Yantai Development Zone Senior Middle School held the ceremony of campus youth adulthood. Photo courtesy of Yantai Education Bureau

　　editorial comment/note

　　In the process of educational reform and development, many typical models have emerged. They have had an important influence and made important contributions in the history of new China’s education development. For many years, they have also been persistent in the journey of educational reform. In order to present these typical new achievements and experiences in further promoting education reform, starting from today, this newspaper will open the column of "70 Years of Magnificence and Typical Return Visit in the New Era of Struggle", and successively publish the typical return visit reports that have been launched by this newspaper, so please pay attention.

　

　　Quality education is an unavoidable topic in contemporary China education. From the early days of reform and opening up, many places have begun to explore hard. In this exploration, Yantai is another unavoidable place.

　　In 1984, the first experimental area of educational reform in China was born in Yantai. In 1990, the State Education Commission identified Yantai as a pilot city for comprehensive urban education reform in China. In 1992, Yantai’s experience in quality education reform attracted much attention, and People’s Daily and China Education News reported it one after another. In September 1997, the national experience exchange meeting of quality education in primary and secondary schools was held in Yantai, which became an advanced model of quality education in China.

　　In the development history of quality education, the pace of Yantai people’s reform has never stopped. For more than 30 years, they have unswervingly implemented quality education and written a rich and colorful stroke.

　　Recently, our reporter went deep into Yantai, Shandong Province for investigation and interview, revisited the forefront and fiery scene of the reform in that year, and analyzed the latest progress of quality education reform, with a view to providing a reference model for the latecomers who promote quality education today with Yantai, the "living fossil" of quality education.

　　From the individual to the whole — —

　　Always take the growth of students as the foundation.

　　Qu Wenteng, a chemistry teacher at Dayao Middle School in Muping District, is very happy in recent years. Because of the appearance of the tutorial case, a teaching pain point that has plagued him for many years has been solved at once: the problem of uneven students’ level — — Some people don’t have enough to eat, and some people can’t eat.

　　The guiding plan adheres to the design principle of few, precise and thoughtful. By designing hierarchical learning objectives, leading questions and corresponding exercises, students with different learning situations can be guided to find their own content and methods. This efficient classroom reform with the guidance plan as the core has been carried out in Dayao Middle School for more than ten years. President Sui Zhengong said that this model is based on respecting students’ differences, aiming at developing students’ differences and cultivating students’ self-learning ability, and its core is student-oriented.

　　Speaking of the concept of differentiated teaching, Sui Zhengong said that this is actually in line with the junior high school quality education reform implemented by Dayao Middle School more than 30 years ago.

　　Back in the 1980s, in order to consolidate the achievements of "Nine-Year General Education" and better implement quality education in junior high schools, Yantai City, starting from the goal of all-round development, lost no time in launching the overall reform plan of "two-for-all, two-for-four reform" with classified guidance and separate teaching as the main ways, with 16 different types of junior high schools such as Dayao Middle School in Muping District, Beima Middle School in Longkou City and Qixia Experimental Middle School taking the lead in "classified guidance".

　　Dayao Middle School at that time was the pioneer of reform. Under the leadership of Li Peizhi, then principal of the school, the school explored and built a junior high school education model of "two parts", which was praised as "the golden key to open junior high school quality education". Subsequently, Dayao Middle School was recognized as "an advanced model of quality education in primary and secondary schools in China" by the State Education Commission and relevant experts. In September 1997, the State Education Commission held a national experience exchange meeting on quality education in primary and secondary schools in Yantai, and Dayao Middle School was selected as a "junior high school" to visit the site.

　　From the individual to the whole, this question, which was once placed in front of Li Peizhi and Sui Zhengong, got a similar answer in line with the spirit of the times under the concept of differentiated teaching.

　　More than 30 years have passed, and the research on differential education has never stopped in Yantai. The research on differential education has become an excellent research project that regional professional researchers and front-line principals and teachers have participated in and adhered to for 23 years. More than 1,000 experimental teachers from 212 experimental schools have participated in the project experiment. The research achievement won the second prize of provincial basic education teaching achievement twice in a row.

　　Focusing on the all-round development of students, the student-oriented curriculum reform is being continuously and comprehensively promoted in Yantai. At present, differentiated teaching has been extended to all disciplines and all aspects of school work, and different students have obtained development paths suitable for their own growth here.

　　From result to process — —

　　Always take evaluation reform as the guide.

　　Sports and art are a happy thing in Laizhou bilingual school. This is the goal that President Zhao Fuqing has been pursuing for many years. "I just want to make sports and art change from passive to conscious, from task to interest, and from result to process."

　　In order to achieve this goal, the school has set up a set of evaluation system of physical arts based on process evaluation, such as classroom observers, nine-day sports meeting, home sports homework, sports cooperation teaching, and the evaluation scheme of "physical fitness+skills" & HELIP; …

　　The sports meeting of Laizhou Bilingual School lasts for 9 days, from class to department and then to the whole school. Everyone is an athlete and everyone can get evaluation. During holidays, with the participation of parents, students have to complete a physical exercise every day; In the classroom, evaluation is divided into teacher evaluation and student evaluation, and student evaluation evaluates and summarizes the performance of each group by classroom observers in each class … …

　　Zhao Fuqing, who has been teaching for many years, has participated in and experienced the quality education reform in Yantai for many years. In his view, Yantai’s sports and arts reform comes down in one continuous line.

　　After the resumption of the college entrance examination in 1977, Yantai’s enrollment rate has been among the best in Shandong Province, and people used to be proud of it. Later, in order to pursue the enrollment rate, some schools began to take further studies as the baton and cut off the courses of music, physical education and beauty.

　　The reform of quality education in Yantai begins with the reform of examination system and evaluation system. First of all, the reform of the 100-point system was abolished in primary schools, and the evaluation method of "grade+specialty+comment" was implemented to liberate primary school students from the weight of scores. All subjects in primary schools are assessed by sub-items, and rated according to four grades: excellent, good, passing and failing. The assessment will be carried out by combining the daily examination with the comprehensive examination.

　　Looking back on the past, how similar this is. Since 2012, Yantai Education Bureau has studied and put forward the idea of school physical education reform of "scientific research leading, administrative promotion, point-to-area and regional promotion", taking the lead in establishing the development concept of "healthy sports, scientific sports and all-round sports" in the country. After more than six years of exploration and practice, the city’s education system has gradually established a five-in-one school physical education reform system of "complete guarantee, curriculum optimization, training promotion, competition guidance and standard guidance", laying a solid foundation for students’ lifelong physical education.

　　From the baton focusing on results to the evaluation system focusing on process, Yantai quality education has blossomed in various campuses. On the campus of Penglai No.2 Experimental Primary School, the hall of the teaching building has become a stage for students to display, and the most conspicuous wall is reserved for the "one-star" students who perform best every month. Even the piano in the corner has become a stage for students to compete for display, and the campus is full of students’ cheers and smiling faces. At the Second Experimental Primary School in Muping District, every day at noon, the reading forum starts on time and persists every day, rain or shine. This normalized speech activity has cultivated students’ confidence and ability to speak and express in front of everyone.

　　From school to society — —

　　Always aim at all-round development.

　　For students living in Yantai, social practice is a necessary action to participate in and complete with their parents.

　　Since the summer of 2013, Yantai has organized and guided students and parents to participate in the social practice activities of "practice base group, social big classroom" in the city by means of "parents’ full participation and timely guidance from the school", and entered social venues such as museums, nuclear power plants and air forces that are open to primary and secondary school students free of charge.

　　After more than six years, Yantai has gradually established a comprehensive practical activity curriculum system with the theme of "ideal moral construction, vocational skills training, scientific exploration and innovation, and comprehensive quality improvement" and the characteristics of "school+base group". Up to now, Yantai has built 33 municipal social practice listing bases, 139 county-level listing bases and 560 school-level listing bases, and the characteristic practice education base group of primary and secondary schools has begun to take shape.

　　The comprehensive practical curriculum system in full swing is just one of the two wings of the new regional integrated moral education curriculum system that Yantai has continuously promoted in recent years. On the whole, Yantai’s framework is a new framework of "one subject and two wings" regional integrated moral education curriculum, which focuses on subject moral education curriculum and takes traditional culture curriculum and practical activity curriculum as two wings.

　　"The outstanding feature of the new system of Yantai regional integration moral education curriculum is three combinations." Xu Jianmin, director of Yantai Education Bureau, introduced that the combination of administrative decision-making and scientific research guidance, inheritance and innovation and development, and school, family and social education should be adhered to.

　　Since it was established as a national experimental area for educational reform in 1984, Yantai has made rich experience and achievements in the field of moral education reform in primary and secondary schools while deepening the reform of quality education. On the one hand, Yantai organically integrates the scattered experience of a single point, and then grasps the point and gives full play to the role of demonstration radiation; On the other hand, based on the new situation and requirements of moral education and the new situation and problems of school moral education reform and development, the classic educational wisdom is organically integrated into the brand-new moral education practice.

　　After three years of exploration and practice, the reform and development of integrated moral education curriculum in Yantai city is in good condition. Five schools in the city have been rated as national excellent Chinese traditional culture demonstration schools, and the moral education courses of more than 130 schools have become gold medals in their respective districts and cities, becoming the "favorite" for school principals and teachers in the city and the region to watch and learn.

　　Walking into the second experimental primary school in Muping District, I was just catching up with an "apricot" thing at school: picking apricots. In the school’s "pocket garden" and dozens of apricot trees near the courtyard wall, golden and full apricots are ripe. The students excitedly and carefully picked the apricots they planted one by one.

