The Boao Forum for Asia 2024 Annual Conference has arrived as scheduled, and the annual "Boao Time" has started again.

　　The "Asian Economic Prospects and Integration Process Report" (hereinafter referred to as the "Report") released by the forum shows that with the accelerated iteration of new technologies represented by large models,The industry has shown new characteristics such as breakthroughs in innovative technology groups and integrated development of industrial applications, which not only significantly improve production efficiency, but also have great potential for continuous improvement of human well-being.

　　At this year’s Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference, the guests agreed that the development of China is increasingly penetrating into all aspects of people’s lives, effectively improving the production efficiency of all walks of life, deeply empowering industrial upgrading, and providing new opportunities for win-win economic cooperation in Asia and the world.

　　Technological innovation helps technological breakthroughs

　　The industry is booming

　　This year’s "Government Work Report" proposes to deepenR & D applications such as artificial intelligence, carry out "artificial intelligence +" operations, and build an internationally competitive digital industry cluster.

　　In recent years, technological innovation has driven the vigorous development of the artificial intelligence industry, and key technologies represented by original algorithms and open-source systems have helped the development and iteration of artificial intelligence. Data show that in 2023, the scale of our country’s artificial intelligence core industry reached 578.40 billion yuan, with a growth rate of 13.9%. The number of related enterprises reached 4482. The artificial intelligence industry chain has covered key upstream and downstream links such as chips, algorithms, data, platforms, and applications.

　　"Artificial intelligence is developing at an unprecedented speed and is deeply integrated with various industries. In the future, artificial intelligence can help humans develop more fields and help people researchAnd the new environment. "Kyoung Mu Lee, a professor at the Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering at Seoul National University and editor-in-chief of IEEE Model Analysis and machine intelligence Transactions, said at this year’s Boao Forum for Asia Annual Meeting that artificial intelligence can help humans use limited resources to tap greater potential, and innovations in data, computing power, chips, and energy are accelerating the development of artificial intelligence.

　　In the opinion of the Boao Forum for Asia Advisory Committee and former Finnish Prime Minister Aho, the emergence of artificial intelligence has given people the confidence to solve a series of social problems well, and the application and implementation of innovative technologies will benefit thousands of households.

　　"The development of artificial intelligence has made human exploration of space more powerful and in-depth. With the help of modern technology, human beings can improve the inherent environmental conditions and create a more suitable living space," said Zhang Keke, associate vice president of the Macau University of Science and Technology and dean of the Macau Institute of Space Technology and Applications.

　　Many attendees are acceptingIn the interview, he said that carrying out scientific and technological innovation and consolidating the technical base is the foundation and premise of the development of artificial intelligence, and it is necessary to promote basic original technological breakthroughs such as large-scale model algorithms and frameworks to improve the level of intelligent chip computing power.

　　"Driven by the wave of innovation represented by the big model, it is expected that artificial intelligence technology, industry, application and other links will usher in a critical period of rapid iterative evolution and exploration and breakthrough." Yu Xiaohui, president of the China Academy of Information and Communications, said that in the medium and long term, the big model will be related to manufacturing,The deep integration of many real economies, such as energy and transportation, may become a new paradigm for scientific discovery, continuously improve innovation efficiency, expand application fields, and improve production efficiency. It is expected to become a basic tool for the transformation and upgrading of various industries, and drive a wider range of innovation.

　　"Artificial intelligence +" empowers thousands of industries

　　Helping industries accelerate transformation and upgrading

　　VR experience, smart home, smart manufacturing… With the development and maturity of technology, artificial intelligence is deeply integrated with all walks of life, affecting all aspects of people’s production and life.

　　The report mentioned that artificial intelligence not only continues to empower in manufacturing, service industry, agriculture, medical and other fields, but also shows great potential to break through the bottleneck of traditional scientific research capabilities in the field of scientific research.

　　According to industry experts, "artificial intelligence +" refers to artificial intelligence as a basic and driving technical force, which is related to manufacturing, medical,The in-depth integration of transportation, agriculture, and other fields has created new products, services, and business models, thus promoting the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries and the transformation of social and economic structures.

　　Relying on the large railway model, high-speed rail inspectionThe accurate application of multi-modal fusion diagnosis technology has been realized, which has greatly improved the safety and efficiency of railway maintenance; the mine model has promoted the large-scale "downhole" of artificial intelligence; the weather model solves the weather prediction problem through AI inference, and the weather can be predicted for 7 days using a card…

　　"Launching the’artificial intelligence + ‘campaign will promote artificial intelligence to empower key areas in an orderly manner, accelerate the reshaping of the industrial ecology, and cultivate new drivers of economic development." Yu Xiaohui said that in the future, artificial intelligence will play a more important role in promoting industrial upgrading and accelerating the formation of new productivity.

