General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that the key to building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation lies in the party. High-quality Party building is the guide and guarantee of high-quality development. Only by doing a good job in Party building with high quality can we give full play to the strong political and organizational advantages of the Party and unite and lead the broad masses of cadres and people in party member to strive to create a new situation in various undertakings of economic and social development. We should conscientiously implement the spirit of the important speeches and instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, deeply understand the decisive significance of "two establishment", regard "two maintenance" as the highest political principle and fundamental political rule, persist in grasping party building around development, do a good job in party building to promote development, and promote high-quality economic and social development in Anhui with high-quality party building.

　　Accurately grasp the new major strategic opportunities, and promote the important speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, the spirit of important instructions and the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee to take root in Anhui with high-quality party building.

　　The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that whether the economy and society can maintain sustained and healthy development fundamentally depends on whether the party plays a leading role in economic and social development well. Report to the 20th CPC National Congress, the Party, has made comprehensive arrangements for promoting the overall layout of the "Five in One" and the "Four Comprehensive" strategic layout in a coordinated manner, which has pointed out the direction for us and established a guide for action. For Anhui, we have once again ushered in a rare opportunity for development. The CPC Central Committee has thoroughly implemented the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, strengthening the country through talents and innovation-driven development, which provides a rare opportunity for Anhui to give full play to its strong advantages in scientific and technological innovation and accelerate the construction of a world-class innovative highland. The deployment and construction of a modern industrial system by the CPC Central Committee provides a rare opportunity for Anhui to give full play to its good advantages in manufacturing industry and accelerate the coordinated development of the three industries with high quality. The CPC Central Committee promotes the strategy of accelerating the rise of the central region, promoting the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, promoting the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta, and promoting the high-quality development of the "Belt and Road", which provides a rare opportunity for Anhui to give full play to the overlapping advantages of national strategies, accelerate its integration into the big cycle, and better link the double cycle. The CPC Central Committee has implemented the strategy of expanding domestic demand in depth, which provides a rare opportunity for Anhui to give full play to its regional transportation advantages and integrate into a strong domestic market. The Party Central Committee promotes the construction of a socialist cultural power, which provides a rare opportunity for Anhui to give full play to its profound advantages in history and humanities and accelerate the transformation of cultural soft power into hard power.The CPC Central Committee plans development from the height of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, which provides a rare opportunity for Anhui to give full play to the advantages of beautiful ecological environment and accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development. We should strengthen the sense of urgency of "slow progress is retreat, and even retreat if we don’t advance", seize the time window, speed up the promotion of Excellence, make efforts to make full use of various policies, and turn rare opportunities into practical results in Anhui’s development.

　　Accurately grasp the primary task of Chinese modernization, promote modernization and beautiful Anhui construction with high-quality party building, and make new progress

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that "Chinese modernization is socialist modernization led by the Communist Party of China (CPC)" and emphasized that "high-quality development is the primary task of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way". This is a major judgment made on the basis of in-depth analysis of the new historical conditions and stages of China’s development and a comprehensive grasp of China’s modernization practice. We should comprehensively benchmark the decision-making arrangements of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, find out the combination point and focus point of promoting high-quality development in accurately grasping the interrelation between Party building and economic and social development, implement the new development concept completely, accurately and comprehensively, and ensure that the construction of a modern and beautiful Anhui is stable and far-reaching under the correct leadership of the Party.