　　President Jiang Yuemei introduced that in order to provide students with sufficient practice space and create opportunities for "working all the time", the school has carried out four aspects of work: developing "pocket vegetable garden" and building a labor platform; Scientific planting management to improve labor quality; Carry out research study to enhance labor skills; Take advantage of the charity sale and feel the meaning of labor. It is worth mentioning that according to the solar terms, the school compiled the school-based textbook "Follow the solar terms", and these "small farmers" followed the solar terms textbook to carry out inquiry learning and research.

　　In 2017, the integrated observation and exchange activities of moral education courses in primary and secondary schools in Shandong Province were held in Yantai, which was highly praised by the Provincial Department of Education and peers in the province. In 2018, the results of the integrated reform of Yantai moral education curriculum won the second prize of the provincial basic education teaching achievements.

　　From Method to Theory — —

　　Always guided by education and scientific research.

　　Under the observation and discussion of more than 600 people in two days, Yin Shaoping, the principal of Zhaoyuan Experimental Primary School, has a deeper and broader understanding of the "12xue internet plus Teaching Characteristic Model" that she insists on, and at the same time, she has strengthened her confidence in going on. In November 2018, the "Yantai Education and Scientific Research Tour" series of activities was held in Zhaoyuan, Yantai. More than 600 people from all the staff, principals of primary and secondary schools and key teachers of all counties and cities participated in the activities.

　　"This session is ‘ A trip to education and scientific research ’ The ninth stop. " Guan Xiji, Dean of Yantai Academy of Educational Sciences, said that this activity was started in 2010 in Yantai, and it entered a county every year. The number of participants exceeded 1,000 for many years. The content of the activity deepened year by year, and the coverage continued to expand. A large number of advanced units and outstanding teachers emerged with this platform, forming a core brand in the field of regional education and scientific research.

　　"Yantai’s quality education reform has always had an important principle — — Guided by scientific research. " Guan Xiji hit home.

　　Xu Jianmin put forward the basic requirements of "improving our work with research spirit, research thinking, research methods and research standards, taking research as a way of work and becoming the level of work we pursue", and "promoting educational research with administrative power and carrying out educational administration with research spirit".

　　It is under the guidance of research spirit that Yantai can break through the primary stage of finding solutions to practical problems and transform and refine various reforms into scientific tools and even theories in time. According to statistics, in 2016, the first outstanding achievements in educational science research in Shandong Province were selected, and Yantai ranked first in the province in terms of the number of awards, the passing rate and the fields involved; In 2017, the number, passing rate and categories involved in the annual project of the 13 th Five-Year Plan for Education Science in Shandong Province ranked first in the province; In 2018, the province’s basic education teaching achievement award passed the second place in the province; In 2019, the passing rate of basic education and teaching reform projects in Shandong Province once again ranked first in the province.

　　Thirty years of hard work. In the late 1980s, for a long time after the resumption of the college entrance examination, students, parents, schools and society were all pursuing the enrollment rate, and there were many calls for reform, and all localities explored ways to promote students’ all-round development. The quality education reform in Yantai is just the right time.

　　From "cancel the percentage system and implement ‘ Grade+specialty+comment ’ The evaluation method, liberating primary school students from the weight of scores ",to" implementing ‘ Classification guidance ’ , implemented in the graduation grade ‘ Diversion education ’ , don’t have to hordes to squeeze ‘ A wooden bridge ’ " Finally, to "reform the enrollment system of senior high school entrance examination, link the enrollment quota of senior high schools and technical secondary schools with the conditions and level of running schools in towns and villages, and turn the competition for further education into the competition for running schools" … …

　　In 1997, the national experience exchange meeting on quality education in primary and secondary schools was held in Yantai. The meeting not only summed up the experience, but also made a comprehensive plan and deployment for the implementation of quality education throughout the country. This marks that the reform of quality education in China has entered the stage of national reform from regional experiment.

　　Yantai contributed a lot.

　　Now, when you walk into Yantai, you will find that learning has become a happy and fulfilling thing. Students with comprehensive qualities have made great achievements in the college entrance examination and talented people have emerged in large numbers. Walking into Yantai, you will find that the implementation of quality education is no longer a slogan, but a real action by governments, schools and teachers at all levels; Walking into Yantai, you will find that the strategic vision and great courage of the pioneers of reform have been inherited in the same strain, and the motivation for reform has not diminished.

　　Yantai, always on the road … …

　　Our reporter Yan Yuekun Zhang Shenghua correspondent Lu Peng

CCTV News:According to the National Development and Reform Commission’s WeChat WeChat official account news, in order to implement the relevant requirements of the Announcement on Curbing "Sky-high-priced moon cakes and promoting the healthy development of the industry" (hereinafter referred to as the Announcement), recently, local development and reform departments have acted quickly, and together with the departments of industry and information technology, commerce and market supervision, they have continued to carry out policy publicity, market inspections, reminders and warnings, and urged rectification to resolutely curb "sky-high-priced moon cakes".

The first is to strengthen policy publicity. Shanghai carried out multi-channel publicity on moon cake market supervision policies, held a publicity meeting on key enterprise policies, and publicized the requirements of the Announcement to nearly 300 member units through industry associations. Shanxi Province strengthened the publicity and interpretation of relevant policies and organized moon cake production enterprises to hold quality and safety commitment activities. Jilin Province deployed key cities to strengthen the policy propaganda, supervision and guidance for moon cake sales enterprises, and made clear the relevant requirements.

The second is to strengthen market inspections. Beijing conducts inspections of the moon cake market throughout the city, and arranges special personnel to regularly monitor the sales price of moon cakes on online platforms. Chongqing selected more than 80 hotels, restaurants, supermarkets, etc. as price monitoring points to continuously monitor the market price of moon cakes. Tianjin has stepped up market inspections, and handed over some clues found in supermarkets and specialty stores about mooncake gift boxes whose unit price exceeds that of 500 yuan, as well as tying mooncakes with tea and liquor, to relevant departments for verification and investigation.

The third is to remind and warn in time. Jiangsu Province has launched a special rectification campaign on the problems of "sky-high" moon cakes and over-packaging of commodities, conducted special inspections on the whole process of production, processing and sales of moon cakes, and reminded relevant operators of policies by means of letters and interviews, urging operators to fulfill their price commitments and do a good job in price self-discipline. Shandong Province issued a reminder letter to the operators on the spot during the market inspection, prompting the behavior that violated the relevant requirements of the Announcement. Anhui Province organized relevant chambers of commerce and associations to hold a reminder meeting to give play to the guiding role of the industry and urge operators to consciously abide by the Announcement and relevant regulations.

The fourth is to strictly urge rectification. In response to media reports that some hotels were suspected of tying mooncake gift boxes, Fujian Province set up a law enforcement investigation team to conduct on-the-spot inspections at the hotels involved, and urged them to remove relevant products and advertisements, and make rectification as required. Hainan Province organized surprise inspections on catering enterprises, high-end hotels and large supermarkets selling moon cakes, focusing on checking whether the packaging meets the mandatory provisions in national standards, and whether there are any illegal acts such as mixing other commodities, exceeding the number of packaging layers, packaging with precious metals and mahogany materials, and exceeding the packaging cost. Guangdong Province and Shandong Province have investigated the boxed moon cakes whose unit price exceeds that of 500 yuan, and have urged merchants to remove some of them that do not meet the regulatory requirements.

On January 22nd, the State Council Press Office held a routine briefing on the policy of "Opinions on Developing Silver-haired Economy to Improve the Well-being of the Elderly". He Yaqiong, Director of the Consumer Goods Industry Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, attended the briefing, focusing on how to make full use of digital technology to empower the silver-haired economy and facilitate the lives of the elderly, and how to go further.Questions such as enriching the supply of articles and services for the elderly answered questions from reporters.

　　He Yaqiong said that digital technology has been deeply integrated into people’s production and life, but the elderly have low acceptance of digital products and services, inconvenient use and small fonts. In response to these pain points, as the competent department of the industry, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology continues to innovate, constantly improve the means of digital empowerment, break the "digital divide" of the elderly, and truly let the elderly have a real sense of gain, happiness and security in using digital technology.

One isCultivate and expand the smart and healthy pension industry.The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will focus on the Internet+medical health, smart nursing homes, smart communities and other scenarios, and continue to carry out pilot demonstration selection and dynamic management of smart health pension applications with relevant departments. Up to now, 199 demonstration enterprises, 293 demonstration streets, 80 demonstration bases and 3 demonstration parks have been established. For example, the street care service center can realize real-time analysis and timely warning of the living conditions and physical conditions of the elderly through smart wearable devices and smart home devices, and provide more effective and accurate door-to-door services, which is a great boon to the elderly who are alone at home. In addition, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has published three editions of the Catalogue for the Promotion of Smart, Healthy and Aged Care Products and Services to encourage enterprises to develop and promote products and services suitable for the elderly. For example, physical indicators monitors, remote service platforms for chronic diseases, etc., are all smart and healthy products and services urgently needed by the elderly.

The second is to solve the application problems of digital products and services for the elderly.The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued and implemented the "Work Plan for Promoting the Aging and High-quality Development of Digital Technology", organized special actions to complete the transformation of 2,577 websites and mobile apps commonly used by the elderly, and optimized and upgraded some unique functions such as "Elder Mode", voice search and the elderly area. The first batch of outstanding cases of aging transformation of 44 websites and mobile apps were identified, and a number of new functions and services such as artificial intelligence digital salespersons, 5G video customer service and intelligent news listening were promoted to be applied online. In addition, we will guide telecom enterprises to constantly improve their service methods, and launch warm-hearted services such as special seats for the elderly, door-to-door handling, and customized bills. The online "one-click incoming manual customer service" dedicated line for respecting the elderly has accumulated more than 300 million people. In addition, we have organized the formulation of aging standards for mobile terminals, smart TVs and other products, and promoted the aging transformation of more than 140 million domestic smart phones and smart TVs.

