1905 movie network news On December 6th, Sophie published a long article through Weibo, talking about the movie Dog Thirteen starring her. In the blog post, Sophie recalled the meeting with the character Li Wan: "It was 2011, and I was 14 years old, a junior high school student. Because I am in the physiological development period, I am always shyly hunched, wearing a forehead pox, wearing a loose school uniform, and walking around the campus, habitually being submerged in the crowd. "

Sophie said that maybe he was too similar to Li at that time. "That’s why I" became "Li." Regarding this role, Sophie expressed his "preference" for her: "During the seven years of playing goodbye to Li, her smiling face will appear in my mind from time to time in my spare time, but there is no smile under my eyes."

The movie Dog Thirteen tells the story of a 13-year-old girl, Li Wan, who lives with her grandparents because of her parents’ divorce. Being in adolescence, she is eager for understanding, companionship and love. In the Chinese-style education of "being obedient", Li Wan also completed her "adult ceremony". In the movie, the father hopes to complete reconciliation and communication with his daughter through a pet dog. Li Wan named the dog "Einstein", and the surging youth was accidentally lost because of "Einstein", which opened its turbulent and helpless growth path.

Weibo’s full text:

It was 2011, and I was 14 years old, a junior high school student. Because I am in the physiological development period, I always hunch my back shyly, with a forehead pox, wearing a loose school uniform, pattering around the campus, and I am habitually drowned in the crowd. I think, maybe I was too similar to Li at that time, so I "became" Li.

Tomorrow is a bit special. In terms of solar terms, it will be heavy snow, which is also the day when the movie Dog Thirteen will be released. Looking back, I have stepped on the tail of 2018. During the seven years of playing goodbye to Li, perhaps because of my preference, her smiling face will appear in my mind from time to time in my spare time, but there is no smile under my eyes.

Is growth always such a joke, or is it just like life? Are the "edges and corners" that we are asked to grind away really necessary? Many people say that this is the only way to grow up, so can I not choose this kind of growth? I don’t want to compromise with the adult world.

Everyone has a different interpretation of this film. Some people say that after watching and crying, Li plays with the reality that there is a parallel universe to fantasize about, and he only has a chicken feather. If after watching the film, you are stabbed with scars that have not been uncovered, then I am sorry to make you so sad and want to hug you. And if you don’t resonate after reading it, congratulations, you are so lucky. Thanks to this movie, we can be so close to each other’s hearts. I even want to have a little wine with you, chat with each other and vent.

As an actor, I want to get an objective evaluation after watching the movie; As one of the sentient beings, I also want to hear your stories related to "growth". You can talk to me here if you want, and I’ll read it.

　　Yangcheng Evening News reporter Yu Yanhong Lin Qingqing correspondent Guangdong CDC

　　"Have you been vaccinated?" Recently, with the increase in the number of people vaccinated in COVID-19, this sentence has become a topic for many citizens after dinner. At the same time, with the increasing willingness of citizens to vaccinate, many citizens will ask: What is the difference between inactivated vaccine and attenuated vaccine? Inactivated vaccine needs two shots. Can I inoculate COVID-19 vaccine produced by different manufacturers before and after? The provincial and municipal centers for disease control and prevention have given authoritative answers to the vaccination problems in COVID-19 that citizens are concerned about.

　　About vaccines:

　　Q: What kinds of vaccines are there in COVID-19 at present? Which is the best?

　　At present, there are hundreds of research and development units of COVID-19 vaccine in the world, and there are eight kinds of COVID-19 vaccine under development: inactivated vaccine, attenuated live vaccine, replicated vector vaccine, non-replicated vector vaccine, DNA vaccine, RNA vaccine, protein subunit vaccine and virus-like particle vaccine. In China, it mainly focuses on five technical routes: inactivated vaccine, adenovirus vector vaccine, recombinant protein vaccine, nucleic acid vaccine (including RNA vaccine and DNA vaccine) and attenuated influenza virus vector vaccine.

　　We can’t simply say which technical route is better, but we must comprehensively consider its safety, effectiveness, accessibility and affordability. This is the scientific evaluation of a vaccine.

　　Considering the current epidemic prevention needs, as long as it is for the purpose of disease prevention, any process of vaccine is acceptable for non-contraindication people.

　　Q: At present, the epidemic situation in China is generally stable. Is it necessary to vaccinate COVID-19?

　　Vaccine is one of the most effective and economical means to prevent infectious diseases. Although the current domestic epidemic situation is generally stable, we are still facing the pressure of local rebound caused by the import of overseas epidemic situation. Therefore, vaccination with COVID-19 vaccine can make you immune to Covid-19, and the beneficiaries are the first.

　　Secondly, when the vaccination rate of our population reaches a high level, that is to say, most people are immune to Covid-19, an immune barrier against Covid-19 will be established, which can effectively prevent the spread of the virus in the population, thus ending the epidemic. Therefore, it is recommended that people who meet the vaccination conditions benefit from early fight!

　　Q: What is not suitable for COVID-19 vaccination?

　　Covid-19 vaccine cannot be vaccinated in any of the following circumstances: those who are allergic to the vaccine or vaccine ingredients; Suffering from acute diseases; In the acute episode of chronic diseases; Those who are suffering from fever; Pregnant women; Suffering from diseases that cannot be vaccinated by doctors, etc., the specific instructions of the vaccine shall prevail.

　　Q: How many shots does COVID-19 vaccine need? How long is the interval? Can I replant if I miss the inoculation time of the second dose?

　　At present, Covid-19 inactivated vaccine used in Guangdong needs to be inoculated twice in the whole process, and it is recommended that the interval between two doses should not be less than 28 days. The recipients who need to complete the whole vaccination as soon as possible due to going abroad or working in high-risk areas should follow the principle of informed consent, and can be vaccinated with 2 doses of inactivated vaccine in Covid-19 at the shortest time interval not less than that specified in the vaccine instructions.

　　At present, there is a lack of clinical research data on different immunization procedures of inactivated vaccine in Covid-19, so it is not yet possible to determine the maximum interval between two doses of vaccine. However, referring to the vaccination experience of other vaccines, if patients have not completed the whole vaccination, they should start vaccination as soon as possible or make up the corresponding dose.

　　Q: Can two different COVID-19 vaccines be exchanged?

　　At present, there is no evidence that different manufacturers or different kinds of Covid-19 vaccines can replace vaccination. It is suggested that the same vaccine from the same manufacturer should be used to complete the vaccination at this stage.