　　Adhere to the implementation of the strategy of rejuvenating Anhui through science and education, and accelerate new breakthroughs in innovative Anhui construction. Education, science and technology and talents are the basic and strategic supports for building a socialist modern country in an all-round way. In the face of increasingly fierce regional competition, we should deeply understand that education is the foundation, science and technology is the key, and talents are the foundation, and we must make overall plans, complement each other and make concerted efforts. In recent years, Anhui’s education has made great progress. The regional innovation capability has been ranked first in the country for 11 consecutive years, and jumped to the seventh place in the country for the first time in 2022. The total amount of human resources has doubled and exceeded 11 million in ten years. We should persist in the education that the people are satisfied with, carry out the "tree planting project" of scientific and technological innovation in depth, speed up the construction of the transformation and application system of scientific and technological achievements, improve the mechanism of "laying eggs along the way" in cutting-edge scientific and technological research and development, make overall plans to promote the construction of talent teams in various fields, and make every effort to build a strong education province, a strong science and technology province and a strong talent province, so as to promote "strengthening agriculture through science and technology, strengthening agriculture through machinery, increasing farmers’ income" in the secondary industry, "improving quality and increasing efficiency" in the tertiary

　　Persist in promoting regional coordinated development and accelerate new breakthroughs in building Anhui together. Building a regional economic layout and land space system with complementary advantages and high-quality development is an important strategic measure to solve the problem of insufficient development imbalance and accelerate the construction of a new development pattern. With the continuous improvement of the integration level of the Yangtze River Delta, in 2021, the funds actually put in place for projects invested by Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang in Anhui with more than 100 million yuan are close to 1 trillion yuan, and the total economic output of Hefei metropolitan area accounts for more than 60% of the province. In the past decade, more than 8 million agricultural migrants have become new citizens. We should deeply understand that coordination is both a development means and a development goal, adjust measures to local conditions, guide by classification, make efforts to narrow the gap between regions, urban and rural areas and income, accelerate the construction of a close and complementary cooperative relationship with Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang in promoting the integration of the Yangtze River Delta, give play to the leading role of Hefei metropolitan area in radiation, and make overall plans for the coordinated development of northern Anhui, Wanjiang City Belt, Dabie Mountain Revolutionary Old Area in western Anhui and southern Anhui to ensure the relative balance in development.

　　Persist in promoting the harmonious coexistence between man and nature and accelerate new breakthroughs in the construction of beautiful Anhui. Respecting nature, conforming to nature and protecting nature are the inherent requirements of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way. Chinese modernization should not only create more material wealth and spiritual wealth to meet the people’s growing needs for a better life, but also provide more high-quality ecological products to meet the people’s growing needs for a beautiful ecological environment. 1-mdash in 2022; In November, the average concentration of PM2.5 in Anhui was 32.6 μ g/m3, the proportion of excellent days was 82.8%, and the proportion of excellent water quality in 194 national examination sections was 84.5%, all of which were better than the annual target. We should continue to do a good job in the rectification of feedback problems such as the central ecological and environmental protection inspector, strictly implement the "ten-year fishing ban" of the Yangtze River, implement the strictest farmland protection and water resources management system, implement the peak carbon dioxide emissions Action step by step in a planned way, and accelerate the construction of beautiful Anhui.

　　Insist on deepening reform and opening up and accelerate new breakthroughs in opening Anhui. Reform and opening up is a key measure to determine the future and destiny of contemporary China. Anhui connects the east with the west, connects the south with the north, and dares to venture and try is the spiritual gene deeply rooted in Anhui’s reform and opening up. In recent years, Anhui has vigorously promoted the spirit of Xiaogang, and the reform experience of "Party building+letters and visits" and grassroots discipline inspection and supervision cooperation zones has been promoted to the whole country, so as to keep the number of provincial administrative power matters at the minimum in the country. We should give full play to the advantages of location and market, actively integrate into the big cycle, actively link the two cycles, promote the cooperation and docking of all regions and fields in the province with Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, do a good job in the construction of pilot free trade zones and linkage innovation zones, take the initiative to undertake spillover effects such as China International Import Expo(CIIE), Canton Fair and service trade fair, enhance the influence of the World Manufacturing Congress, promote the total foreign trade volume to continue to increase on the basis of exceeding 100 billion US dollars, and continuously improve the level of open economy.