The third is to increase the publicity of digital help for the elderly.Give full play to the role of the Internet platform, make simple, clear, easy-to-understand and interesting intelligent technology teaching videos and public service publicity short films, and strengthen publicity through online "micro-classroom" and "live broadcast activities". Use important nodes such as World Telecommunication Day and Chung Yeung Festival to guide relevant enterprises to enter nursing homes and universities for the elderly, and go to the elderly, focus on displaying some aging-suitable transformation achievements, and carry out more than 200,000 intelligent activities for the elderly in various forms and rich contents, such as "I will teach you how to use your mobile phone", and provide exclusive warm-hearted services for the elderly "face to face" and "one to one", with more than 5 million service people. All kinds of service activities that the elderly love to see and hear truly "go to the online media on the wall, enter the home, enter the hospital and enter the community", so that the elderly can truly feel the temperature of digital achievements.

He Yaqiong said that in the next step, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will further guide production enterprises, telecommunications enterprises, Internet service providers, etc., and integrate more care for the elderly into products and services, so that the elderly can better enjoy the convenience brought by digital technology.

With the gradual deepening of China’s aging population and the improvement of people’s living standards, the consumption demand of the elderly has become more multi-level and diversified. According to statistics, in 2023, the scale of China’s elderly products market reached 5 trillion yuan, and the types and quantities of products also had a certain scale.

In this regard, He Yaqiong said at the briefing that the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has guided the majority of production enterprises to thoroughly implement the "three-product strategy" of the consumer goods industry, and made great efforts to improve the variety richness, quality satisfaction and brand recognition of the elderly products, and strive to make the elderly buy with confidence, eat with peace of mind and use comfortably.

First, increase the supply of high-quality old-age products.First, two batches of promotion catalogues of products for the elderly have been published successively.It mainly focuses on 631 high-quality products such as clothing for the elderly, accompanying robots, intelligent monitors and multifunctional nursing beds. For example, aiming at the problem that it is inconvenient for the elderly to get up in bed, we have developed a multifunctional nursing bed, which can realize the function of turning around and getting up with one button, and the elderly can operate alone in bed, effectively improving the quality of life.Second, nine batches of guidelines for upgrading and innovating consumer goods have been compiled successively.We have increased the inclination of articles for the elderly and promoted a number of innovative products that are very suitable for the needs of the elderly. For example, innovative and upgraded home products such as smart toilets and automatic temperature control cookers.Third, encourage and support local governments to cultivate traditional superior food producing areas and specialty food industries.In particular, the supply of food for the elderly and special foods has been increased. Nutritional diets and health foods such as high calcium milk powder and vitamin and mineral tablets effectively meet the nutritional needs of the elderly.

Secondly, do everything possible to improve quality and excellent service. The first is to expand channels.Cultivate exhibitions and expositions of articles for the elderly, so that more elderly people can find high-quality articles for the elderly, carry out consumption activities of filial piety and love for the elderly, and launch hundreds of millions of articles for the elderly covering different scenes and different consumption needs every year. For example, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Ministry of Civil Affairs jointly launched the fourth "Filial Piety and Love for the Elderly Shopping Festival" to guide the e-commerce platform to seize the "Double Ninth Festival", a traditional festival to respect the elderly, and actively provide a variety of high-quality goods such as clothing, household products and food for the elderly to benefit the elderly. According to statistics, in 2023, the sales of home-aged products tripled year-on-year.The second is to strengthen standard guidance.Establish and improve the standard system of articles for the elderly. Priority has been given to the release of a number of national and industrial standards such as General Technical Requirements for Household Appliances Suitable for the Elderly, General Technical Requirements for Furniture in Apartment for the Elderly and Shoes for the Elderly in the fields of household appliances, furniture and shoemaking, which put forward requirements for enterprises in terms of product quality specifications.The third is to adhere to people-oriented in work.Pay attention to the temperature and love of service, and guide enterprises to provide high-quality and applicable services for different scenarios and high-quality needs of the elderly. Through joint efforts, the development of the silver-haired economy will certainly reach a new level.

　　With the continuous development of intelligent technology and the continuous expansion of its influence, media information dissemination, film and television industry upgrading and international cultural exchanges are all facing new development space and opportunities.How to recognize the current coordinate system and locate the future development strategy?The demand for ideological collision and practical communication is increasingly urgent.

　　The 2021 China International Intelligent Communication Forum, which just ended in Wuxi, looks forward to the future development of intelligent communication with its inspiring topic and gold content.

2021 China International Intelligent Communication Forum Opening Ceremony and Main Forum Site

　　Recently, jointly sponsored by the Central Radio and Television General Station and the People’s Government of Jiangsu Province2021 China International Intelligent Communication Forum ended in Wuxi.Vice Minister Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China, Director and Editor-in-Chief of the Central Radio and Television General Station, Shen Haixiong, Deputy Secretary of jiangsu provincial party committee and Governor Wu Zhenglong attended the opening ceremony of the forum and delivered speeches. Zhang Aijun, member of the Standing Committee of jiangsu provincial party committee and Minister of Propaganda Department, Peng Jianming, member of the editorial meeting of the Central Radio and Television General Station and general manager of the general manager’s office, and Chen Jiangang, secretary general of Jiangsu Provincial People’s Government, attended the meeting.

　　Around "New age zhi spread"Theme, this forum brings together experts and scholars in the field of intelligent communication at home and abroad and leading figures from all walks of life. Through an opening ceremony, a main forum and three sub-forums, a large number of exclusive opinions and innovative wisdom are stirred up.

　　Look to the future

　　All-media and videoization outline a new development prospect

　　In the era of Internet of Everything, it is particularly critical for intelligent technology to open up a new communication scene and realize the leap of communication mode. At this forum, many experts, scholars and business representatives looked forward to the future communication prospect.

　　Song Jianwu, a professor at the School of Journalism of Renmin University of China and a member of the Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Media Integration Expert Group, is "‘ Remodeling and Construction ’ The development of cultural industry in the era of intelligent mediaSpeech at the sub-forum on "Intellectual Industry" with the theme of "Intellectual Industry".

　　He pointed out that the all-media communication system is a system built on the basis of modern information technology with the Internet as the core. Holography means the application of the latest technology; All employees and all effects are the characteristics of the future media industry and the new characteristics of the future social interaction or communication relationship based on the Internet.

　　Professor, School of Journalism, Renmin University of China

　　Song Jianwu, member of Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Media Integration Expert Group

　　Deliver a keynote speech

　　Song Jianwu also put forward his own judgment on the future media form: "In the future, there will be an all-media communication system based on community media integration, with regional media integration platform as the skeleton and national media platform as the leading factor. This system will inevitably lead to the situation that the media at all levels will get through vertically and the county-level media center will get through the localized resources horizontally."

　　Song Jianwu also said that the future media industry may play a greater role in the operation of urban brain, because urban brain will be the data collection and operation center of future society. "We also see that the leading media groups have entered this field.The media should be the hub of society by nature, especially the platform media as the ruling tool of the party and the government, which must stand in the center of the stage.Therefore, we believe that in the future, the media industry will be more useful in the operation of the new center of society (urban brain). "

　　At the same time, many guests expressed their full expectations for the media to be further "videoized". Rui Chen, Chairman and CEO of Billie Billie, said in his keynote speech at the main forum that all future creative forms will be embedded in video expression. "Video is not only the most natural medium, but also the most friendly medium for the audience.In the next three years or five years, the number of video users in China will reach 1.2 billion. On that day, our content industry has also changed."

　　Rui Chen, Chairman and CEO.

　　Deliver a keynote speech

　　Zhang Zhian, a professor at the School of Communication and Design of Sun Yat-sen University who attended the sub-forum on "Smart Industry", continued to be optimistic about the development prospects of short videos in the 5G era. He made three predictions about this: "The short video platform is expected to become the social infrastructure like the link platform and consumption platform like WeChat and Taobao.; Short video platform will make link live broadcast and e-commerce become common application scenarios, and different application scenarios need to be further developed; The short video platform makes video socialization possible, and the social function will surpass the entertainment function to facilitate people’s convenient communication. In addition, Zhang Zhian stressed that the development of short video should improve the safety factor in data and content.

　　Value guidance

　　Carrying forward mainstream values and practicing social responsibility has become a consensus.

　　Using data to empower the industry and strengthen the application of algorithms to reach users more accurately has become the development direction of the intelligent media era. However, "algorithm" is not a simple technical tool. With its wide application and deepening influence, many related issues have risen to the value level. Some of the guests expressed their views on this from their own perspectives.

　　In the topic "‘ The era of intelligent media, integration and innovation ’ At the "Smart Technology" sub-forum of "New Technology Empowers the Integration and Development of Smart Media", Mei Jianping, executive deputy director of the State Key Laboratory of Ultra HD Audio Production and Broadcasting of the Technical Bureau of the Central Radio and Television General Station, said,The "main station algorithm" that the main station is trying to build will become a powerful engine to help the deep integration and development of media.

　　"No matter what kind of recommendation logic, the most advanced algorithm technology will always be the basic support to lead the future information distribution. At the same time, we will transform the orientation of mainstream values such as our guiding power, communication power and influence into calculable factors and integrate them into the algorithm." Mei Jianping said.

　　Central Radio and Television General Station Technology Bureau

　　State key laboratory of ultra-high definition audio production and broadcast presentation

　　Mei Jianping, executive deputy director, delivered a keynote speech

　　While the commercial internet platform finds the breakthrough point of algorithm technology innovation in the tide of intelligent media, it should be more alert to possible false information, privacy security and other issues.

　　To this end, Cao Guowei, chairman and CEO of Sina and chairman of Weibo, said,In the era of intelligent communication, we should always be afraid of the growing influence of the platform, strike a balance between the commercial attributes and social attributes of the platform, actively explore ways to strengthen platform governance and assume social responsibilities.

　　Chairman and CEO of Sina

　　Cao Guowei, Chairman of Weibo delivered a keynote speech.