　　Q: Can COVID-19 vaccine be inoculated with other vaccines such as HPV vaccine, influenza vaccine and rabies vaccine?

　　As a new member of the vaccine family, COVID-19 vaccine is recommended to be vaccinated separately from other vaccines and at least two weeks apart from other vaccines, so as to minimize unexpected interaction, and at the same time, it is necessary to closely observe the reaction after vaccination. If people exposed to rabies need rabies vaccine, rabies vaccine should be given priority.

　　Vaccine effect:

　　Q: What is the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine?

　　First of all, only vaccines with up-to-standard safety and effectiveness can be approved by the state drug regulatory authorities for listing; Secondly, before entering the market, each batch of vaccines needs to obtain a batch issuance certificate from the national drug regulatory authorities; The process of batch issuance is another test of the safety and effectiveness of this batch of vaccines; Finally, at present, China has vaccinated more than 80 million doses of COVID-19 vaccine, and the continuous monitoring results have proved that the vaccine is safe and effective.

　　Q: Do I still need to wear a mask after COVID-19 vaccination?

　　Before the population immune barrier is established, even if some people are vaccinated, everyone’s awareness of prevention and control and prevention measures cannot be relaxed. On the one hand, the success rate of vaccine immunization is not 100%, and a small number of vaccinated people may get sick during the epidemic period. On the other hand, in the absence of an immune barrier, Covid-19 is still easy to spread. Therefore, to prevent Covid-19 infection, we can’t put all our money on vaccines. We still need to keep in mind the three-piece set of epidemic prevention: wearing a mask, social distance and personal hygiene.

　　Q: Do I need to do nucleic acid testing after COVID-19 vaccination?

　　Vaccination can reduce the risk of infection to a certain extent, but the protective effect of any vaccine can not reach 100%. If necessary, we should still cooperate with relevant departments to carry out nucleic acid testing.

　　Q: What should I do if the serum antibody is positive at the entry-exit inspection after vaccination with COVID-19 vaccine?

　　If the subject has been vaccinated with Covid-19 vaccine two weeks ago, it may lead to antibody IgG and IgM positive. If the test result of serum antibody is positive, and other test results such as Covid-19 nucleic acid test are negative, COVID-19 vaccination certificate can be produced for the relevant institutions to identify and judge.

　　Q: Will virus mutation have an impact on vaccine protection?

　　The proliferation of viruses depends on living cells, and in this process, mutation is a normal phenomenon. From the current global research on Covid-19 mutation, there is no evidence that Covid-19 mutation will invalidate the existing COVID-19 vaccine. On January 2nd, 2021, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention found the mutant strain B.1.1.7 in a throat swab sample of a confirmed case imported from Britain to COVID-19, which has stronger transmission power, but the patient’s symptoms, severity rate and fatality rate have remained basically unchanged, and the vaccine currently developed is still effective. Many institutions, such as the World Health Organization, are paying close attention to and studying the variation in Covid-19, providing early warning and scientific analysis basis for the follow-up vaccine development and application.　　

　　adverse effect　　

　　Q: What adverse reactions may occur after vaccination?

　　At present, the inactivated Covid-19 vaccine being used in China has good safety. Common general reactions such as acid swelling, redness, pain and itching at the inoculation site; A very small number of people may have fever, fatigue, nausea, headache, muscle aches, etc. due to individual differences, and generally do not need to be treated, and most of them can recover on their own after 2-3 days.

　　Vaccines may induce allergic reactions in individuals, which is one of the characteristics of the vaccine itself, and does not mean that there are problems with the quality and safety of the vaccine itself.

　　Anaphylactic shock caused by vaccination (usually within 30 minutes after vaccination), or urticaria, allergic purpura, high fever, shock and other serious health conditions after the recipient leaves the vaccination site, you need to see a doctor immediately, and inform the doctor of the vaccination history and report to the vaccination unit at the same time.

Recently, it is reported that banking institutions in Beijing have set a trading limit for Class I accounts, and the daily limit for all non-counter channels is 5,000 yuan, which has aroused widespread concern among netizens. Why is it restricted to use your own money? Is there a quota requirement in Changsha? The reporter conducted a survey today.

The specific limit varies from person to person.

The so-called non-counter channels refer to businesses that are not handled at the bank counter, including online banking, mobile banking, online fast payment, POS machines at sales terminals, ATM machines and third-party payments including Alipay and WeChat.

On February 27th, the reporter used his own bank cards of China Construction Bank, China Merchants Bank and Bank of China, and the three cards transferred RMB 10,000 to each other through mobile banking, all of which could be transferred in and out smoothly, with no restrictions.

"Not all customers have been set a daily trading limit of 5,000 yuan for non-counter channels, and the situation of each customer is different. There are only limited customers in 100 yuan, 1000 yuan and 2,000 yuan, while some customers have trading limits as high as tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of yuan. " The staff of a branch of Bank of China in Changsha told the reporter that there are many reasons for customers with low transaction limit, but the main reason is to prevent telecom fraud.

The customer service of Shanghai Pudong Development Bank said that since last year, some customers’ off-counter transactions have been limited, mainly to prevent telecom fraud and ensure the safety of customers’ accounts.

"Customers do have the situation that non-counter channels are limited. The specific limit is determined according to the specific situation of customers. You can find the specific limit of the bank card under your name by searching for’ limit’ through mobile banking." The staff of the Agricultural Bank introduced.

The reporter learned that prime bank has established a set of anti-fraud and anti-money laundering identification systems. Under normal circumstances, the Head Office will push the list in the system, and branches will claim suspicious accounts opened in their own branches, and then conduct manual screening. The disposal methods include not only "reducing the limit of electronic channels", but also "only accepting and not paying" and "enhancing customer identification".

Withdrawal can be made through offline outlets.

A number of bank staff said that if they can’t meet the daily transaction requirements, they can bring their ID cards and bank cards to offline outlets for withdrawal, and a few banks have opened online withdrawal channels.

The staff of the Agricultural Bank told the reporter that if customers need to adjust the quota, they need to bring their ID cards and bank cards to the nearest outlets. The process is not complicated. The bank will ask why it is necessary to adjust the quota as required, and the customer only needs to answer truthfully.

The customer service of China Merchants Bank said that if the cardholder’s off-counter transaction quota is indeed lowered, he can give priority to searching the related functions of "transaction quota" through the mobile banking APP and try to adjust the quota online. If you can’t succeed online, bring your bank card and ID card to the offline outlets.