　　Adhere to the people-centered development thought and accelerate new breakthroughs in the construction of a happy Anhui. Realizing people’s yearning for a better life is the starting point and the end result of modernization, and improving people’s livelihood and well-being is the fundamental purpose of development. Since 2022, Anhui has fully deployed the work of "improving work style, doing practical things for the people and optimizing the environment for enterprises", and spent 15 billion yuan to implement the action of "warming people’s hearts". In the survey of "Ten thousand private enterprises evaluating the business environment" conducted by the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, Anhui has advanced from the 16th place in 2021 to the eighth place in 2022. We should adhere to the policy of giving priority to employment, pay close attention to the greatest livelihood, carry out the action of "warming people’s hearts" in depth, pay close attention to benefiting people’s livelihood, improve the social assistance system, pay close attention to people’s livelihood, and exchange cadres’ "responsibility index" for the people’s "happiness index"

　　Accurately grasp the general requirements of party building in the new era, and promote the new great project of party building in the new era with high-quality party building.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that it is necessary to persistently promote the comprehensive and strict administration of the Party. We must carry forward the great spirit of party building, comprehensively promote the party’s political construction, ideological construction, organizational construction, work style construction and discipline construction, run through the system construction, deepen the anti-corruption struggle, and strive to build the party stronger and provide a strong guarantee for economic and social development.

　　Keep in mind that "the country is the biggest" and resolutely be loyal to the party. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that we should be mindful of "the country’s greatest power" and think about problems and do things from a global and strategic perspective. It is necessary to take a clear-cut stand on politics, take the important instructions of the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader as the first political requirement, and ensure that the decrees of the CPC Central Committee are smooth and prohibited. We must firmly establish the overall situation, consciously put our own work in the overall situation of the party and the state, and plan our own development in the overall situation of the country and the integration of the Yangtze River Delta. We should enhance our work creativity, carry forward the innovative spirit of being the first, use our brains and refrain from mechanical execution, be down-to-earth and refrain from empty slogans, take the initiative and refrain from passive response, and implement the decision-making and deployment of the CPC Central Committee to the letter.

　　Temper your hard work style and resolutely do your job. Achieving the goals and tasks of the new era and new journey has put forward new and higher requirements for the mental state, ability and quality, and style image of leading cadres at all levels. Since 2022, Anhui has paid attention to the examination of cadres in the front line of major struggles such as epidemic prevention and control, flood control and disaster relief, and vigorously promoted the public visits of 10,000 cadres in provinces, cities and counties, with a total of more than 49,000 visits to the masses and more than 125,000 letters from the masses, which further strengthened the relationship between the party and the masses. We should strengthen our ability to serve the people, with people in our hearts, mud under our feet, and responsibility on our shoulders, and devote all our energy to making the people live a good life. We should strengthen the spirit of struggle, dare to face and be good at solving new problems encountered in practice, deep-seated problems existing in reform, development and stability, people’s urgent difficulties and worries, and outstanding problems faced by party building. It is necessary to strengthen the ability to prevent and resolve risks, always maintain a sense of responsibility that is always uneasy, stand up and actively respond to risk challenges, and fight the initiative to turn crises into opportunities and turn them into dangers.

　　Keep clean and honest, and resolutely be strict with yourself. Cheap, focusing on self-awareness, lasting, and thorough. Since 2022, Anhui has comprehensively strengthened anti-corruption work in key areas such as state-owned enterprises, finance, politics and law, grain purchase and sale, engineering construction, development zones, etc. In November, 16,000 cases were filed in the province, 14,000 people were given disciplinary and administrative sanctions, and 55,000 people were handled by using the "four forms". It is necessary to lead a clean and honest life, always be alert to "hunting" from all sides, and be an official, clean and honest. We should be fair and upright, establish a correct view of power, achievements and career, and resolutely put an end to the behavior of "hiding in the cold and being rude". We must stick to the bottom line, strictly implement the spirit of the eight central regulations and their implementation rules, be strict with ourselves, be strict with our responsibilities, and strictly manage our jurisdiction, and effectively create a good political ecology with a clean atmosphere.