　　In Cao Guowei’s view, Weibo covers hundreds of millions of users and has a strong platform influence and communication power. Therefore, Weibo regards promoting the main theme and transmitting positive social energy as an important part of its platform to practice social responsibility.

　　Cao Guowei said: "Weibo has recognized the new problems brought by social media platforms from a very early age, and put platform governance and social responsibility at the core of enterprise development." The platform should raise risk awareness, strengthen technical means, and comprehensively protect data security and user privacy. Cao Guowei said that this is an important part of the platform’s practice of social responsibility.

　　In the face of the flood of false information, Cao Guowei suggested strengthening the main responsibility of the platform, creating a clear Weibo space, actively expanding the mainstream voice, and doing a good job in dispelling false information.

　　As an Internet platform with a large audience and traffic scale, bilibili is also actively practicing the integration and guidance of mainstream values, which has a subtle influence on the vast number of young people. In his speech, Rui Chen emphasized the positive role that Internet websites should play in promoting the main theme and positive energy.

　　In recent years, bilibili has taken the initiative to strengthen cooperation with mainstream media. In terms of channel cooperation, CCTV News stayed in bilibili in 2019. At present, the number of fans exceeds 6 million, making it one of the most popular mainstream media accounts in bilibili. In terms of content cooperation, in 2020, bilibili and CCTV cooperated to produce a large-scale panoramic live broadcast program "Wuhan Recovery", and invited a group of bilibili UP owners to conduct aerial live broadcast, leading the audience to witness the long-lost "fireworks" in Wuhan, which also fully activated the potential of folk UGC and deeply demonstrated the two-way interaction in the Internet age.

　　Huang Chuxin, deputy director and secretary general of the New Media Research Center of China Academy of Social Sciences, said in the round-table dialogue of the sub-forum:How to balance content and technology, on the one hand, tests the information recipients, on the other hand, it also tests the media practitioners.From the perspective of government and society, it is necessary to standardize and refine laws, regulations and system construction.

　　Industrial practice

　　Technology Empowers Full Link Upgrade of Film and Television Industry

　　From the single-point achievement of intellectual media that made people shine at first, to the realization of covering the overall situation of communication system and even profoundly affecting industrial development, the application of intellectual media has surpassed the technical level and empowered thousands of industries.

　　Wuxi, the venue of this forum, has achieved fruitful results in information technology, Internet of Things and digital film industry in recent years.It has the only national digital film industrial park in China, and has initially formed a cultural industry development pattern represented by film and television media, cultural tourism and digital creativity.

　　The development of Wuxi is a typical epitome of China’s film and television and cultural industries. With the increasing penetration of emerging technologies into the film and television industry, the connection between film and television production and viewing experience will be further upgraded to help."Movie Power" is moving towards "Movie Power".

　　wuxi national digital film industry park

　　At the forefront of the industry, Zhang Wenlin, president of Huawei’s strategy department, delivered a keynote speech at the main forum focusing on how digital technology can promote the upgrading of the film and television industry. Zhang Wenlin believes that "all kinds of technological breakthroughs, business innovation and business model exploration will eventually lead to chemical reactions in the industry and stimulate the cluster effect, which needs to be implemented."

　　Zhang Wenlin, President of Huawei’s Strategy Department

　　Deliver a keynote speech

　　Zhang Wenlin put forward his own views on several hot applications of smart media:Ultra HD is accelerating, consolidating the 4K industry and accelerating the move to 8K; The improvement of AI production efficiency will run through the whole process of video production, and digital people are also coming out; For the penetration and application of 5G, Zhang Wenlin believes that 5G access not only brings cost savings at the shooting end, but also brings the expansion of live scenes.

　　Huang Qunfei, executive deputy general manager of Huaxia Film Distribution Co., Ltd. also mentioned the upgrading and transformation of the whole chain of the film industry by the exploration of smart media technology. "It is precisely because of the Internet that TV programs, especially cultural performances, concerts and ball games, can enter the cinema, enriching the content of the cinema; The application of holographic immersion fusion enriches the form of film and television products; Big data analysis will significantly enhance the ability of film distribution, and can customize production and precise push, so that film distribution can be personalized and differentiated. " Huang Qunfei said.

　　Huaxia Film Distribution Co.,Ltd

　　Executive Deputy General Manager Huang Qunfei delivered a keynote speech.

　　For the film industry in the era of intelligent communication, Huang Qunfei proposed three directions for future exploration:First, focusing on virtual production, promoting the integration of technology and film and television.By linking the scientific community and the film industry to build an exchange and cooperation platform, lead the production of China blockbusters;The second is to provide on-demand services for film and television production based on cloud computing technology., collecting data for video editing, image design, animation production and other services;The third is to develop immersive cinemas.Combining high-resolution stereo projection technology, three-dimensional computer graphics technology and audio-visual technology, a completely immersive virtual environment is created, and an audio-visual feast is performed by immersing in the cinema.

　　In addition, this forum also held "Intellectual culture, mutual learning of civilizations and cultural communication"Sub-forum, to discuss how to use intelligent means to stimulate cultural innovation, promote cultural exchanges between different countries, and constantly expand the" circle of friends "of international communication. The foreign guests at the meeting held in-depth discussions on the commonness of Chinese and foreign life and culture, cross-cultural communication and communication based on social media.

　　Conclusion:

　　China International Intelligent Communication Forum 2021 is a brand activity of cross-border integration in the field of national intelligent communication. By building an international communication platform,Discussion on technology application, industrial integration, cultural exchange, social responsibility and humanistic care in the era of intelligent communication.Frontier issues will help to further build consensus and jointly promote the high-quality development of the global intelligent communication industry.

　　The infinite future of intelligent communication comes from the continuous deepening of thinking and the large-scale development of innovative practice. China International Intelligent Communication Forum 2021 provides a channel for practitioners to ask about the future, and sincerely expects that the forum will contribute more and more exciting content next year.

　 　1905 movie network news　Directed by Peng Fa, the Hong Kong Peng brothers, written by Lei Zhilong, and starring Fox Xia and Jiao Xu, the youth love movie "Seventeen Years Old Will Hurt" held a launch conference in Zhuhai on May 14th. On that day, male and female leading actors Fox Xia, Jiao Xu, Luno and director Peng Fa attended the event, and the press conference revealed that Taiwan Province pop king Wang Leehom and Hong Kong popular idol Asa Charlene Choi would be invited to join us.

　 　 The poster released on the day of "seventeen years old who will hurt" is full of campus atmosphere. The names of the main characters on the blackboard and the cartoons flying all over the sky seem to bring people back to the lush campus. The film plays "Dream to quench thirst, youth to relieve pain", which combines inspirational and secondary culture, and the positive energy is bursting.

Hong Kong’s "ghost" talent director Peng Fa made a breakthrough in directing the youth love movie "Seventeen Years Old" for the first time.

　 　 Peng Brothers’ film series is popular in international film circles, especially director Peng Fa, who has won the award of film editing for many times. From the Hong Kong Golden Award, the Taiwan Golden Horse Award, the Toronto Film Festival in Canada and the Thailand Film Festival, they have all received high recognition and evaluation. Director Peng Fa has directed other films before, and won the Best Editing Award in the 18th Hong Kong Film Awards. Seventeen years old is the first time that Peng Fa directed a film with the theme of youth love. At the press conference, he said that he must make a different youth film and use pictures to explain the best youth story to everyone.

　 　 Producer Tang Shuning said on the spot that he was very much looking forward to Peng’s youth film. Choosing Peng Fa to direct this film is precisely because of the director’s unique understanding of youth films. I believe that the director will definitely subvert the inherent mode of domestic youth films and create a real Chinese youth film with his unique vision and splicing of pictures. At the same time, the producer Tang Shuning has high hopes for the film, and bluntly said that the box office will definitely exceed 300 million. He hoped that "Seventeen Years of Pain" would not only be recognized by the market, but also become a cornerstone of the rise of Ningbo movies.

Jiao Xu and Fox Xia joined hands to perform the second element of youth, and staged the pursuit of school scum.

　 　 Seventeen-year-old Who Will Hurt is a movie with the theme of youth love again by Hu Xia. The role has maintained the simple and warm style in the past. When Fox Xia talked about this film at the press conference, he was very much looking forward to cooperating with Jiao Xu and laughed that he grew up watching Jiao Xu’s works. In the film, Fox Xia plays a super schoolmaster, whose life begins to change under the strong attack of a school girl, and they play a funny and inspirational story of youth. At the same time, this year, Fox Xia will not only perform the leading role of "Seventeen Years Old Who Will Hurt", but also publish a new album for those who haven’t had any new works for a long time. Fox Xia even said that he is very much looking forward to singing the theme song of the movie, so we can wait and see.

　 　 Jiao Xu, as a star girl, has been making a lot of movies since her debut. From her little boy and her uniformed sister to the thriller film "The Old House of Psyche VI" co-directed by Peng Fa, Jiao Xu’s performance has always made people feel bright. This time, I joined hands with director Peng Fa again to play the first heroine and perform romantic love. At the press conference, Jiao Xu was dressed in a plaid short skirt and two ponytail comic books were girly, which was very consistent with the heroine image of the film. Producers even admitted that the script was created with reference to the images of Jiao Xu and Fox Xia at the beginning of its creation, and it is expected that Xueba senior will encounter a second-generation girl who has a great brain hole and does things with great efficiency. Jiao Xu and director Peng Fajun both said that working together again is a familiar, fresh, intense and sweet experience, and everyone is looking forward to the final result.

Wang Leehom, the king of music creation, joined hands with Asa to support Director Peng.