　　CCTV News:On the afternoon of December 8th, the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council held a press conference with the theme of "further optimizing the implementation of epidemic prevention and control measures". Responsible comrades of the National Health and Wellness Commission and relevant departments of the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention and relevant experts attended the conference and answered questions from the media.

　　At the press conference, a reporter asked, many elderly people over the age of 80 are inconvenient to move, suffer from a variety of chronic diseases, and generally rarely go to public places. Why do they need vaccination? What facilities are provided for the disabled and semi-disabled elderly in the service?

　　Xia Gang, director of the Department of Health and Immunity of the National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention, said that the current epidemic situation is still severe and complicated, and vaccination still has good effects in preventing serious illness and death. Vulnerable groups such as the elderly can easily develop into severe illness, critical illness or even death after being infected with Covid-19, and vaccination with COVID-19 vaccine will benefit the most.

　　Xia Gang said that a considerable number of disabled and semi-disabled elderly people in China live at home for a long time and rarely go out. However, infection may still lead to illness or even serious illness and death during the company or visit of relatives, so it is still necessary to vaccinate. At the same time, considering the mobility of these elderly people, in order to make them more convenient for vaccination, we have continued some previous good practices, including using mobile vaccination vehicles, driving special vaccination sessions for the elderly, opening green channels for vaccination for the elderly, etc. At the same time, it is proposed that all localities can send medical personnel with rich experience in diagnosis and vaccination to form vaccination teams, and provide home vaccination services for disabled and semi-disabled elderly people with common equipment and medicines needed during post-vaccination observation, so that these elderly people can complete vaccination without leaving home.

　　Zhongxin Jingwei Client September 22nd (Xiong Siyi) Ding-dong! Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day are coming, and you have a welfare to check!

　　A few days ago, the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions issued a document clearly stating that in 2020, the trade union funds will be increased at one time to distribute holiday condolences to all members, with the standard not exceeding 500 yuan per person. As soon as the news was released, netizens expressed their "envy", but in fact, you can also receive this holiday condolences!

　　20 provinces clearly define the distribution standards.

　　According to the Measures for the Management of Funds Revenue and Expenditure of Grass-roots Trade Unions issued by the General Office of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, grass-roots trade unions can distribute holiday condolences to all members on holidays. Festivals on holidays refer to statutory holidays stipulated by the state (namely, New Year, Spring Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Labor Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day) and ethnic festivals established with the approval of the people’s governments at or above the autonomous region.

　　According to the incomplete statistics of the Sino-Singapore Jingwei client, up to now, at least 20 provinces have made clear the standards for issuing holiday condolences. According to the upper limit of the standard of condolences, Guangdong ranks among the top in the country with "the annual total amount generally does not exceed 2,500 yuan per capita". However, Guangdong requires that the proportion of the annual expenditure of holiday condolences distributed by grass-roots trade unions to all members should not exceed 40% of the budget expenditure of the trade unions at the same level in that year, or should be controlled within 50% of the funds retained by grass-roots trade unions.

　　The five provinces of Hunan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Shandong and Qinghai have relatively high upper limit of holiday condolences, which are: no more than 2,100 yuan per person per year, no more than 2,200 yuan per person per year, no more than 2,000 yuan per person per year, no more than 2,000 yuan per person per year, and no more than 2,000 yuan per person per year. The upper limit of the standard of holiday condolences in Tianjin is relatively low. According to the data released by Tianjin in June 2019, it is no more than 1000 yuan per person per year.

　　Different from the above-mentioned provinces, Guizhou does not stipulate the upper limit of the annual total amount, but limits the single amount. In February 2018, Guizhou made it clear that grassroots trade unions can distribute holiday condolences to all members on holidays. The payment standard is that the average per capita of the Spring Festival does not exceed that of 500 yuan, other statutory holidays and ethnic festivals, which meets the requirements, does not exceed that of 200 yuan.

　　Five provinces raise the standard upper limit

　　In addition to going overseas, at least five provinces, including Inner Mongolia, Hubei, Shaanxi, Fujian and Shandong, have raised the upper limit of holiday condolences to varying degrees in recent years. Among them, in January 2019, Shaanxi raised the upper limit of the standard for grassroots trade unions to distribute condolences to all members on holidays in 700 yuan to no more than 2,200 yuan per person per year.

　　Su Jian, director of Peking University National Economic Research Center, said in an interview with Zhongxin Jingwei client that there are two reasons for raising employee welfare standards in many places. First, the economy has developed, and if it is still based on the original standards, it will be low; Second, because if the quota is too small, it will not play a role in reflecting the care of trade unions.

　　Song Qinghui, a well-known economist, analyzed the client of Sino-Singapore Jingwei, saying that according to the rising prices, many places have moderately raised the standards of employee welfare. From an economic point of view, when prices go up, welfare will naturally go up, which conforms to the basic law of economic development.

　　Jiang Han, a senior researcher at Pangu Think Tank, told the client of Zhongxin Jingwei that the promotion of employee benefits in many places, especially enterprises and institutions, is also to better retain people and help local governments establish a better talent training and retention mechanism, which is closely related.

　　The Sino-Singapore Jingwei client also noticed that in the first half of this year, some regions concentrated on issuing annual holiday condolences at the beginning of the year. For example, Hunan issued a notice in March, and the trade unions of government agencies, enterprises and institutions in the whole province will distribute the undistributed part of the holiday condolence fee that can be distributed throughout the year, plus the special condolence fee for fighting the epidemic previously stipulated by the Provincial Federation of Trade Unions, in the form of consumer vouchers, and the holiday condolence fee that has been distributed this year will not be distributed repeatedly. Workers and trade union members should finish their consumption before 24: 00 on May 5.

　　Screenshot source: Hunan Trade Union Network

　　In addition, in April this year, Guizhou will issue the undistributed part of the annual holiday trade union welfare fund in advance; Shandong also issued a notice in April, pointing out that grass-roots trade unions can issue holiday condolences to all members in advance by means of delivery vouchers.

　　In this regard, Su Jian said that from the perspective of promoting consumption, it is obviously helpful for the annual welfare to be distributed centrally at the beginning of the year. Because the money is available earlier, ordinary people can spend it more freely at the right time. On the one hand, it improves the efficiency of expenditure, on the other hand, it can also make the function of promoting consumption better realized.

　　Jiang Han pointed out that in a sense, the centralized distribution model can give employees better welfare and treatment. If it is distributed to various festivals, it may lead to a small number of employees’ welfare benefits in each festival, but centralized distribution can make the single amount more and the choice of benefits more, so some places have begun to explore the mode of centralized distribution.