　　(The author is secretary of the Anhui Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China)

　　Xinhua News Agency, Hangzhou, September 11th　Question: What you don’t know about the Asian Games: Who will make the rules of the e-sports competition? Can you enter the Olympics in the future?

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Zhao Jiantong and Ji Jiadong

　　The pace of the Asian Games in Hangzhou is approaching, and the attention of sports fans to various events is gradually heating up. E-sports can be said to be one of the "top streams" of this Asian Games. According to the ticketing scheme, e-sports is not only the most expensive ticket in the final as high as 1000 yuan, but also the only event that requires lottery to buy tickets, so its popularity can be seen.

　　So what are the events in the e-sports competition of Hangzhou Asian Games? Who will make the rules of each event? After the Asian Games, can e-sports join the Olympic family in the future?

　　The e-sports competition of Hangzhou Asian Games was held from September 24th to October 2nd in Hangzhou E-sports Center, China, and produced 7 gold medals. According to official website of Hangzhou Asian Games, there are seven events in this e-sports competition, namely League of Legends, the glory of the king (Asian Games version), Peace Elite (Asian Games version), Knife Tower 2, Dream of Three Kingdoms 2, Street Fighter 5 and FIFA Online 4.

　　In addition to Street Fighter 5, the China team will compete in the other six games. According to industry analysis, the glory of the king, Peace Elite, Dream of Three Kingdoms 2 and other projects will be the potential gold medals for China. Different from the performance events in the 2018 Asian Games in Jakarta, the gold medal of this e-sports event will be included in the medal list.

　　E-sports, as a new type of sports, its competition forms are different with different categories and platforms, and the corresponding schedule system and rules are also various. Fans who are concerned about e-sports will have questions. Compared with individual e-sports events with clubs as the unit, e-sports will become the official event of large-scale intercontinental comprehensive events for the first time. How can teams from different countries and regions in Asia be accommodated?

　　It is reported that the e-sports events of the Hangzhou Asian Games will be decided by the Hangzhou Asian Games Organizing Committee and the Asian Electronic Sports Federation (hereinafter referred to as the "Asian Electronic Sports Federation") through consultation. During the whole preparation process, the copyright owners of the games kept communicating and integrating with the OCA, Asian Sports Federation, Hangzhou Asian Games Organizing Committee and other institutions, and established a set of universal standardized standards applicable to e-sports events in the Asian Games.

　　Among them, the setting that can be used for reference for the future "e-sports included in large-scale comprehensive events" is that the glory of the king and Peace Elite respectively launched the Asian Games version. It is understood that the Asian Games version of the glory of the king has bridged the differences between different versions of heroes at home and abroad, and the peaceful elite has also eliminated the relatively "violent and bloody" escape and shooting. In addition, the two games canceled many commercial settings and some extended gameplay, which also made the game more fair and concise.

　　Judging from the feedback from all parties before the opening of the Asian Games, the formal combination of e-sports and the Asian Games is a win-win marriage for the e-sports industry and traditional sports competitions represented by the Asian Games.

　　Hong Xiao, an expert in e-sports industry and CEO of Perfect World, said: "The entry of e-sports into Asia is a milestone event, which not only means that e-sports will further move towards sports, but also promote the popularization and standardized development of e-sports."

　　In Asia, sports and popularization of e-sports have become a trend. In July this year, the General Assembly of the Olympic Council of Asia was held in Bangkok. It was announced at the meeting that e-sports would become the official event of the 2026 Aichi Nagoya Asian Games. The Asian Sports Federation also announced that it will hold the Asian Cup of Electronic Sports in 2024. In addition, the Pan-American Games held in Chile in October this year will also host the Pan-American E-sports Championship.

　　In the future, can e-sports go further and become an official event of the Olympic Games?