　　At this year’s Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference, many guests believed that artificial intelligence has become a driving force for economic and social development, and we should give full play to the unique advantages of rich application scenarios in our country’s super-sized market, accelerate the scientific and technological innovation in the field of artificial intelligence, and cultivate new momentum for economic development with high-quality development and high-level application of artificial intelligence.

　　Building a unified standard

　　Guiding technology "Intelligent for good"

　　As artificial intelligence continues to make breakthroughs, while technology is empowering, the "double-edged sword" effect of advanced technology is gradually emerging. For example, artificial intelligence through collection and analysisThis could lead to personal privacy breaches, data breaches, and cyber attacks; it could contribute to illegal activities such as online fraud by generating fake photos or videos; it could also pose ethical issues, military security risks, and so on.

　　In response to the risks caused by artificial intelligence out of control or malicious abuse, the "Report" pointed out that it is necessary to establish systems and rules around the legal and regulatory issues that may be encountered in the development of artificial intelligence, and to study and formulate artificial intelligence-related services, standards, safety and other regulations, so as to lay a legal foundation for the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology.

　　In terms of establishing unified norms and standards and ensuring the safe and healthy development of the field of artificial intelligence, relevant policies and regulations have been continuously improved. On August 15, 2023, the Interim Measures for the Management of Generative Artificial Intelligence Services came into effect. As the first legal document for the generative artificial intelligence industry in our country, this measure regulates the development of generative artificial intelligence from the aspects of technological development and governance, service specifications, supervision and inspection, and legal responsibility.

　　On January 17, 2024, MIIT released the "National Artificial Intelligence Industry Comprehensive Standardization System Construction Guide" (exposure draft), proposing a standard system for the high-quality development of the artificial intelligence industry to better promote the healthy development of the artificial intelligence industry.

　　How to prevent the risks that artificial intelligence may bring and ensure that artificial intelligence serves human well-being? The participants believed that in order to make good use of and manage artificial intelligence, it is necessary to use "non-artificial intelligence" methods to give full play to the power of systems and regulations and prevent the disorderly development of artificial intelligence.

　　On issues such as promoting the orderly and good development of artificial intelligence, experts said that generative artificial intelligence is accelerating its development, constantly giving birth to new industries, new tracks, and new models, which is an important breakthrough point for the layout of future industries. In the face of the complexity of generative artificial intelligence, security measures should be integrated into the whole life cycle to help build a good network space content ecology and escort the orderly development of the generative artificial intelligence service industry.

wubai

wubai

　　In order to welcome the online game "Wind and Fire Journey" on the stage, the spokesperson of the Rock King Wu Bai specially rode a cross-country beach bike that symbolizes the spirit of wind and fire, entered the venue handsomely, and held the holy fire to open the game listing. Wu Bai also donned a dozen kilograms of combat robes and paint to shoot TV commercials a few days ago.

　　Wu Bai, a rock king with a full schedule and work schedule, also specially produced the theme music "Wind and Fire" for the game this time. This powerful music will also be included in his upcoming album in October. In addition, the game Shinkansen specially asked the original factory to make Wu Bai NPC (non-player character) in the game, so that players can also get in touch with Wu Bai in the game. Wu Bai NPC will not only talk to the player, but also help the player restore vitality or strength in a timely manner.

Editor in charge: Sun Jie

　　　　　　　 On the evening of the 24th, Tsui Hark, Andy Lau, Carina Lau, Li Bingbing, Deng Chao, Yang Shoucheng, Shi Nansheng, and others attended the charity premiere in Times Square. As the celebration on the main creators’ stage drew to a close, emotional fans broke through the defense and rushed onto the stage, and Hua Zai signed autographs for the other party without hesitation to resolve the crisis.　

　　　　　　　 In the past, celebrities would have the phenomenon of "colliding shirts" when attending events, and in recent years, the phenomenon of "colliding shirts" in film and television works is also everywhere. There are different versions of Di Renjie in the TV series. Now that Andy Lau has once again interpreted this historical figure, it is inevitable that he has a mind set. In this regard, the director has given Hua Zai as much space as possible to put aside the existing image and play his own detective, which is unique.