　　Jiang Han also said that we can’t overdo it in order to fight corruption and promote honesty, but also take into account the welfare of employees. Su Jian also believes that the holiday welfare itself is in line with the tradition of China. As long as the source of funds is justified and the way of distribution is appropriate, there will be no problem. (Zhongxin Jingwei APP)

　　Shen Xiaoming, male, born in May 1963, Han nationality, born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, holds a postgraduate degree and a doctor’s degree in medicine. He joined the work in July 1987 and joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) in August 1984.

　　1979.09— September 1984, majoring in pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Wenzhou Medical College

　　1984.09— 1987.07 Postgraduates in Pediatrics Department of Wenzhou Medical College studied.

　　1987.07— 1987.11 Resident, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Medical University

　　1987.11— 1988.02 Teaching assistant, Department of Pediatrics, Wenzhou Medical College

　　1988.02— 1991.02 Ph.D. students majoring in child health care in Pediatrics Department of Shanghai Second Medical University studied.

　　1991.02— May 1996 Attending physician, associate researcher and associate professor, Institute of Pediatric Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Second Medical University (during the period: March 1994? — 1996.05 Postdoctoral fellow, Einstein College of Medicine, new york, USA)

　　1996.05— 1998.07 Researcher, Professor, Vice President and Executive Vice President of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center

　　1998.07— 2003.03 Vice President and Dean of Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Second Medical University and Dean of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center.

　　2003.03— 2005.07 President of Shanghai Second Medical University

　　2005.07— 2006.02 Executive Vice President of Shanghai Jiaotong University and Dean of Medical College

　　2006.02— 2006.04 Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee of Shanghai Science and Education Work, Party Secretary of the Municipal Education Commission, and Executive Vice President of Shanghai Jiaotong University

　　2006.04— 2008.01 Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee of Shanghai Science and Education Work and Director of the Municipal Education Commission

　　2008.01— 2013.05 Deputy Mayor of Shanghai and Director of Shanghai Zhangjiang High-tech Development Zone Management Committee

　　2013.05— 2013.06 Deputy Mayor of Shanghai and Secretary of Pudong New Area Party Committee

　　2013.06— 2015.03 Member of the Standing Committee of Shanghai Municipal Committee and Secretary of Pudong New Area Party Committee

　　2015.03— 2016.09 Standing Committee of Shanghai Municipal Committee, Secretary of Pudong New Area Party Committee, Director of China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone Management Committee

　　2016.09— 2017.03 Deputy Minister of Education and Deputy Secretary of the Party Group

　　2017.03— 2017.04 Deputy Secretary of Hainan Provincial Committee

　　2017.04— 2017.05 Deputy Secretary of Hainan Provincial Party Committee, Acting Governor of the Provincial Government and Party Secretary

　　2017.05 Deputy Secretary of Hainan Provincial Party Committee, Governor of Provincial Government and Party Secretary

　　2020.12 Secretary of Hainan Provincial Party Committee

　　Member of the 19th Central Committee and representative of the 19th Party Congress.

　　2021.01 Director of the Standing Committee of Hainan Provincial People’s Congress

Jin Yang network reporter Liang Xuhao and correspondent Sui Huanxuan reported: The sky is dry and the things are dry, and the dust pollution is also coming. The monitoring data show that the average concentration of PM10 at Zhenlong National Control Point in Huangpu District of Guangzhou is the highest among the 10 national control points, and the increase is the largest. What caused the PM10 concentration at Zhenlong Monitoring Point to soar? 　

On the 13th, the reporter followed the law enforcement officers of Guangzhou Ecological Environment Bureau to visit several construction sites of Sino-Singapore Knowledge City near the monitoring point, and found that there were still cases where dust pollution prevention measures were not in place. During the construction of many construction sites, dust was flying all over the sky, and the fog gun dust remover was ineffective. In this regard, the municipal ecological environment department has taken measures to deal with it according to law. 　

At the end of the year, PM10 pollution intensified in the sprint construction site. 　

According to the research of the municipal ecological environment department, 58% of the sources of PM10 in Guangzhou are dust sources, and the proportion in the central city is as high as 68%. The lowest cost and fastest effective measure to reduce PM10 concentration is to effectively control dust pollution. However, at present, a large number of construction sites in the city have entered the sprint construction stage, and some construction sites still have the phenomenon that the "six 100%" requirements for dust pollution control have not been implemented, such as bare soil and no sprinkler spray, which has aggravated PM10 pollution. 　

The monitoring shows that from January to November, 2019, the average concentration of PM10 at Longguo Control Point in Huangpu Town, Guangzhou was the highest among the 10 national control points, with the largest increase. On December 1-10, the average concentration of PM10 at this point was about 1.2 times that of the other nine national control points. 　

At the intersection of Jiulong Avenue and Zhenlong Avenue, the construction is in full swing. A lot of loess has been excavated and piled up on the pavement or sidewalk. Some workers are burying huge drainage pipes underground, and some workers are operating cranes to plant trees in the pit. The reporter visually observed that the lot was at least carrying out greening and laying pipelines at the same time. 　

At the opposite position of the gas station at the intersection, several excavators were working intensively, and the loess was exposed and dusty. Mr. Zhong, the person in charge of the site, told the reporter: "This is the interchange project between Jiulong Avenue and Guangshan Road. It has been going on for several months, and now it will be finished soon. It will be completed by burying the drainage pipe, which is just these two days."　　

The dust on the construction site is flying, but the fog machine is a decoration 　

Construction goes on as scheduled, but how to prevent dust? The reporter found that a small gun fog machine was placed on a small open space opposite the construction site and on the road, but the wires of the machine had been buried in loess, and the machine was covered with thick dust and was not used at all. 　

When asked why there was a gun fog machine but it was not used, Mr. Zhong, the person in charge of the construction site, did not answer. Instead, he told the reporter: "We have sprinklers, but vehicles are walking around. First of all, we must ensure the sprinkling of roads. Moreover, water can’t be sprinkled too much, mud will affect the construction, and it will also be complained by surrounding residents. " After waiting for a few minutes at the construction site, I finally saw the figure of a small sprinkler, but the vehicle just drove near the construction site and suddenly turned around and left. 　