　　International Olympic Committee President Bach said at a press conference in 2020: "Will e-sports be considered for inclusion in the Olympic Games one day? The answer is yes. It depends on when this day comes. "

　　This year, the International Olympic Committee frequently released the signal of "embracing" e-sports. In June, the first Olympic E-sports Week was held in Singapore, which was the first offline event named "Esports" under the International Olympic Committee. In September, the International Olympic Committee announced the establishment of a new e-sports committee, which also triggered many reverie of global sportsmen.

　　In the discourse system of the International Olympic Committee, there is a strict distinction between Virtual Sports and electronic game competition in concept, and in terms of the prospect of entering the Olympic Games, the organization once said that the priority would be virtual sports, such as cycling and taekwondo, which require real physical exercise for participants.

　　Although there have always been strict standards and procedures for the inclusion of new sports, the International Olympic Committee has maintained an open attitude towards the "young wave". From the perspective of skateboarding, break dancing and surfing, it may really be only a matter of time before e-sports enter the Olympics.

In today’s workplace and social life, "three insurances and one gold" is a common vocabulary, but do you really understand its meaning?

First of all, the "three insurances" in "three insurances and one gold" usually refer to pension insurance, medical insurance and unemployment insurance.

Endowment insurance is a kind of social insurance system established to ensure the basic life of workers after they reach the working age limit stipulated by the state to terminate their labor obligations or quit their jobs because of old age. Its purpose is to enable workers to have a stable source of income and maintain a basic standard of living after retirement.

Medical insurance, on the other hand, is a kind of material help given by the state or society to pay medical expenses and reduce the economic burden when workers are sick or injured accidentally. Through medical insurance, people can get timely and effective treatment when they are sick, without worrying too much about medical expenses.

Unemployment insurance is a system that provides material assistance to workers who have temporarily interrupted their sources of livelihood because of unemployment to ensure their basic livelihood, and creates conditions for their re-employment through professional training, job introduction and other means.

And "one gold" refers to the housing provident fund. This is a housing security system, which is jointly paid by units and employees. Housing provident fund can be used for employees to buy, build, rebuild and overhaul their own houses.

Let’s use a table to show more clearly the relevant information of "three insurances and one gold":

It should be noted that the deposit ratio of "three insurances and one gold" may be different due to the nature of the region, unit and policy adjustment. At the same time, "three insurances and one gold" is of great significance to workers. It not only provides basic living security and welfare for workers, but also is an important support for social stability and development. For enterprises, paying "three insurances and one fund" for employees according to law is not only a legal obligation, but also an important means to attract and retain talents.

In a word, understanding the meaning and function of "three insurances and one gold" is very important for every worker and employer, which is helpful to better plan personal career and human resource management of enterprises.

[Disclaimer] This article only represents the author’s own views and has nothing to do with Hexun. Hexun.com is neutral about the statements and opinions in this article, and does not provide any express or implied guarantee for the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the contents. Readers are requested for reference only, and please take full responsibility. Email: news_center@staff.hexun.com.

　　　 The Olympic movement rose in the era of capitalist industrialization in Europe. Relying on a solid social, economic, political and cultural foundation, it conforms to the needs of social development and the trend of sports development. It is a great social practice that human society began after entering industrial civilization, and its emergence has the following background.

　　　　　　 Six times background
　　　　 1. The three major ideological and cultural movements laid the ideological foundation for the rise of the Olympic Movement. During the 14th and 18th centuries, there were three large-scale ideological and cultural movements on the European continent, namely, the Renaissance, the Reformation and the Enlightenment. The three major ideological and cultural movements broke the feudal shackles that bound people’s thoughts in the Middle Ages, cleared the main ideological obstacles on the road of capitalist development, and ushered in a period of ideological emancipation, talented people and scientific prosperity. New ideology, culture and new science and art have emerged to meet the needs of new productivity development and new production relations. At the same time, new sports ideas-modern sports ideas have also emerged.