　 　 Peng Fa, the final director of the conference, revealed that the film will be joined by King Wang Leehom and Queen Asa, and the atmosphere at the scene is high. Since 2013, Wang Leehom has been absent from the mainland big screen. Although he has also participated in Hollywood blockbusters, he has never been able to meet the mainland audience. At the invitation of director Peng Fa, he specially starred in this youth love movie. Apart from the script role Wang Leehom’s expectation, his role modeling is sure to make fans excited. Ah sa (Charlene Choi) has always been a pure and lovely image. Playing Jiao Xu’s teacher in this film is the strong backing of Jiao Xu’s road to dreams. The dedication of two idol superstars will surely set off the audience’s youthful nostalgia.

　 　 According to Chien Sun, the chief producer of the drama, the film "Seventeen Years Old Will Hurt" will be released nationwide in the summer of 2017, which will break the usual pattern of domestic youth films and tell the youth stories of young people from the perspective of young people.

Tara rhea disaster all Boss summoning method, this article brings all boss summoning methods for everyone. For example, fungus crabs can summon arthropod spores in luminous mushroom biota, and King Skeleton can summon King Skeleton again by killing the clothing dealer at night, equipped with clothing dealer voodoo doll. Let’s take a look at more boss summoning strategies.

A collection of disaster-stricken boss summoning raiders

First, the meat mountain challenges the boss

1. King Slim

1. Use the Crown of slime to summon actively.

2. Or appear after killing 150 (75 if it has been killed) slime in the slime rain incident.

3. Small probability is generated naturally in the outer third of the map.

2. Desert pests

Calling mode:

It will not be generated by itself, and players need to use desert pendants to summon it in the desert or underground desert.

3. The Eye of Cthulhu

1. Use suspicious eyeballs to actively summon.

2. Once the player has 200 or more HP, 3 or more NPCs living in the house, and the defense force exceeds 10, there is a 1/3 (33.33%) chance to generate it at the beginning of every night. Until we beat it for the first time.

4, bacteria crab

Calling mode:

Will not generate itself, you can use arthropod spore call in luminous mushroom biome.

5. The world devours the monster/Cthulhu’s brain

Calling mode:

1. Use worm bait/bloody spine active summoning in corrupt/scarlet land.

2. After breaking the shadow bead/scarlet heart of three corrupt/scarlet places, it appears.

6, rotten nest will/flesh and blood host

Calling mode:

1. Call with malformed tumor/blood worm bait in rotten/scarlet land.

2. Break some corruption/flesh and blood sacs distributed on the rotten/scarlet land to summon.

7. Queen Bee

Calling mode:

1. Use hate bees to call in the jungle.

2. Appear after breaking the larvae of the underground jungle hive.

8. Skull King

Calling mode:

1. Talk to the old NPC at the entrance of the dungeon at night and activate his curse to summon it.

2. At night, if you kill the clothing dealer with the clothing dealer voodoo doll, you can summon the Skull King again.

9. God of slime

Calling mode:

It won’t be generated by itself, and players need to use overloaded silt to summon it.

10, flesh and blood wall (meat mountain)

Calling mode:

When the guide is alive, throw the guide voodoo doll into the lava pool to summon him.

Second, after the meat mountain challenge boss order is as follows

11. Spirit of the Polar Region

Calling mode:

It won’t be generated by itself, and players need to use the extremely cold key to summon it in the snowy biome.

12. Gemini magic eye

Calling mode:

Will not generate by itself, need to use mechanical magic eye to summon at night.

13, deep sea pests

Calling mode:

There is a very low chance that it will be naturally generated in the sulfur sea environment. Of course, you can also use seafood bait to summon it directly.

14. Destroyer

Calling mode:

Will not generate itself, need to use mechanical worms to summon at night.

15, sulfur fire element

Calling mode:

It won’t be generated by itself, and players need to summon it with coke dolls on the cliff of sulfur fire.

16. Mechanical Skull King

Calling mode:

Will not generate by itself, need to use mechanical skull to summon at night.

17. Eye of Disaster

Calling mode:

It won’t be generated by itself, and players need to summon it with barren eyes at night.

18. Flower of the Century

Calling mode:

After defeating three mechanical Boss, you can find the flower bulb of the century in the underground jungle, and destroy it to summon her.

19. Anahita and Leviathan

Summoning method: what is the name of killing at the bottom of the sea? ? ? After the creature appeared.

20. White Venus Ship

Calling mode:

Summon with starlight fragments at night in the starlight plague biological community.

21. Stone Giant

Calling mode:

Summon by using the jungle lizard battery at the jungle lizard altar in the jungle temple. In order to enter the jungle temple, you must defeat the flower of the century to get the key to the temple.

22. Plague Messenger Gloria

Calling mode:

Call in the jungle with a plague starter.

23. Duke of Pig Arowana (Pig Shark)

Calling mode:

Fishing with truffles as bait in the ocean can summon him.

24. Destroy the golem

Calling mode:

Call on the surface with a death whistle.

25, Yue Bai cult.

Calling mode:

After defeating the stone giant, there will be four cultists at the entrance of the dungeon. Kill them all and summon them.

26. Star God Youlong

Calling mode:

Call at the starlight beacon at night with Titan’s heart or core.

27, the moon Lord

Calling mode:

1. Defeat all four celestial pillars in the moon event.

2. Use celestial operators to call actively

Third, the order after the month.

28, desecration of guards

Calling mode:

Use profane fragments in hell or sacred places.

29. Stupid Golden Dragon

Calling mode:

Using exotic pheromone summoning in the jungle.

30. blaspheme against the gods

Calling mode:

Use the blasphemy crystal nucleus dropped by the blasphemy guard to summon in the sacred place or hell.

31. Signus, Apostle of God, Endless Void, Storm Devourer.

Calling mode:

Use cosmic runes to summon in hell/dungeon/space.

32. Soul-eating flowers

Calling mode:

1. Appear after killing monsters and ghosts in thirty dungeons.

2. use the dead soul torch to summon in the dungeon

33, sulfur sea legacy

Calling mode:

1. After the completion of the third phase of acid rain.

2. Use blood worms as bait to fish in the sulfur sea to summon.

34, god devourer

Calling mode:

Use the worm of the universe to summon anywhere in the world.

35. Jungle dragons and dragons

Calling mode:

Use jungle dragon eggs to summon in the jungle

36. Star Flow Giant Machinery

Calling mode:

Press the contact button on the password cracker to summon Garden, and it will appear after the dialogue.

37. The ultimate disaster

Calling mode:

Call it at the curse altar with a soul-offering urn or disaster dust, regardless of time and environment.

　　Recently, the General Office of the People’s Government of Henan Province issued the "Three-year Action Plan for the Construction of Public Health System in Henan Province" (hereinafter referred to as the "Action Plan"), clarifying the main objectives and key tasks of the construction of public health system in the province. Our province will focus on filling shortcomings, plugging loopholes, strengths and weaknesses, and promoting advantages, and make overall efforts to strengthen the construction of public health system, enhance the capacity of public health services, and comprehensively safeguard people’s life safety and health.

　　Goal: to improve the seven systems by 2025, covering prevention, treatment and control.

　　The Action Plan proposes that by 2025, an emergency command system, a monitoring and early warning system, an emergency rescue system and an emergency material support system that can effectively respond to major epidemics and public health emergencies will be basically established, and the emergency response capacity of public health emergencies will be significantly improved; We will improve the prevention and control system, chronic disease prevention and control system and support and guarantee system that can fully meet the public health service needs, significantly enhance the fairness, accessibility and quality service supply capacity of public health services, and effectively protect people’s life safety and health.

　　What is the significance of improving the construction of public health system? Report to the 20th CPC National Congress of the Party pointed out: "Improve the public health system, improve the ability of early detection of major epidemics, strengthen the prevention and treatment system of major epidemics and the construction of emergency response capabilities, and effectively curb the spread of major infectious diseases."

　　"There are still some shortcomings and weak links in the construction of public health system in our province, according to the needs of public health security and the people’s higher expectations for a better life. In order to speed up the construction of a strong public health system and promote the construction of healthy Henan with high quality, this Action Plan has been studied and formulated. " The relevant person in charge of the Provincial Health and Wellness Committee said.

　　Building a strong, effective and complete public health system is a social system engineering. Generally speaking, the 30 key tasks in seven aspects of the Action Plan can be divided into three major aspects: prevention, treatment and control.

　　Prevention: emergency command+monitoring and early warning to realize early detection, early reporting and early warning.

　　The Action Plan points out that it is necessary to improve the emergency command system and establish and improve the graded emergency response mechanism for public health emergencies. Specifically, it is necessary to establish an emergency command and dispatch platform for public health emergencies in the province. Upgrade and transform the integrated epidemic prevention and control management platform in Henan Province, and build emergency command centers for public health emergencies at the provincial, city and county levels. Strengthen the construction of health emergency team. Accelerate the construction of the national emergency medical rescue team in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, and improve the emergency response capability. Relying on municipal and county-level medical institutions, each county (city, district) will build a grass-roots backpack medical emergency team.

　　What is the backpack medical emergency team? Guo Yanhong, director of the Medical Emergency Department of the National Health and Wellness Commission, introduced at the press conference in National Health Commission on July 3 that backpacking is a case and a shoulder, in which medical materials, information and communication and corresponding support equipment are prepared in advance, and medical emergency teams can arrive at the front line with ambulances for medical treatment. At the same time, for some places with complex terrain, they can also arrive at the scene without relying on mechanized vehicles.

　　The Action Plan also proposes to improve the monitoring and early warning system for infectious diseases and public health emergencies, improve the monitoring and early warning mechanism triggered by multiple points, and realize early detection, early reporting and early warning. Relying on disease prevention and control institutions, we will establish monitoring and early warning centers for infectious diseases and public health emergencies at the provincial, city and county levels, enhance the ability of early monitoring and early warning, real-time analysis and centralized judgment, and realize multi-channel and intelligent multi-point trigger monitoring and early warning.