　　　　　　　 In the posters that have been exposed in the film, Liu Jialing’s version of Wu Zetian’s eyebrows have caused a lot of discussion in the community. The styling director Yu Jiaan revealed that the inspiration was based on Dunhuang murals, while the director Xu Ke said: "This is completely different from all the women’s makeup looks in the Tang Dynasty that the audience saw in the past. Only Wu Zetian has the strength and courage to try this kind of look and makeup, because she is unique." In this regard, the actor Liu Jialing is also very satisfied with her look.

　　　　　　　 Carina put on 15 million sponsored diamond jewelry to steal the limelight, Leung Chaowei is filming in the mainland, Carina said that she will be concerned about it in her heart, revealing that she has contact every day. Mentioning that her friend Faye Wong often comes to Hong Kong to buy clothes, Carina said that she often goes to the mainland and can’t accompany each other, and will go to Beijing to support concerts later. In addition, when it comes to the same release, ask Andy if he thinks he is a strong competitor? He said he is not afraid of competition, thinking that there are different movies released every week, and everyone will be happy to receive 300 million at the box office.

Next page More wonderful pictures

　　Xinhuanet Lanzhou, November 10 (reporter, Wang Zhiheng, Guo Gang) On November 10, due to dissatisfaction with the large number of local illegal rental vehicles interfering with the passenger market, a collective strike of hundreds of taxis took place in Yongdeng County, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province.

　　The reporter rushed to the county seat of Yongdeng County, Gansu Province, and saw that the suspended taxis were neatly placed on both sides of the road at the gate of the Yongdeng County Transportation Bureau. It was rare to see taxis driving on the street, which caused great inconvenience to the residents of Yongdeng County.

　　Ma Jiangshan, a representative of the strike taxi driver, told reporters that the strike began at 9 a.m., and there were more than 280 taxis operating legally in the county, and more than 160 taxis participated in the strike that day.

　　Ma Jiangshan said that the main reason for the strike is the increasing number of "motorcycles" and taxis operating illegally in the local area, which has seriously affected the income of legal taxis. According to their understanding, there are currently more than 700 illegally operated "motorcycles" and taxis in the county seat. These illegal vehicles and legal taxis compete for customers and engage in malicious competition at low prices, resulting in a sharp drop in their income. At present, the daily operating income is only about 20 yuan, which can only support basic living.

　　Chen Yongshun, a representative of the strike drivers, said that since 2006, three taxi operating companies have been established in Yongdeng County. Some local farmers and laid-off workers have invested more than 30,000 yuan to buy vehicles and join the three companies to engage in local rental business. At first, they had a monthly income of thousands of yuan. Later, as more and more taxis were operating illegally, the income of legal taxis became less and less. Now the daily income is less than half of what it was at the beginning. They have reported the situation to the county traffic bureau and the public security bureau many times, but the problem cannot be solved. They have no choice but to take measures to stop the operation in order to protect their legitimate rights and interests.

　　Guo Shiling, director of the Yongdeng County Transportation Bureau, told reporters that the illegal taxi operators are mainly some private car owners in the county seat. In order to subsidize their own car expenses, they secretly engage in illegal passenger-carrying business, and the operating time and location change at any time. Even if they are caught by law enforcement officers of the transportation department, according to the relevant provisions of the "Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on the Administration of Road Transport", they can only be fined, but not revoked driving licenses and driver’s licenses, which will not play a deterrent role. As a result, there is a vicious circle of illegal taxis being "caught and fined, and fined and released" by the transportation department.

　　Guo Shiling said that although the traffic management department has difficulties in law enforcement, such as difficulty in obtaining evidence and limited penalties, the county transportation bureau has been stepping up its crackdown. On Nov. 5, just before the taxi strike, the county transportation bureau, together with the Yongdeng County Traffic Police Brigade and the Yongdeng County Administrative Law Enforcement Bureau, issued the "Implementation Plan for Regulating County Traffic Order" to carry out "100-day rectification actions" to crack down on illegal activities, including illegal taxi operations.

　　As of press time, taxis in Yongdeng had not resumed normal operations. Ma Jiangshan and other strike drivers said they would continue to strike until the county authorities could give them a clear time to crack down on illegal taxis.

　

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Editor in charge: Li Dan

This is the first photo of the black hole at the center of the Milky Way released by astronomers on May 12. Xinhua News Agency

At 21:00 on May 12, Beijing time, the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) cooperation organization held a press conference in seven cities around the world, including Shanghai, and announced the first photo of the supermassive black hole (Sagittarius A *) at the center of the Milky Way. For the first time in human history, the true face of the center of the Milky Way has been revealed.