　　　 A large number of great figures produced in the three major ideological and cultural movements are in direct opposition to the dark Christian asceticism in medieval Europe. They denounce asceticism as a violation of human nature, point out that human desire is a legitimate purpose of life, think that harmony must be established between soul and body, advocate the unity of body and spirit, pay attention to the balanced and coordinated development of body, and attach importance to physical health and bodybuilding, so that people can rediscover the value of sports and realize that only physical health can enjoy the happiness of life. The rise and establishment of this idea has fundamentally changed the traditional moral standards and the concepts of beauty and ugliness, and laid the ideological foundation for the rise of the Olympic Movement.

　　　 In the three major ideological and cultural movements, humanists explored and sorted out the rich heritage of ancient Greek sports, such as the ancient Olympic Games and other sacrificial competitions, ancient Athens sports and Spartan sports, the educational thought of harmonious development of body and mind in ancient Greece, and various sports means and methods in ancient Greek sports. Humanists believe that ancient Greek sports conform to "human nature" and attach importance to personal happiness, so they vigorously publicize it, and inherit the legacy of ancient Greek sports in modern sports thought and practice, so that modern sports are greatly influenced by ancient Greek sports in holding regular sports meetings, paying attention to the all-round development of the body, and the content and form of sports events.

　　　 2. Capitalist industrialized production and bourgeois education provided suitable soil for the rise of the Olympic Movement. The capitalist industrial revolution brought a series of profound changes to human society, which promoted the development of modern natural science, made modern sports have a solid economic foundation, and promoted sports to gain stronger vitality. Because the production and lifestyle in industrialized society have brought a series of severe challenges to people’s physiology and psychology, people are urged to seek a new and ideal lifestyle and have a new understanding of physical activities. People began to turn their attention to improving people’s health, and sports was further developed as a new social need.

　　　 Since the Renaissance, bourgeois educators have strongly advocated sports as an important means to cultivate talents. They not only restored the sports system in ancient Greece, but also further formulated various measures to exercise, actively studied various sports methods, and strived to make students’ bodies develop in an all-round way. Sports has become an important and indispensable educational activity. In 1423, Vitorino, an Italian humanist educator, founded a new school, which was named "Sports Palace" after the ancient Greek gymnasium. The school implemented the policy of paying equal attention to physical education, moral education and intellectual education, and carried out a variety of sports activities, becoming the representative of bourgeois education in the Renaissance. Vitorino’s educational thought and sports practice have made sports get unprecedented attention, and also made sports as a part of education begin to be implemented in schools.

　　　　　 The exploration of education in the Reformation and the Enlightenment further established the status of sports. Martin, the representative figure of bourgeois religious reform? Luther advocated that physical education should be a part of education. Comenius, a Czech educator, systematically discussed school physical education according to the educational requirements of the bourgeoisie, and introduced physical education into school education in a mature form. He advocates that schools should set up spacious sports grounds and carry out extensive sports activities to encourage students to develop physically and mentally by participating in sports activities. Comenius has made important contributions to the development of school physical education and is known as the "father of school physical education". Locke, a famous British educator, clearly divided education into three parts: moral education, intellectual education and physical education in his "gentleman education" system, pointing out that physical education is the foundation of all education, making physical education an indispensable and independent part of school education. Rousseau, a French enlightenment thinker, expounded his ideal of naturalistic education in his masterpiece Emile. He demanded that education and physical education should be closely combined, and advocated that physical education should be carried out according to the laws of nature, and physical activities should be organized according to the different characteristics of children at different ages and their interests and hobbies, so as to cultivate talents with "both physical and mental health".

　　　 After the 19th century, Britain began a series of educational reforms, among which arnold’s reform in Rugby College was the most successful. He founded the system of "autonomy of competitive sports" to give full play to the exercise value and educational function of competitive sports. Through this reform, the students of Rugby College manage themselves in a dynamic sports field, which not only exercises their strong physique, but also cultivates the ideology and morality of fair competition, unity and friendship, obeying rules and being brave and tenacious, which greatly changes the school spirit and discipline. The reform in arnold firmly established the position of sports in education, established the educational and social values of competitive sports, and provided a suitable soil for the rise of the Olympic Movement.