Then, the reporter and eco-environmental law enforcement officers came to the Unicom project site of Innovation Avenue in Knowledge City to face the road, and all the green belts in the middle of the road were dug up, exposing a lot of loess, which was completely uncovered; Moreover, there are many construction facilities piled up on the road, several workers are mixing sand and gravel in the open air, and many passing vehicles are also totally embarassed.　　

Focus on the supervision of construction sites and road dust, open burning, etc.

After the on-site investigation, the law enforcement officers of the ecological environment entered the problems of the above two construction sites into the law enforcement APP and handed them over to the relevant departments for processing. 　

The relevant person in charge of the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment told the reporter that the dust on the construction site is different according to the nature of the construction site, and the regulatory authorities are also different, which makes supervision difficult. At present, the management of construction sites is relatively standardized, but linear sites such as roads and greening have the characteristics of long front and short construction time, and bare soil coverage is often not in place, which makes supervision more difficult. 　

In order to effectively cope with the polluted weather caused by drought and lack of rain, the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, together with relevant departments and districts, launched a campaign to tackle PM10 pollution. The Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment has formed eight action groups, focusing on the key points of PM10 prevention and control, and conducting uninterrupted inspections from 8: 00 to 24: 00 every day, focusing on the supervision of key pollution sources such as dust from construction sites and roads, open burning, catering fumes and industrial enterprise exhaust emissions in key areas. 　

According to reports, in the next step, the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment plans to issue the "Intensive Plan for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution in Winter and Spring of 2019-2020 in Guangzhou", by strengthening various regulatory measures such as industrial emission reduction, mobile sources and non-point sources, and at the same time supervising the implementation of enhanced measures, ensuring that all measures are implemented, doing a good job in dealing with polluted weather and ensuring air quality this winter and next spring, ensuring the completion of the annual air quality improvement objectives and tasks, and fully guarding "Guangzhou Blue" 　

Add some material to the news 　

The prevention and control of dust pollution is an important part of air environmental control, but this work involves many functional departments. Many citizens often don’t know which department to report to when they find illegal operation sites. The reporter sorted out this. 　

According to the relevant provisions of the Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution in Guangdong Province, the competent departments of ecological environment, housing and urban construction, urban management, municipal sanitation, landscaping, natural resources, transportation and water administration of the provincial people’s government shall formulate and improve the technical requirements for the prevention and control of dust pollution in accordance with the division of responsibilities stipulated in these regulations. 　

Various functional departments in Guangzhou also have corresponding supervisory responsibilities according to the nature of the construction site- 　

Municipal Housing and Construction Bureau: guide and supervise the quality, safety and civilized construction management of housing construction projects, as well as the management of construction permits. 　

Transportation Bureau: Responsible for the city’s roads (including highways, urban roads, bridges and tunnels) and urban rail transit, and responsible for the quality and safety, civilized construction supervision and cost management of road and urban rail transit projects. 　

Water Affairs Bureau: responsible for the management of water engineering construction. 　

Bureau of Forestry and Landscape Architecture: Organize the implementation of key landscaping projects. 　

Port Authority: responsible for the supervision and management of port engineering construction. 　

Planning and Natural Resources Bureau: responsible for the restoration and management of mine geological environment. Responsible for the comprehensive improvement of land space, land consolidation and reclamation, and the restoration of mine geological environment. 　

Urban management and comprehensive law enforcement bureau: responsible for the organization and coordination of civilized construction and organizing the implementation of relevant regulations on civilized construction of construction projects. Responsible for the supervision and management of environmental sanitation in the city. Responsible for the management of construction waste discharge, collection, transportation and consumption.

"Free HPV vaccination for school-age women" adds another province, this time in Jiangsu, where the permanent population ranks fourth in the country in 2022.

On the evening of March 22nd, the WeChat official of Jiangsu CDC reported that in order to implement the "Healthy China 2030" strategy, promote the comprehensive prevention and treatment of cervical cancer and promote the construction of healthy Jiangsu, the Provincial Health and Wellness Commission, the Provincial Department of Education and the Provincial Women’s Federation jointly held a kick-off meeting in Nanjing on March 20th to deploy the free HPV vaccination for school-age girls in the province in 2023.

Cervical cancer is the fourth largest malignant tumor affecting women’s health in the world, and it is also the second largest female malignant tumor in China. Vaccination with human papillomavirus (HPV) is an effective means to prevent cervical cancer. According to the "Notice on Printing and Distributing the Action Plan for Accelerating the Elimination of Cervical Cancer (2023-2030)" issued by National Health Commission in January this year, by 2025, the HPV vaccination service for school-age girls will be promoted on a pilot basis; The screening rate of cervical cancer in school-age women reached 50%; The treatment rate of patients with cervical cancer and precancerous lesions reached 90%.

Since the first government-led HPV vaccine free vaccination project was launched in Ordos City three years ago, up to now, Guangdong, Hainan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Tibet and Chongqing provinces have also started or announced that they will launch a global HPV vaccine free vaccination plan.

A number of industry experts believe that since the listing of HPV vaccine in China, the vaccination amount has been increasing year by year, but there are still some problems such as limited vaccination coverage, unbalanced distribution and the market chasing high-priced vaccines. Globally, more than 70% of cervical cancer cases are related to high-risk HPV16 and HPV18 subtypes, and bivalent vaccine is just enough to effectively prevent these two infections. Because of China’s large population, the government must be careful to use the limited vaccine resources and local finance to the people who need protection most. This requires accelerating the government-led HPV vaccination program to guide the vaccine market to develop in a more benign direction.

HPV public vaccine is gradually spread out.

Last year, Wuxi, Lianyungang, Nanjing and Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, successively launched the pilot project of free HPV vaccination for school-age girls, with a total of 64,000 people vaccinated.

According to the "Work Plan for Free Vaccination of HPV Vaccine for School-age Girls" in Jiangsu Province, in 2023, at least 246,700 girls born after September 1, 2009 and in the first half of the year will be vaccinated with domestic bivalent HPV vaccine for free. In order to ensure the smooth implementation of the project, the provincial finance at all levels will invest 172 million yuan.

CBN noted that as early as last December, Jiangsu Province issued the "14th Five-Year Plan" for the development of women and children, and proposed to "encourage qualified areas to promote HPV vaccination with emphasis on girls aged 9-15".

In January this year, Jiangsu Province issued the "List of 55 livelihood facts in 13 categories to guarantee and improve people’s livelihood in 2023", and "Free HPV vaccination for school-age girls" was included, which means that the vaccination project will be promoted throughout the province.