This black hole photo was co-organized by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) and "taken" through a network of radio telescopes distributed around the world. Its release gives evidence that Sagittarius A * is the black hole in the center of the Milky Way, providing valuable clues for understanding this "behemoth" that is generally believed to inhabit the center of most galaxies. Its birth opened a new chapter in human exploration of the black hole in the center of the Milky Way.

Getting to know black holes for the first time

For the mysterious and vast universe, human beings are always full of imagination, and most of them come from the most primitive curiosity of human beings. With the development of science and technology, many imaginings have become scientific predictions, and through the unremitting exploration of generations of scientists, they have further become reality.

Modern astronomy tells us that the beautiful Milky Way we see at night is actually a flat disk-shaped spiral galaxy composed of hundreds of billions of stars. And our solar system, as an ordinary member of it, revolves around the center of the Milky Way 27,000 light-years away from the center of the Milky Way.

The "Galactic Center" was located in the direction of Sagittarius, which was covered with a large amount of gas and dust. It was difficult to observe in the visible light band, and the infrared and radio bands with longer wavelengths were less affected, which became the main way to study the "Galactic Center".

In 1933, when Carl Jansky of Bell Labs published a paper announcing the discovery of radio radiation possibly originating from the center of the Milky Way galaxy, it was the first time that humans had captured radio waves in the depths of space, but scientists at the time knew nothing about the secrets behind this intense radio radiation. Over the next three decades, Jansky’s findings were not only confirmed, but also traces of intense radio radiation were found in other, more distant galaxies.

Similar findings have led theorists to make bold predictions that galaxies harbor supermassive black holes at their centers, which are sources of intense radio radiation.

Black holes are cosmic celestial bodies that make many people curious. But few people really understand this cosmic "monster".

What is a black hole? "In layman’s terms, a black hole is actually the remains of a huge star," said Qin Ruiqiang, president of the Hebei Astronomy Amateur Association.

According to the introduction, the interior of a star is constantly undergoing thermonuclear reactions. When a star ages, it uses up the fuel in the center due to thermonuclear reactions, and there is not much energy produced by the center. At this time, it can no longer bear the huge weight of the shell. Therefore, under the weight of the shell, the core begins to collapse, and matter will inexorably "march" towards the center point. At this time, a supernova explosion will occur for a long time, until finally the star forms a star with a volume close to infinity and an almost infinite density, which is a black hole.

To fly from Earth to space, a rocket needs to reach a speed of 7.9 kilometers per second. As the mass of the Earth continues to increase, its surface attractive force will also increase, and the rocket will escape the Earth at an increasing speed. When this speed reaches 300,000 kilometers per second, nothing can escape the celestial body, including light.

A black hole is this celestial object that even light cannot escape, and this region is known as the black hole’s event horizon.

Inside, no light can escape, and all matter and mass gather at the singularity at the center of the black hole, where the curvature of space-time is infinite and the attractive force is infinite. Once inside the event horizon, all the laws of physics we know about the world break down.

In 1971, astronomers Nader Lindenberg and Martin Rees first predicted that there was a supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way. Because of the nature of black holes, it cannot be directly observed. But as the black hole swallows other matter, it forms an accretion disk, in which a large amount of matter rotates, rubs, and warms around the black hole, making the temperature here reach millions of degrees Celsius and appear very bright.

Black holes are one of the rarest cases in the history of science, developed to the point of exhaustion as a mathematical model without any observational evidence to prove their theory correct. In the early 20th century, black holes became widely known by Einstein’s general theory of relativity, but scientists did not discover the first black hole until 1970.

Although scientists have long simulated the appearance of black holes in supercomputers, they have long hoped to take a picture of them.

Photographing a black hole

With the continuous advancement of technology, humans can finally take pictures of black holes. Scientists chose two supermassive black holes as "models".

Released this year is Sagittarius A *, the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way, 27,000 light-years from Earth and more than 400 times the mass of the Sun. The black hole image released in 2019 is from the galaxy M87, which is farther and larger, 55 million light-years away from Earth and 6.50 billion times the mass of the Sun.

"People observe these two black holes from the earth, they are very small, and the apparent diameter of the ring structure is only about 40 to 50 microarc seconds." Qin Ruiqiang introduced that a microarc second is about the size of the period at the end of an article on the earth when viewed from the moon. The two black holes seem to be a "doughnut" on the surface of the moon 380,000 kilometers away from the ground.

Such a small apparent diameter challenges the angular resolution of telescopes.

"Angular resolution is a term that describes the capabilities of a telescope," Mr. Qin said. The smaller the angular resolution, the better the telescope’s ability to distinguish distant celestial bodies, and the clearer the images we can obtain.