　　　 3. The excavation of ancient Olympic ruins aroused people’s yearning for the Olympic movement. During the Renaissance in the 14th-16th century, the new bourgeoisie in Europe warmly praised the ancient Greek sports spirit, reminding people of the ancient Greek Olympic Games. The ruins of the ancient Olympic Games aroused people’s strong yearning. Scholars from Britain, France, Germany and other countries all hoped to enter Greece to look for the ruins of the ancient Olympic Games, but this wish failed to come true due to the blockade of the Turks.

　　　　 It was not until 1766 that the British scholar Chandler was allowed to visit Greece on the spot. He discovered the ruins of the ancient Olympic Games. In 1828, scholars in the French Corps who supported Greece in resisting Turkish aggression excavated at the site of Olympia, and then transported a batch of precious cultural relics to the Louvre in France for exhibition.

　　　　 On January 10th, 1852, Curtius, a professor at the University of Berlin, made a long speech about the ancient Olympic Games after visiting the Peloponnesian Peninsula, which aroused great repercussions in the society. In 1871, Germany and Greece reached a treaty to comprehensively excavate the ruins of the ancient Olympic Games. From 1875 to 1881, German scholars led by Curtius made a six-year excavation of Olympia. In 1881, the main facilities of the ancient Olympic site finally came to light. In 1887, a large number of cultural relics excavated from Olympia were exhibited in Berlin, which aroused people’s longing for the Olympic movement and people expected the Olympic Games to return to reality as soon as possible.

　　　 4. The internationalization trend of sports has created conditions for the emergence of the Olympic Movement. In the second half of the 19th century, with the transition from liberal capitalism to monopoly capitalism and the formation of the world market, the barriers between nations were broken, and sports also transcended national boundaries, and international sports exchanges and competitions appeared, forming the trend of sports internationalization. Due to the needs of international sports competitions and mutual exchanges, some international individual sports organizations have been born one after another. In 1881, the first international individual sports organization, the International Gymnastics Federation, was established. In 1892, the International Rowing Federation and the Skating Federation were established one after another. The emergence of international sports organizations has made sports competitions break away from the original local traditions and become international. On the basis of the continuous establishment of international individual sports organizations and the vigorous development of international individual sports competitions, people urgently demand to organize the largest comprehensive sports meeting in the world, creating conditions for the emergence of modern Olympic Games. At the same time, with the increase of international sports exchanges, the birth of an international sports organization that coordinates the activities of various sports organizations has become inevitable.

　　　　 Attempts to revive the Olympic Games around the world have accumulated experience for the rise of the Olympic Movement. In the early 19th century, some countries in Europe and America made various attempts to revive the Olympic Games. In the 1930s, Professor Skatu of Lund University in Sweden organized two competitions called "Olympic Games" by local newspapers. Since 1849, once a year, Dr. Brooks of England has organized the "Olympic Festival" for decades.

　　　 After the mid-19th century, the Greeks were eager to revive the ancient Greek civilization by reviving the ancient Olympic Games. With the support of King Otto of Greece, a Greek named Zapas organized the first Pan-Greek Olympic Games in Athens on October 1st, 1859. Since then, four Pan-Greek Olympic Games have been held in 1870, 1875, 1887 and 1889. Due to poor organization and limited participation by Greeks, the Pan-Greek Olympic Games failed to continue to develop, but it had a great impact on European countries. Many countries’ newspapers reported these games in detail, which caused a far greater response than Greek scholars, and it accumulated experience for the rise of the Olympic Movement from both positive and negative aspects.

　　　 The threat of war and people’s desire for peace promoted the rise of the Olympic Movement. At the end of 19th century, monopoly capitalism and imperialism appeared in the world. A new and powerful imperialist country, Germany ruled by William II, stepped onto the historical stage and tried to carve up the world again through war. The cloud of war hung over the whole of Europe.