　　Treatment: emergency treatment+chronic disease prevention and treatment to provide all-round and full-cycle health services.

　　Improve the ability of severe treatment, strengthen the prevention and control of chronic diseases in the whole cycle of prevention, treatment, management and rehabilitation … The Action Plan proposes to improve the emergency treatment system and the chronic disease prevention and control system.

　　To improve the emergency treatment system, it is necessary to improve the pre-hospital medical first aid ability. Improve the pre-hospital medical emergency service system based on the "120" emergency command center and the first-aid station, and promote the seamless connection between the pre-hospital medical emergency network and the in-hospital emergency. The relevant person in charge of the Provincial Health and Wellness Committee said that "efforts should be made to strengthen the construction of pre-hospital first aid system, improve the scientific, standardized, standardized, intelligent and informational level of pre-hospital first aid, and strive to improve the efficiency of emergency first aid capacity and get through the’ last mile’ of life first aid".

　　Henan is a big province of traditional Chinese medicine, so it is necessary to play the role of traditional Chinese medicine in improving the emergency treatment system. The Action Plan proposes to speed up the construction of a national TCM disease prevention and control base and set up a TCM disease prevention and control team relying on the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and requires that all TCM hospitals above the second level should set up infectious diseases departments and be equipped with at least one TCM practitioner.

　　The Action Plan clearly stipulates that the construction of emergency medical rescue bases should be strengthened, the construction of national emergency medical rescue bases in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University should be accelerated, and five provincial emergency medical rescue bases should be built in Anyang, Luoyang, Shangqiu, Xinyang and Nanyang, relying on hospitals with strong comprehensive strength.

　　According to the survey data in 2022, the number of deaths in Henan Province exceeds 600,000 every year, and more than 90% of the deaths are caused by chronic diseases. In this regard, the Action Plan proposes to improve the chronic disease prevention and control system and continuously reduce the premature mortality rate of major chronic diseases. Strengthen the construction of national and provincial demonstration zones for comprehensive prevention and control of chronic diseases, and the coverage rate will reach 20% and 50% respectively by 2025. Strengthen the integration of medical care and prevention, improve the integration ability of medical care and prevention in the management of chronic diseases in urban and rural communities, and provide all-round and full-cycle health services of "active prevention before illness, scientific management after illness, and uninterrupted follow-up service".

　　Control: prevention and control+guarantee to consolidate the "foundation" of public health construction

　　Improve the prevention and control system. Strengthen the construction of disease prevention and control institutions and professional public health institutions, popularize the concept of healthy living, strengthen the construction of provincial disease prevention and control centers, and actively strive for national regional public health centers. Strengthen the capacity building of health services for women and children and the elderly. By 2025, each provincial city, county (city, district) and Jiyuan Demonstration Zone will have a standardized maternal and child health care institution organized by the government. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of a healthy environment, carry out in-depth actions to prevent and control air, water and soil pollution, actively promote the integration of national health into all policies, and expand the pilot scope of the health impact assessment system to five provinces and municipalities by 2025.

　　Improve the emergency material support system. The Action Plan clearly states that it is necessary to establish a scientific, complete and coordinated emergency material supply system at the provincial, municipal and county levels to effectively ensure the supply of emergency materials in major public health emergencies. Improve the reserve capacity of the provincial strategic and emergency material reserve and regional material reserve centers such as Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Pingdingshan, Shangqiu and Hebi.

　　The Action Plan proposes to improve the support system, integrate talents, science and technology, information resources, build a platform for scientific and technological innovation, and build a provincial academy of preventive medicine based on the Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention.

　　It is understood that at present, Henan Province is setting up a chief expert system, encouraging senior experts with rich experience in scientific research and business management to be full-time "chief public health experts", assisting government departments to deal with various public health risk events, and will also provide talent protection for the construction of public health system.

　　At the same time, improve digital governance capabilities and build and improve provincial and municipal national health information platforms; Integrate all kinds of vertical public health information systems at all levels, and by the end of 2025, basically build a relatively complete national health information standard system.

　　The relevant person in charge of the Provincial Health and Wellness Committee said that building a strong public health system is an inevitable requirement for safeguarding and maintaining people’s health, an urgent need for safeguarding national security and social stability, and an inherent requirement for improving national governance capacity. The Action Plan will vigorously promote the construction of the public health system, weave a tight "protective net" and build a solid "separation wall" to comprehensively safeguard people’s life safety and health. (Text/Li Lianfan picture is Dahe. com data map)

"Lovely and charming villain" — — Huston Rockets

Special feature of 1905 film network "In order to prevent the world from being destroyed, to protect the peace of the world, to carry out the evil of love and truth, a lovely and charming villain … …” I believe that many friends like me who are in Grade 2 are familiar with the classic and magical lines in this cartoon Poké mon. It’s not easy to really be a charming villain.It can make people (within the correct scope of the three views) gnash their teeth and feel pity, which is indispensable and impressive, and can be described as the highest realm.

　Heath Ledger’s "Clown" Image

There are very few "top-level" villains who can meet the above conditions one by one, butJoker, the clown played by Heath Ledger in the film, is undoubtedly one of them..In the years since Nolan’s Batman series was deified, both the character’s own creativity and Heath Ledger’s personal performance have been analyzed in detail countless times, and it is unnecessary to repeat them: everyone is afraid of clowns, and the endless and unreasonable crimes he brings are disgusting and chilling, but his extremely tragic life makes people willing to understand his desperate resistance to fate.

Villain Jiangya

　

At present, the villain Jiangya is a bit of a clown, but he seems to be more like a combination of a clown and Batman:Pretending to be "the light of the city", because "the city needs a beam of light", he completed the "dark trial" of the evildoers in the city in his own way (murder full of ritual sense), but he also had no scruples about involving innocent people in his own murder plan.

　

A mysterious, cautious, evil and full of "sense of justice" contradiction, which is exactly what Remy, the original author of "Psychological Crime" series, wants to describe as a "different and charming" villain in the final chapter of the first season. As a person standing on the opposite side of "justice", the stories, emotions and conflicts that the villain needs to bear and express are more complicated and intense."A good villain should have a complete set of values that belong to him. This value may be absurd, but it must be convincing and may even confuse people."Remy understands the creation of villains like this.

　

Jiangya villain image is very complicated.

From the plot of "City Light of Psychological Crime", we can see the shadow of childhood domestic violence hidden in Jiangya’s heart. This victim’s identity is not only the basis of his opponent’s worship (even distorted worship), but also gives the most reasonable motivation for his birth and action after "City Light".The real world is never simply black and white. The more three-dimensional the complexity of human nature is, the more it can touch people’s hearts."Jiang Ya incarnated’ justice’ in the middle of the night. This kind of revenge (at the first time) will make people feel very Japanese, but how should we choose when we really face the law? Such a role may arouse the audience’s relatively complicated feelings towards him. " Remy said. In other words,I’m afraid this kind of complexity is our own struggle between the correctness of the three views and the deep sympathy.

Batman confronts the clown

　

The clown and Jiang Ya also introduce another important attribute of the "charming" villain — —Only above the successful villain can we see better heroes.The clown throws a dilemma multiple-choice question, which makes Batman finally understand where the just soul is after experiencing confusion and pain. The same is true of Jiangya, who uses a series of murders to stir up the high emotions of the people and also test the bottom line of the protagonist. It was the murder of an innocent little girl that made Fang Mu determined to fight to the death with the "city light" in extreme resentment and collapse.

Andrew scott plays Professor moriarty in Sherlock.

　

Tracing back to the classics, Professor moglia in the detective novel adventures of sherlock holmes can also be called such a figure. Since the publication of the original work in the 19th century, it has been adapted into numerous versions by film and television. In the most popular BBC English drama version in recent years, actor andrew scott once again gave this deadly enemy a brand-new look with a version of moriarty, which is as crazy and magical as a clown.

　

Of course, in addition to these villains who need to build on the plot to display their "charming" charm, there is also a class of villains who are relatively simple and rude. They can easily circle the powder by eating people and setting bonuses.Ill-tempered, self-willed, anyway, stories and characters give infinite space, as long as you boldly release yourself, there will be a large number of fans willing to fall for it.

Tom Hiddleston plays the evil god Loki 3.

　

The absolute leader of this kind of villains is Loki, the evil god in the series of Raytheon by MCU. When it comes to doing bad things, he can disturb the order of the universe, destroy the heaven, piss off Dad and brush his brother around. Although it’s not bad to the bone, it’s still an absolute TOP in the jerk index. As for PK’s popularity, Loki is not lost to many characters in the same universe.

　

The charm of villains like them stems from this fearless madness in their hearts.Compared with all the positive characters who have to think twice about justice and the overall situation, people like Loki can be more reckless and go their own way about their persistent things, not only for the audience who saw the movie, but also for the performers, which should be a more enjoyable experience.

Many actors have expressed their desire to challenge the villain.

　

After writing this article, I specially searched the search engine for the keywords "Want to challenge the villain role". Among more than 150,000 related results, a series of familiar actors’ names appeared, such as Lu Han, Haoran Liu, Karry, Liu Shishi, Han Geng, Jiang Jinfu, etc. They all expressed their interest in this kind of role at a certain moment. It seems that there are really many people who have been circled by the villain. On the premise that the three views are correct, we really expect to see more and more classic villains in the future and become another kind of "light" in film and television works.

　　As a frequent visitor on our table, meat is not only delicious, but also the main source of human intake of protein. However, if you want to get the nutrition of meat, the premise is that you have to eat safe and guaranteed meat. Every point is very important, from choosing meat, eating meat and storing meat.

　　Let’s talk about the following four kinds of meat, which must be included in the "blacklist". If you see it, don’t hesitate to turn your head and leave!

　　About meat selection

　　Never buy these four kinds of meat.