"The project is led by the Provincial Health and Wellness Committee, and launched in the whole province in conjunction with the Provincial Department of Education and the Provincial Women’s Federation. It aims to raise the awareness of cervical cancer prevention and control and prevent and reduce the occurrence of cervical cancer through HPV vaccination." Jiangsu Provincial Health and Health Commission said.

In addition to Jiangsu, according to the work report of Hainan Provincial Government this year, "HPV vaccination for school-age women" was also included in the 10 practical matters for the people determined by the provincial party committee and the provincial government in 2023.

Official website, the People’s Government of Hainan Province, released a message in early February, further clarifying the vaccination plan: this year, the project will be implemented in 18 cities and counties in the province (except Sansha City), and in 2023, the target of vaccination will be girls aged 13-14 years and a half in the first dose, and girls who are contraindicated in vaccination or who have been vaccinated with HPV will not be included in the vaccination scope. In 2023, it is planned to vaccinate 55,800 girls, according to "0— 6 "Two-dose immunization program, complete two injections in the same year, and ensure that" all should be connected ". At the same time, the project will also vaccinate domestic bivalent HPV vaccine for school-age female soldiers in need.

Up to now, according to incomplete statistics, in less than three years, Hainan, Jiangxi, Tibet, Fujian, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Chongqing and other provinces, as well as Erdos, Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Qingdao, Jinan, Dezhou, Jiaozhou, Yantai, Shijiazhuang, Handan, Tangshan, Chengdu, Mianyang, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Zhengzhou, Ningbo and other places are promoting public HPV vaccination projects.

Looking back on the progress of HPV vaccine at public expense, in August 2020, the first government-led HPV vaccine free vaccination project in China was launched in Zhungeer Banner, Erdos City, Inner Mongolia.

Six months later, in March 2021, China launched the pilot project of healthy city innovation, and encouraged the cities participating in the pilot project to study and carry out government-led HPV vaccination according to their own conditions. Up to now, among the first batch of 15 healthy cities, 9 cities including Shenzhen, Xiamen, Chongqing, Ordos, Jinan, Chengdu and Wuxi have officially launched the HPV vaccine immunization program.

In addition to Jiangsu, among the provinces where the above-mentioned cities started the HPV vaccine immunization program, Fujian and Guangdong provinces have also expanded the coverage of the project to the whole province, while Shijiazhuang, Tangshan, Zhengzhou, Hainan, Jiangxi, Tibet and other places that are not in the above-mentioned pilot list have also announced the free vaccination of HPV vaccine in the whole region.

For example, Guangdong proposed that from 2022 to 2024, the financial plan will add about 600 million yuan for free vaccination of HPV vaccine. From 2022, free vaccination will be given to girls under the age of 14 who have a student status in Guangdong Province and have entered the first grade of junior high school since September and have not been vaccinated with HPV vaccine.

Why bivalent seedlings are key?

At present, HPV vaccine has not been included in medical insurance in China, and with the aging of vaccination in many places, the three-needle nine-valent vaccine vaccinated at one’s own expense has become a tight existence in the market. But in the eyes of the industry, if China wants to achieve the "90-mdash; 70— The goal of "90" urgently needs to promote the government-led bivalent vaccine inoculation plan.

The so-called "90— 70— 90 ",that is, 90% of girls complete HPV vaccination before the age of 15; 70% of women are screened by efficient detection methods before the age of 35 and 45; 90% of women diagnosed with cervical diseases are treated. In 2020, there will be 109,000 new cases of cervical cancer and 59,000 deaths in China, accounting for one fifth of the global total.

At present, HPV vaccines are divided into bivalent, tetravalent and nonavalent. All HPV vaccines contain VLPs (virus-like particles) for high-risk HPV types 16 and 18; Among them, the nine-valent vaccine contains VLPs against high-risk HPV31 types 31, 33, 45, 52 and 58.

According to the "Human Papillomavirus Vaccine: WHO Position Paper" updated by WHO last year, it is estimated that HPV16 and HPV18 together cause 71% of cervical cancer cases in the world. Of the remaining 29% cases of cervical cancer, 6% were caused by HPV45, 4% by HPV31, 4% by HPV33, 3% by HPV52 and 2% by HPV58.

In this document, WHO cited research that bivalent vaccine is also highly effective against HPV-16 and HPV-18-related infections and cervical lesions. "A study observed the population-based cancer registration data of women under the age of 30 and found that after the bivalent HPV vaccine was included in the national immunization program, cervical cancer could be nearly eliminated among women who were vaccinated at the age of 12-13."

Jiangsu CDC also explained why the domestic bivalent HPV vaccine was chosen for the public vaccination program: in China, about 70% of cervical cancer cases are related to the infection of two subtypes of high-risk HPV16 and HPV18. The HPV vaccination project for school-age girls uses domestic bivalent HPV vaccine, and the 9-14-year-old subjects need to be vaccinated twice, which can effectively prevent the infection of the above two subtypes and is the most cost-effective vaccine.

Du Heng, senior project officer of Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Beijing Representative Office, believes that enterprises will make production capacity layout and arrangement according to market demand. If the government does not guide, enterprises will only pay attention to the commercial market, leaving production capacity for high-priced vaccines and people with higher ability to pay, and will not give priority to key people aged 9-15.

However, the reporter noted that the main target groups of HPV vaccination recommended by WHO include girls aged 9-14 who have not had sex. However, in Jiangsu, Hainan and other places, the age range of the first dose of HPV vaccine for school-age women included at public expense is about 13~14 years old.

For this phenomenon, Zhao Fanghui, director of the National Cancer Center and the Epidemiology Research Office of the Cancer Hospital of China Academy of Medical Sciences, conducted a comparative study of school-age women in the age group of 9-14, and found that given the limited vaccine and funding resources, it would be more beneficial to vaccinate the 14-year-old girl twice first than to vaccinate other age groups first. "The key point of optimizing the prevention and control strategy of cervical cancer in China lies in ‘ Treatment-oriented ’ To ‘ Prevention first ’ Change, increase the initial investment, and introduce vaccines in the small age group of 9-15 years old as soon as possible. "

With more provinces including bivalent HPV vaccine in the scope of public vaccination, can China’s production capacity be covered?

Chai Yan, director of management consulting at IQVIA, said that there are two companies in China that can produce HPV vaccines, each with a total production capacity of 30 million/year, but at present, the production capacity of the two companies is not full. According to the preliminary forecast, in 2023, the demand for bivalent seedlings in China will be 100 million. Theoretically speaking, if the two manufacturers make full efforts, they can meet the demand of most consumers for bivalent vaccines in recent years.