　　　 At this stage, Germany’s call for the revival of the Olympic Games is very high. Some Germans with ulterior motives want to expand their influence and serve the world by launching the Olympic Games. France is a close neighbor of Germany. If Germany starts a war, the disaster of the war will first fall on the French people. The French people are strongly opposed to war and are eager to maintain world peace. The spirit of peace and friendship in the ancient Olympic Games coincides with the desire of the French people and the people of the world for peace. Reviving the Olympic Games will not only benefit the development of international sports, but also help the French people and the people of the world to fight against Germany’s domination of the world. Reviving the Olympic Games has become an urgent need for people, and this glorious historical mission falls on the French’s shoulders.

　　　 Coubertin made the Olympic Movement a reality.

　　　 Coubertin, a French educator, is recognized as the founder of modern Olympics. He has made outstanding contributions to the birth and development of the Olympic Movement. In 1888, Coubertin became the Secretary-General of the Preparatory Committee for French School Education and Physical Training. In 1889, Coubertin represented France in the international sports training conference held in Boston, USA, and further understood the trends of world sports. He believed that the development of modern sports was going international, and international sports should be promoted with the help of the experience and traditional influence of ancient Greek sports, so the idea of reviving the Olympic Games came into being. In order to realize this idea, Coubertin did a lot of work.

　　　 In 1891, Coubertin founded Sports Review magazine, which was used as a position to enthusiastically publicize his ideas and played a positive role in promoting the founding of the Olympic Games. In 1892, Coubertin visited Europe to publicize the Olympic ideal. On November 25th of the same year, he made a famous speech at the meeting to celebrate the 5th anniversary of the French Federation of Sports Associations, and put forward the initiative of establishing the modern Olympic Games for the first time publicly and formally. In his speech, Coubertin stated that the modern Olympic Games should aim at unity, peace and friendship like the ancient Olympic Games, but it should be more developed and innovative than the ancient Olympic Games. It should be open to all countries, all regions and all ethnic groups and held in turn around the world. Coubertin’s initiative has enabled the modern Olympic Games to break through the boundaries between nations and countries from the very beginning, and it has a distinct international character. In 1893, Coubertin held an international sports coordination meeting in Paris to unite international sports people and discuss the establishment of the Olympic Games. The following year, he also wrote an open letter about his initiative and sent it to sports clubs in many countries, which won the support of many sports clubs.

　　　 With the promotion of various international factors and Coubertin’s unremitting efforts, all kinds of preparations for the founding of the Olympic Games were finally ready. From June 16 to 24, 1894, at the suggestion of Coubertin, representatives of 49 sports organizations from 12 countries, including the United States, Britain, Russia, Switzerland, Spain, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands and Greece, attended the international sports congress held at the Sorbonne Seminary in Paris. During the meeting, 21 countries sent letters to express their support and congratulations to the conference. The meeting adopted a resolution to establish the International Olympic Committee, and selected 15 members from 79 official representatives as the members of the first International Olympic Committee. The Congress also decided that IOC members from the host countries of the Olympic Games should be the IOC presidents. As the first Olympic Games was scheduled to be held in Athens, Greece in 1896, Greek member Vi Kailas was elected as the first president of the International Olympic Committee, and Coubertin was the secretary-general. The General Assembly stipulated that the Olympic Games should be held every four years, and adopted a resolution to follow "amateur sports". The Congress also stipulated that the Olympic Games should include track and field, water sports, swimming, rowing, sailing, fencing, wrestling, boxing, equestrian, shooting, gymnastics and ball games.

　　　 From April 6 to 15, 1896, the first modern Olympic Games was finally held in Athens as scheduled. Although the organization is not perfect, it is an important symbol of the official birth of the Olympic Movement and has the significance of carrying forward the past and opening up the future.

　　　　 The Olympic Movement finally stepped onto the historical stage, opening a new chapter in the history of human civilization.

　

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