The optical telescope is affected by the lens process and the earth’s atmosphere, and its resolution is weak. Even the 39.3-meter European Extremely Large Telescope under construction has a theoretical limit angular resolution of only 1,000 microarcseconds, which is still far from 50 microarcseconds.

Therefore, scientists thought of radio telescopes.

The aperture of a single radio telescope can reach tens of meters or even hundreds of meters. Although the resolution is much lower than that of optical telescopes of the same aperture due to its longer observation wavelength, scientists can use a VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometry) technology to form two or more radio telescopes into a larger aperture radio telescope, and improve the resolution by increasing the aperture.

According to reports, the black hole photos released in 2019 were also contributed by the Shanghai Tianma Telescope. It formed the East Asia VLBI Network with several stations in South Korea and Japan to conduct observations. The addition of the Tianma Telescope has improved the quality of East Asia VLBI maps by 53%.

Although Sagittarius A * is closer to Earth, photographing it is much more difficult than M87 *. The achievement was achieved by the whims of more than 300 researchers from 80 research institutions around the world.

The EHT collaboration "combined" eight radio telescopes in six geographic locations around the world to form a so-called "Event Horizon Telescope" with unprecedented sensitivity and resolution.

In 2017, the eight telescopes, which travel north to Spain and south to the South Pole, cast a "big net" at selected targets to "retrieve" massive amounts of data to give us a picture of what a black hole looks like. But the observation window left to scientists is very short, only about 10 days per year.

In addition to the limitation of observation time, photographing black holes is also extremely demanding in terms of weather conditions. "Water in the atmosphere has a significant impact on this observation band, and water affects the intensity of radio waves, which means that precipitation can interfere with observations." As a result, experts say, the eight telescopes are located in areas with high altitudes, very little rainfall and a very high probability of sunny days.

In addition, successful imaging requires all telescopes to be fully synchronized in time. During observations, each radio telescope collects and records radio wave signals from the vicinity of the target black hole, which are integrated to obtain an image of the event horizon. To ensure signal stability, the EHT uses atomic clocks to ensure that the signals it collects and records are synchronized in time.

Chi-kwan Chan, a scientist at the Steward Observatory in the United States, the Department of Astronomy and the Institute of Data Science at the University of Arizona, has described the difficulty of observing Sagittarius A * this way: "The surrounding gas is rotating around Sagittarius A * and M87 * at a high speed at almost the speed of light. It takes a few days to several weeks for the gas to circle M87 *, but for the much smaller Sagittarius A *, the gas can circle once in a few minutes. This means that as the EHT observes Sagittarius A *, the brightness and pattern of the gas surrounding the supermassive black hole are also changing rapidly over time. Taking a picture of Sagittarius A * is a bit like taking a clear picture of a puppy chasing its tail."

In the future, EHT will make a black hole "movie"

Using existing images of two black holes with masses more than 1,500 times different, scientists can further examine the attractive forces in extreme environments.

The photo of Sagittarius A * was made from a combination of many photos extracted from the EHT observation data in 2017. Since then, in 2018, 2020 and 2021, the EHT cooperation organization has not stopped the pace of observation research. Moreover, the number of EHT stations continues to increase. In 2018, three new stations were added, including the Greenland Telescope, and the coverage of the observation array was further expanded.

In future plans, more telescopes will be used to expand the EHT observation array.

In addition to the increase in the number of telescopes, starting in 2023, the EHT will conduct observations in the 0.87mm band, which will improve the resolution by nearly 50% compared to observations in the 1.3mm band under the same circumstances. Sagittarius A * and M87 * remain the most important scientific targets of the EHT collaboration, and astronomers are exploring how they change over time and studying the surrounding magnetic field.

The continued expansion of the EHT population and technological innovation will allow scientists to share more compelling astronomical photos, and even "movies" of black holes.

"Using the next-generation EHT to film such a’movie ‘of the black hole at the center of the Milky Way is the pursuit of astronomers." Some astronomers said so.

Scientists in our country have long been concerned about high-resolution black hole imaging research. In this EHT cooperation, scientists in our country actively participated in the joint promotion of early EHT international cooperation, the joint application of EHT observation time, the observation operation of the Maxwell Telescope in Hawaii, and the post-data processing and analysis.

Scientists will also aim their telescopes at other sources to make more "doughnuts," experts say, a goal that could be achieved by building space telescopes because other "doughnuts" are smaller. (Wang Ludan, Hebei Daily reporter)