"Based on this, it is expected that after 2025, China will usher in a new stage of HPV vaccine development. By then, a number of domestic vaccines will be listed one after another, greatly improving the overall supply of HPV vaccines in China and improving the accessibility of vaccines. " Chai Yan said.

Du Heng also believes that promoting the inclusion of HPV vaccine in immunization program can fundamentally solve the problems of vaccine quality, supply and price. Government-led vaccine public market can make enterprises have a stable source of bulk orders, and then have the confidence to expand production capacity. In order to ensure large-scale production and supply, they are more willing to invest more R&D and human resources in quality control to improve product efficiency. The government and people can also benefit from this and get high-quality and low-cost cervical cancer vaccine.

　　　　The picture shows a scene of the tourism special economic zone in Altai Krai, Russia. Photo by Li Chuifa

　　　　The picture shows a scene of Kaliningrad Special Economic Zone in Russia. Photo by Li Chuifa

　　　　With the adoption of the Law on Russian Special Economic Zones in the Russian State Duma and the formal implementation of the Law on January 1, 2006, the construction of Russian special economic zones has begun. The first batch of special economic zones began to operate in 2007.

　　　　Speed up the development of special economic zones

　　　　In order to improve the investment environment, in 2005, President Putin repeatedly instructed the government and called on the legislature to speed up the deliberation and adoption of the relevant bills on the establishment of special economic zones, which played an important role in promoting the promulgation of laws on Russian special economic zones as soon as possible.

　　　　In 2005, after three readings, the Russian State Duma finally passed the Special Economic Zone Law on July 8 of that year, and changed the former Free Economic Zone Law into the Special Economic Zone Law. On July 13th of the same year, the Council of the Russian Federation also passed this law by a high vote, and the law came into effect on January 1st, 2006.

　　　　The adoption of the Law on Russian Special Economic Zones provides a legal basis for the construction of special economic zones. At present, the Russian government has decided to build two special economic zones for industrial production, four special economic zones for technology promotion and seven special economic zones for tourist resorts. In March 2007, the Russian government passed an amendment to the Law on Russian Special Economic Zones, and decided to establish four special port economic zones.

　　　　The first batch of special economic zones in Russia began to operate in 2007, and it is expected that initial results will be achieved within 2-3 years. This indicates that the construction and development of Russian special economic zones have entered a new stage.

　　　　Types and characteristics of special economic zones

　　　　1. Types of special economic zones: According to the provisions of the Russian Special Economic Zone Law, there are four main types of special economic zones.

　　　　1. Industrial production-oriented special economic zones. They are located in Lipetsk region and Yelabuga city of Tatarstan Republic, mainly engaged in product production and processing. Enterprises settled in such special zones can be exempted from land tax, transportation tax and property tax within 10 years, and can also enjoy the preferential treatment of tariff free zone system. The industrial production-oriented special economic zone covers an area of less than 20 square kilometers and its operation period does not exceed 20 years. The prerequisite for obtaining the business status in the industrial production-oriented special economic zone is that the total investment should not be less than 10 million euros, and the investment in the first year of operation in the special zone should not be less than 1 million euros.

　　　　2. Technology promotion special economic zones. They are located in Zelenograd (Greentown) administrative region of Moscow, Dubna, St. Petersburg and Tomsk, Moscow, and mainly engage in the development and production of high-tech products, and promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in the fields of information technology, nuclear physics, instrument manufacturing, medicine, software, electronics, biotechnology and new materials. Enterprises in the special zone can be exempted from land tax, transportation tax and property tax within five years. Covering an area of less than 2 square kilometers, the operation period does not exceed 20 years. There are no restrictions and regulations on investment conditions for enterprises to enter the technology promotion special economic zone.

　　　　3. Special economic zones for tourist resorts. They are located in Altai Krai, Altai Republic, Irkutsk Region, Buryatia Republic, Stavropol Krai, Krasnodar Krai and Kaliningrad Region. Enterprises in the special zone can engage in the construction and transformation of tourist facilities, and can also engage in the development of natural resources such as mineral water and mud with therapeutic effects. Enterprises in the special zone can also enjoy preferential tax policies.

　　　　4. Port Special Economic Zone. Such special zones will be built in seaports, river ports and airports in the Russian Federation, mainly engaged in cargo handling, warehousing and ship maintenance. Such special economic zones also enjoy various preferential tax policies. The Russian government is going to invite tenders for the port special economic zone before the end of this year.

　　　　Second, the characteristics of Russian special economic zones. From the content of the Law on Russian Special Economic Zones, the special economic zones established in Russia have their own characteristics. First of all, Russian special economic zones treat domestic capital and foreign capital equally, and absorbing foreign capital is not the only purpose. Five of the Russian SEZs focus on high-tech industries, so these SEZs are industry-oriented, not capital-oriented. No matter what the nature of the funds coming to the SAR is, as long as they meet the conditions of the SAR, they can enjoy preferential treatment. Secondly, a considerable proportion of the funds for the construction of Russian special economic zones are paid by the central government, and the personnel responsible for attracting investment are sent by the General Administration of Russian Special Economic Zones. Therefore, the project review is very strict and will not violate the standards. Third, in terms of the management system of special zones, the administrative committee of Russian special economic zones has two functions, one is to attract investment, and the other is to examine the qualifications of enterprises. As for other aspects of management, it is the same inside and outside the district. For example, the relevant registration procedures for entering the SAR are still handled by the local industrial and commercial bureau, and the local tax bureau is responsible for collecting taxes. The management committee is responsible for informing the tax bureau which enterprises meet the preferential tax conditions, and the whole management method is the same as before. Therefore, the CMC is a management institution, but it is not a first-class quasi-government institution. It can be seen that Russian special economic zones are more closely linked with the overall economy.

　　　　Tax and financial preferential policies

　　　　In order to accelerate the development of special economic zones, the Law of Russian Special Economic Zones stipulates a series of preferential policies.

　　　　1. Preferential tax policy: there is no limit on the investment quota of high-tech projects, and the unified social tax rate is lowered to 14% (generally 26%), and the federal property tax and land tax are exempted for five years before the project is put into production. At the same time, Russia will correspondingly amend the Tax Code, Land Code, Customs Code and other relevant laws and regulations to adapt to the promulgation and implementation of the Law on Russian Special Economic Zones.

