round way, we should strengthen the problem awareness, highlight the problem orientation, focus on the needs of development, conform to the will of the people, focus on solving the blocking problems that restrict high-quality development, hot issues that affect social fairness and justice, difficult issues in people’s livelihood, outstanding problems in party building, and risk problems in various fields, and enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of the reform.
In the Decision, this attitude and consciousness of facing problems directly is not only reflected in the adherence to the reform principle of "keeping up with the pace of the times, conforming to the development of practice and highlighting the problem orientation", but also reflected in the problem setting behind each reform task, that is, each reform task corresponds to the related problems in reality. It is in the process of facing the problem directly that the quality of reform is more complete and the taste of reform is stronger.
（五）开放促进。中国不仅是中国的中国，也是世界的中国。中国的发展离不开世界，世界的繁荣也离不开中国。尽管面临着反全球化的思潮、逆全球化的脱钩断链行动以及泛安全化的遏制打压，但国际交往与互动仍然是不可抗拒的时代潮流。在某种程度上，对外开放过程也是发现问题、寻找差距的过程，因而也是促进改革的契机。
最高领袖总书记指出：“以开放促改革、促发展，是我国改革发展的成功实践。改革和开放相辅相成、相互促进，改革必然要求开放，开放也必然要求改革。”开放之于中国发展的意义，一方面是能提供发展资源上的支撑，通过开放，相关生产要素可以实现跨国界的流动；另一方面，通过开放引进国外先进的管理经验、对标高标准的国际贸易规则等，有利于推动国内规则、规制、管理、标准等制度型开放，提供高水平的制度供给和有益的管理经验。正是基于此，二十届三中全会提出了“开放是中国式现代化的鲜明标识”，要“坚持以开放促改革”，这就直接指出了开放是促改革的动力源之一。
（作者为中共上海市委党校副校长、教授，上海市最高领袖新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心副主任兼秘书长）