　　The first kind: "diesel fish" and "washing powder fish"

　　In order to bring dying fish back to life, some black-hearted vendors will add diesel oil to the fish pond. In this way, there is less air in the water, and the fish with difficulty in breathing will swim hard and look particularly fresh. This is the "diesel fish". Diesel fish can stimulate the stomach, causing chest tightness and vomiting, and also affecting the normal function of the stomach.

　　The fish with washing powder is the fish sprayed with washing powder. Black-hearted traders first soak the fish in formaldehyde solution for preservation, and then spray washing powder on the fish to ensure that the fish is complete in appearance and bright in color. Washing powder contains active agent, water softener, bleaching agent and other harmful substances, formaldehyde may have carcinogenic effect, and the toxicity of washing powder fish can be imagined.

　　Identification method: when buying fish, first pick it up and smell it. Diesel fish has a faint diesel smell; Washing powder fish will have the pungent smell of formaldehyde because it is soaked in formaldehyde solution, and hairtail soaked in formaldehyde can not be bent, but normal hairtail can be bent.

　　Healthy eating fish tips:

　　Do not eat or eat less fish head, skin and viscera: Heavy metals generally accumulate in fish liver, kidney, lung and other visceral tissues, and the content in muscle is low.

　　Eat in moderation: the daily intake of fish should be controlled below 25g, or once every few days.

　　Try to choose smaller fish: larger carnivorous fish are at a higher stage of the food chain and store more heavy metals in their bodies.

　　The second type: chicken legs and wings frozen for too long.

　　Friends who often buy vegetables know that there are usually a large number of frozen chicken legs and wings sold in supermarkets or frozen areas of markets.

　　This is not to say that these chickens can’t be eaten! These frozen chickens usually come from farms all over the world, and are frozen after being split and then put into the market. Although the taste is slightly inferior to that of fresh chicken, it can meet the nutritional needs on the whole. As long as it is formal and the way, it is completely safe to eat within the shelf life.

　　What we are going to talk about today are chicken legs and wings that have been frozen for too long. Previously, some media had exposed the problem of "zombie meat". 2 kg of meat can be changed into 3 kg. These meats are mainly beef, tripe, chicken wings and chicken feet. You know, if the meat is kept for too long, the meat fat is prone to rancidity, and the decomposition products of protein may also produce some toxic substances.

　　Identification method: So, how can we avoid eating "zombie chicken"?

　　Step 1: Look at the appearance. If the meat is moldy, black and smells rotten, you must never buy it.

　　Step 2: Look at the price. The purchase cost of these meats is very low, and they are often sold at low prices. If they are far below the market price, there may be something fishy.

　　Step 3: Look at the thawing. If the meat itself has deteriorated, it is difficult to distinguish it when it is frozen, but once it is thawed, it will show its true colors, dull colors and give off obvious odor.

　　In fact, the more reliable way is to go to supermarkets, vegetable markets and other formal places to buy meat, to avoid encountering "zombie meat" and "three no meat".

　　The third kind: pig neck with dark red meat bumps.

　　When you buy pork neck meat, you should pay attention to it. If there are pathological lymph nodes on it and it is not cut clean, don’t buy it. These pathological lymph nodes are usually dark red, gray or yellow, containing a large number of bacteria and viruses, which are difficult to kill at high temperature, and people are easily infected with diseases after eating.

　　However, in a regular slaughterhouse, the diseased lymph nodes and thyroid gland will be cut off. In other words, if it is pig neck meat that has passed the standard slaughter and quarantine, it can be purchased and eaten with confidence.

　　Here is also a reminder for everyone. When buying and cooking at ordinary times, you should pay a little attention.

　　The fourth kind: "dyed shrimp" with attractive color.

　　Many vendors will "dye" shrimps in order to make them look better. Previously, a seafood wholesale market in Ningbo was exposed to selling salted shrimp with carmine added.

　　Carmine is a kind of synthetic pigment, which is forbidden to be used in dried meat, preserved meat products, aquatic products and other foods, in order to prevent criminals from deceiving consumers by covering up stale or deteriorated meat and aquatic products with pigments.

　　Identification method: it is actually very simple to identify "dyed shrimp". First of all, be careful not to buy shrimps with too bright colors; You can use a damp paper towel to rub the shrimp on the paper. If it fades, it may be dyed. If possible, you can also soak in warm water. If the water becomes particularly turbid or red, artificial pigments may be added.

　　About eating meat

　　Eat healthier at these four points.

　　Eat less internal organs

　　Although the nutritional value of animal internal organs is not low, it is better to eat less animal internal organs. First, because of the high cholesterol content, and second, because internal organs such as intestines are in direct contact with food, theoretically, the possibility of residual harmful substances is higher than that of meat. However, the internal organs are rich in iron, protein, trace elements, etc., and it is ok to eat them once or twice occasionally.

　　Eat less seasoned meat.

　　Black pepper beef, sweet and sour tenderloin … … It looks very attractive. But as everyone knows, under the cover of rich sauce, it is likely to be expired meat.

　　Earlier, a survey published in the English Journal of Medicine showed that eating more than 40 grams of smoked and pickled processed meat every day would affect people’s health; People who eat more than 160 grams of processed meat every day have greater health risks. These processed meats contain a lot of cholesterol and saturated fat, which is easy to block blood vessels and cause coronary heart disease. In addition, this kind of meat has high nitrite content, which will also affect health.

　　Principle of moderation

　　The fundamental way to eat meat healthily is to eat it in moderation, with 100 grams per day as appropriate.

　　Pork, beef, mutton and other red meats have high fat content, but their lean meat can supplement iron and prevent anemia, and fat meat must be eaten less.

　　Men have a great demand for red meat, and women can eat more white meat; The physical function of the elderly is degraded, and eating more red meat is easy to cause cardiovascular disease and cognitive impairment, so eating white meat is better; The child is in the developmental stage and should eat both kinds of meat. It should be reminded that people suffering from obesity and chronic diseases of grade three and higher should eat less meat and replace it with bean products.

　　Don’t stew too much.

　　No matter what meat they eat, people feel that the worse the stew, the better. As a result, the pressure cooker came into being, and it was used to stew ribs and so on. In ten minutes, even the bones became soft. However, at the temperature of 200℃-300℃, amino acids, creatine liver, sugar and harmless compounds in meat food will react chemically to form aromatic amino groups. These aromatic amino groups derived from food contain 12 compounds, 9 of which have carcinogenic effects. So, don’t eat overcooked meat. You can cook meat in a microwave oven and then pour out the broth containing many compounds, so as to avoid the harm of aromatic amino compounds to human body.

　　About storing meat

　　Meat stored like this is not afraid of getting sick.

　　◎ Look at the shelf life before buying.

　　You can refer to the shelf life and storage conditions on the label to judge the storage period.

　　◎ Don’t keep it in cold storage for more than a week.

　　Fresh meat without shelf life label should be kept in cold storage (0-4 degrees Celsius) for no more than one week.

　　◎ Shelf life of your own frozen meat

　　Low temperature can only inhibit the growth of bacteria, but can’t kill bacteria. Some low-temperature tolerant bacteria and molds will still grow and reproduce. The shelf life of red meat such as pigs, cows and sheep is 10-12 months below -18 degrees Celsius (the temperature of the freezer); Chicken and duck meat for 8-10 months; The shelf life of seafood and seafood is generally about 6 months, but it is best to eat it within 4 months. Preserved bacon and bacon should also be put in the refrigerator, which can be kept for half a year.

　　In fact, it is best to buy and eat meat now. If you have to store it in the refrigerator, you must remember the storage time clearly.

　　Comprehensive family doctor, daily health report

　　　　The picture shows a scene of the tourism special economic zone in Altai Krai, Russia. Photo by Li Chuifa

　　　　The picture shows a scene of Kaliningrad Special Economic Zone in Russia. Photo by Li Chuifa

　　　　With the adoption of the Law on Russian Special Economic Zones in the Russian State Duma and the formal implementation of the Law on January 1, 2006, the construction of Russian special economic zones has begun. The first batch of special economic zones began to operate in 2007.

　　　　Speed up the development of special economic zones

　　　　In order to improve the investment environment, in 2005, President Putin repeatedly instructed the government and called on the legislature to speed up the deliberation and adoption of the relevant bills on the establishment of special economic zones, which played an important role in promoting the promulgation of laws on Russian special economic zones as soon as possible.

　　　　In 2005, after three readings, the Russian State Duma finally passed the Special Economic Zone Law on July 8 of that year, and changed the former Free Economic Zone Law into the Special Economic Zone Law. On July 13th of the same year, the Council of the Russian Federation also passed this law by a high vote, and the law came into effect on January 1st, 2006.

　　　　The adoption of the Law on Russian Special Economic Zones provides a legal basis for the construction of special economic zones. At present, the Russian government has decided to build two special economic zones for industrial production, four special economic zones for technology promotion and seven special economic zones for tourist resorts. In March 2007, the Russian government passed an amendment to the Law on Russian Special Economic Zones, and decided to establish four special port economic zones.

　　　　The first batch of special economic zones in Russia began to operate in 2007, and it is expected that initial results will be achieved within 2-3 years. This indicates that the construction and development of Russian special economic zones have entered a new stage.

　　　　Types and characteristics of special economic zones

　　　　1. Types of special economic zones: According to the provisions of the Russian Special Economic Zone Law, there are four main types of special economic zones.

　　　　1. Industrial production-oriented special economic zones. They are located in Lipetsk region and Yelabuga city of Tatarstan Republic, mainly engaged in product production and processing. Enterprises settled in such special zones can be exempted from land tax, transportation tax and property tax within 10 years, and can also enjoy the preferential treatment of tariff free zone system. The industrial production-oriented special economic zone covers an area of less than 20 square kilometers and its operation period does not exceed 20 years. The prerequisite for obtaining the business status in the industrial production-oriented special economic zone is that the total investment should not be less than 10 million euros, and the investment in the first year of operation in the special zone should not be less than 1 million euros.