　　　　2. Tariff policy: The tariff free zone system will be implemented in the special economic zones. Imported foreign goods can enter the bonded zone free of import duties and value-added tax, while the goods produced in the zones can be exported free of export tax.

　　　　III. Financial policy: The losses of an enterprise can be carried forward to the next fiscal year for accounting without restriction. At the same time, accelerate and simplify the confirmation procedures for R&D expenditures of enterprises for scientific research and experiments.

　　　　The Law of Kaliningrad Special Economic Zone of Russian Federation stipulates that: in the special economic zone, Russian and foreign investors enjoy the preferential tax reduction and exemption stipulated in the tax law of Russian Federation and local regulations of Kaliningrad Region; Goods produced in special economic zones (determined according to the certificate of origin) can be exempted from paying customs duties and other fees (except customs fees) when they are transported abroad, and are not affected by the state’s non-tariff foreign trade adjustment policies; Goods brought into the special economic zone from abroad may be exempted from paying customs duties and other fees (except customs fees) that should be paid when going through customs formalities; Goods produced in special economic zones (determined according to the certificate of origin) can be exempted from paying customs duties and other fees (except customs fees) when they are transported to other parts of Russia and the customs union to which Russia is a member, and are not affected by the national non-tariff foreign trade adjustment policy; When goods are transported from abroad to the special economic zone (with or without processing in the zone) and transported abroad, they are exempt from customs duties and other fees payable when going through customs formalities, and are not subject to import and export quantity restrictions.

　　　　The Law of the Magadan Special Economic Zone of the Russian Federation stipulates that enterprises engaged in business activities in the special economic zone and Magadan State may be exempted from paying taxes and fees payable to the federal finance (except those paid to the federal pension fund and the federal social insurance fund); From January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2014, the profits of enterprises engaged in business activities in special economic zones and Magadan State for investment and development of production and public utilities in Magadan State can be exempted from profit tax; Enterprises in the area can be exempted from import duties and other fees (except customs fees) stipulated by the State Customs Committee of the Russian Federation when transporting foreign goods purchased for their own production and used in Magadan from the special economic zone to other parts of Magadan; When enterprises in the region transport the above-mentioned foreign goods from Magadan to other customs territories of the Russian Federation, if the goods are processed and meet the deep processing standards stipulated by the customs law of the Russian Federation, they can be regarded as Russian goods, exempted from import duties and customs formalities; Enterprises in the area can be exempted from paying customs duties and other fees (except customs fees) when transporting goods produced in the special economic zone to other customs areas of the Russian Federation or outside the Russian Federation. In addition, in the Republic of Dagestan, foreign investors pay profit tax at a reduced rate.

　　　　Relevant restrictive provisions

　　　　The Law of Russian Special Economic Zones provides detailed provisions on the concept, types, purpose, composition and duration of special economic zones.

　　　　Special economic zones refer to areas approved by the Russian government that implement special preferential policies for their business activities within a limited scope in Russia. The purpose of establishing special economic zones is to develop domestic processing industries, high-tech industries, new product production enterprises and transportation infrastructure.

　　　　As for the composition of special economic zones, the Russian Special Economic Zone Law stipulates the following statutory requirements, that is, the ownership of land in special economic zones is owned by the state or the municipal government, and there are some supplementary provisions on land for different types of special economic zones.

　　　　Land in industrial production special economic zones does not belong to citizens and legal persons, and may not be used for other purposes, except for basic projects. Within the land of the special zone, only state-owned or municipal-owned projects (except traffic engineering construction) are allowed to be implemented.

　　　　The land in the technology promotion special economic zone does not belong to the public and legal persons (excluding educational and scientific research institutions) and may not be used for other purposes (except for basic engineering projects). Only state-owned or municipal-owned projects (except traffic engineering construction projects) are allowed to be implemented within the land of the technology promotion special zone.

　　　　In addition, projects prohibited in the special zone include real estate development; Classification of mineral mining and metallurgical manufacturing projects according to the types of business in Russia; Mineral refining, ferrous and non-ferrous metal processing projects; Other manufacturing and processing projects of goods subject to consumption tax except cars and motorcycles.

　　　　The term of a special economic zone is 20 years, and no extension will be granted after the expiration.

　　　　The business entities of industrial production-oriented special economic zones can be commercial organizations in addition to unitary production enterprises, and enterprises in technology promotion-oriented special zones can also be privately owned. However, all business entities in the special zones must meet the following conditions, that is, they must be companies registered in the administrative agencies in the special zones according to regulations, signed an agreement on industrial production or technology promotion activities with the administrative organs of the special zones, and registered as business entities in the list of members.

　　　　According to the provisions of the Russian Special Economic Zone Law, business units in the Special Zone have no right to open branches or offices outside the Special Zone. According to the agreement, the total investment of industrial production enterprises in the special zone, except intangible assets, shall not be less than 10 million euros (according to the foreign exchange rate of the Russian Central Bank on that day). In the first year after signing the agreement, excluding intangible assets, at least 1 million euros (according to the foreign exchange rate of the Russian Central Bank on that day) should be invested in the SAR.

　　　　Administrative organs of special economic zones

　　　　On July 22, 2005, the Russian Special Economic Zone Administration was established in the Russian Ministry of Economic Development and Trade, which is the main institution responsible for the management of Russian special economic zones. The agency directly or through other government departments, as well as local authorities to carry out the management of Russian special economic zones.

　　　　There are 12 bureaus in the Russian Special Economic Zone Administration: Investment Analysis and Prediction Bureau, Industrial Production Special Zone Bureau, Technology Promotion Special Zone Bureau, Tourism Special Zone Bureau, Port Special Zone Bureau, Foreign Investors and International Organizations Bureau, Special Economic Zone Organization and Infrastructure Development Bureau.

　　　　Foreign enterprises wishing to enter the Russian Special Economic Zone for economic cooperation can contact the Bureau of Foreign Investors and International Organizations of the Russian Special Economic Zone Agency, apply to it and get approval.

　　　　The procedures and document requirements for applying for investment and cooperation in Russian special economic zones are very complicated, and the requirements of various types of special zones are different. If China enterprises want to know the details and requirements, they can directly visit the website of the Russian Special Economic Zone Agency.

　　　　The address and telephone number of the Russian Special Economic Zone Agency are: No.18/1, Kaya Riverside Street, Ovchinnikov, Moscow, Russia. Tel: (495)9853178, Fax: (495)9853175, E-mail: rosoez@economy.gov.ru, Russian website: www.rosoez.ru

Editor: Xiu Rongteng

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