　　　　2. Technology promotion special economic zones. They are located in Zelenograd (Greentown) administrative region of Moscow, Dubna, St. Petersburg and Tomsk, Moscow, and mainly engage in the development and production of high-tech products, and promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in the fields of information technology, nuclear physics, instrument manufacturing, medicine, software, electronics, biotechnology and new materials. Enterprises in the special zone can be exempted from land tax, transportation tax and property tax within five years. Covering an area of less than 2 square kilometers, the operation period does not exceed 20 years. There are no restrictions and regulations on investment conditions for enterprises to enter the technology promotion special economic zone.

　　　　3. Special economic zones for tourist resorts. They are located in Altai Krai, Altai Republic, Irkutsk Region, Buryatia Republic, Stavropol Krai, Krasnodar Krai and Kaliningrad Region. Enterprises in the special zone can engage in the construction and transformation of tourist facilities, and can also engage in the development of natural resources such as mineral water and mud with therapeutic effects. Enterprises in the special zone can also enjoy preferential tax policies.

　　　　4. Port Special Economic Zone. Such special zones will be built in seaports, river ports and airports in the Russian Federation, mainly engaged in cargo handling, warehousing and ship maintenance. Such special economic zones also enjoy various preferential tax policies. The Russian government is going to invite tenders for the port special economic zone before the end of this year.

　　　　Second, the characteristics of Russian special economic zones. From the content of the Law on Russian Special Economic Zones, the special economic zones established in Russia have their own characteristics. First of all, Russian special economic zones treat domestic capital and foreign capital equally, and absorbing foreign capital is not the only purpose. Five of the Russian SEZs focus on high-tech industries, so these SEZs are industry-oriented, not capital-oriented. No matter what the nature of the funds coming to the SAR is, as long as they meet the conditions of the SAR, they can enjoy preferential treatment. Secondly, a considerable proportion of the funds for the construction of Russian special economic zones are paid by the central government, and the personnel responsible for attracting investment are sent by the General Administration of Russian Special Economic Zones. Therefore, the project review is very strict and will not violate the standards. Third, in terms of the management system of special zones, the administrative committee of Russian special economic zones has two functions, one is to attract investment, and the other is to examine the qualifications of enterprises. As for other aspects of management, it is the same inside and outside the district. For example, the relevant registration procedures for entering the SAR are still handled by the local industrial and commercial bureau, and the local tax bureau is responsible for collecting taxes. The management committee is responsible for informing the tax bureau which enterprises meet the preferential tax conditions, and the whole management method is the same as before. Therefore, the CMC is a management institution, but it is not a first-class quasi-government institution. It can be seen that Russian special economic zones are more closely linked with the overall economy.

　　　　Tax and financial preferential policies

　　　　In order to accelerate the development of special economic zones, the Law of Russian Special Economic Zones stipulates a series of preferential policies.

　　　　1. Preferential tax policy: there is no limit on the investment quota of high-tech projects, and the unified social tax rate is lowered to 14% (generally 26%), and the federal property tax and land tax are exempted for five years before the project is put into production. At the same time, Russia will correspondingly amend the Tax Code, Land Code, Customs Code and other relevant laws and regulations to adapt to the promulgation and implementation of the Law on Russian Special Economic Zones.

　　　　2. Tariff policy: The tariff free zone system will be implemented in the special economic zones. Imported foreign goods can enter the bonded zone free of import duties and value-added tax, while the goods produced in the zones can be exported free of export tax.

　　　　III. Financial policy: The losses of an enterprise can be carried forward to the next fiscal year for accounting without restriction. At the same time, accelerate and simplify the confirmation procedures for R&D expenditures of enterprises for scientific research and experiments.

　　　　The Law of Kaliningrad Special Economic Zone of Russian Federation stipulates that: in the special economic zone, Russian and foreign investors enjoy the preferential tax reduction and exemption stipulated in the tax law of Russian Federation and local regulations of Kaliningrad Region; Goods produced in special economic zones (determined according to the certificate of origin) can be exempted from paying customs duties and other fees (except customs fees) when they are transported abroad, and are not affected by the state’s non-tariff foreign trade adjustment policies; Goods brought into the special economic zone from abroad may be exempted from paying customs duties and other fees (except customs fees) that should be paid when going through customs formalities; Goods produced in special economic zones (determined according to the certificate of origin) can be exempted from paying customs duties and other fees (except customs fees) when they are transported to other parts of Russia and the customs union to which Russia is a member, and are not affected by the national non-tariff foreign trade adjustment policy; When goods are transported from abroad to the special economic zone (with or without processing in the zone) and transported abroad, they are exempt from customs duties and other fees payable when going through customs formalities, and are not subject to import and export quantity restrictions.

　　　　The Law of the Magadan Special Economic Zone of the Russian Federation stipulates that enterprises engaged in business activities in the special economic zone and Magadan State may be exempted from paying taxes and fees payable to the federal finance (except those paid to the federal pension fund and the federal social insurance fund); From January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2014, the profits of enterprises engaged in business activities in special economic zones and Magadan State for investment and development of production and public utilities in Magadan State can be exempted from profit tax; Enterprises in the area can be exempted from import duties and other fees (except customs fees) stipulated by the State Customs Committee of the Russian Federation when transporting foreign goods purchased for their own production and used in Magadan from the special economic zone to other parts of Magadan; When enterprises in the region transport the above-mentioned foreign goods from Magadan to other customs territories of the Russian Federation, if the goods are processed and meet the deep processing standards stipulated by the customs law of the Russian Federation, they can be regarded as Russian goods, exempted from import duties and customs formalities; Enterprises in the area can be exempted from paying customs duties and other fees (except customs fees) when transporting goods produced in the special economic zone to other customs areas of the Russian Federation or outside the Russian Federation. In addition, in the Republic of Dagestan, foreign investors pay profit tax at a reduced rate.

　　　　Relevant restrictive provisions

　　　　The Law of Russian Special Economic Zones provides detailed provisions on the concept, types, purpose, composition and duration of special economic zones.

　　　　Special economic zones refer to areas approved by the Russian government that implement special preferential policies for their business activities within a limited scope in Russia. The purpose of establishing special economic zones is to develop domestic processing industries, high-tech industries, new product production enterprises and transportation infrastructure.

　　　　As for the composition of special economic zones, the Russian Special Economic Zone Law stipulates the following statutory requirements, that is, the ownership of land in special economic zones is owned by the state or the municipal government, and there are some supplementary provisions on land for different types of special economic zones.

　　　　Land in industrial production special economic zones does not belong to citizens and legal persons, and may not be used for other purposes, except for basic projects. Within the land of the special zone, only state-owned or municipal-owned projects (except traffic engineering construction) are allowed to be implemented.

　　　　The land in the technology promotion special economic zone does not belong to the public and legal persons (excluding educational and scientific research institutions) and may not be used for other purposes (except for basic engineering projects). Only state-owned or municipal-owned projects (except traffic engineering construction projects) are allowed to be implemented within the land of the technology promotion special zone.

　　　　In addition, projects prohibited in the special zone include real estate development; Classification of mineral mining and metallurgical manufacturing projects according to the types of business in Russia; Mineral refining, ferrous and non-ferrous metal processing projects; Other manufacturing and processing projects of goods subject to consumption tax except cars and motorcycles.

　　　　The term of a special economic zone is 20 years, and no extension will be granted after the expiration.

　　　　The business entities of industrial production-oriented special economic zones can be commercial organizations in addition to unitary production enterprises, and enterprises in technology promotion-oriented special zones can also be privately owned. However, all business entities in the special zones must meet the following conditions, that is, they must be companies registered in the administrative agencies in the special zones according to regulations, signed an agreement on industrial production or technology promotion activities with the administrative organs of the special zones, and registered as business entities in the list of members.

　　　　According to the provisions of the Russian Special Economic Zone Law, business units in the Special Zone have no right to open branches or offices outside the Special Zone. According to the agreement, the total investment of industrial production enterprises in the special zone, except intangible assets, shall not be less than 10 million euros (according to the foreign exchange rate of the Russian Central Bank on that day). In the first year after signing the agreement, excluding intangible assets, at least 1 million euros (according to the foreign exchange rate of the Russian Central Bank on that day) should be invested in the SAR.

　　　　Administrative organs of special economic zones

　　　　On July 22, 2005, the Russian Special Economic Zone Administration was established in the Russian Ministry of Economic Development and Trade, which is the main institution responsible for the management of Russian special economic zones. The agency directly or through other government departments, as well as local authorities to carry out the management of Russian special economic zones.

　　　　There are 12 bureaus in the Russian Special Economic Zone Administration: Investment Analysis and Prediction Bureau, Industrial Production Special Zone Bureau, Technology Promotion Special Zone Bureau, Tourism Special Zone Bureau, Port Special Zone Bureau, Foreign Investors and International Organizations Bureau, Special Economic Zone Organization and Infrastructure Development Bureau.

　　　　Foreign enterprises wishing to enter the Russian Special Economic Zone for economic cooperation can contact the Bureau of Foreign Investors and International Organizations of the Russian Special Economic Zone Agency, apply to it and get approval.

　　　　The procedures and document requirements for applying for investment and cooperation in Russian special economic zones are very complicated, and the requirements of various types of special zones are different. If China enterprises want to know the details and requirements, they can directly visit the website of the Russian Special Economic Zone Agency.

　　　　The address and telephone number of the Russian Special Economic Zone Agency are: No.18/1, Kaya Riverside Street, Ovchinnikov, Moscow, Russia. Tel: (495)9853178, Fax: (495)9853175, E-mail: rosoez@economy.gov.ru, Russian website: www.rosoez.ru

Editor: Xiu Rongteng