Abstract: The modernization of education in China has always been a major strategic issue and strategic choice for the country’s development. The cognition and judgment of leaders in different periods on the reality of education have an important impact on the modernization of education. China’s educational modernization process has both successful experiences and mistakes. As far as Deng Xiaoping is concerned, he has made two important decisions on the enrollment method of colleges and universities. The first time was on June 13, 1966, according to the instructions of Mao Zedong, he made a decision with Liu Shaoqi to postpone the enrollment of colleges and universities and reform the enrollment examination method of colleges and universities. The second time was in September, 1977, when Deng Xiaoping pushed through the crowd and proposed to restore the higher education examination system, which was approved by the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee. The second decision not only produced a long-term human capital dividend, but also profoundly affected the process of educational modernization in China, laying the foundation for a modern educational system.

China is a country with the largest population in the world, but also a country lacking in human capital. From the perspective of national modernization, more population has become a heavy burden of economic development, and less human capital has become an important constraint of economic development. In this sense, a large population is not necessarily a good thing, unless the population burden is transformed into human resources wealth. [1] Therefore, China should take human capital as the first capital, human resources as the first resource, and invest in people and develop human resources as its basic national policy. China’s modernization is essentially human modernization, and human modernization is essentially the continuous expansion and accumulation of human resources or human capital stock, which has become an increasingly important source of economic development and constitutes the ultimate foundation of national wealth (material wealth, social wealth, cultural wealth and ecological wealth). [1] (P.174) Leaders’ understanding of China’s basic national conditions directly affects the decision-making of human capital investment and the process of human capital accumulation, which in turn will affect the long-term dividend of human capital to China’s modernization development. From the past decades, China has also experienced a historical process of success first, then twists and turns, and then success, and gradually realized the transformation from a heavy population burden to a powerful country in human resources or human capital in the world. China has become the world’s largest number of students in higher education.

First, from a big country with illiteracy to a big country with modern education

In modern times, China is not only a laggard and latecomer of world modernization, but also a laggard and latecomer of educational modernization. It was not until the beginning of the 20th century that modern education was introduced from the west and a national education system was established. By the time New China was founded in 1949, it had been about half a century. From the perspective of higher education, only 185,000 people in China had college education or above, accounting for 3.42% of the total population? . The number of college students in China is only 117,000. [2] At that time, about 80% of the people in the country were illiterate and semi-illiterate, and the average education period of the population over 15 years old was only 1.0 years, which was a big country full of illiteracy. ［3］

After the founding of New China, China began an unprecedented cultural construction, including "implementing universal education in a planned and step-by-step manner, strengthening secondary and higher education, and paying attention to technical education" [4].

By the mid-1960s, a relatively complete modern national education system had been established in China, and the level of human capital had been significantly improved. According to the data of the second national census in 1964, the illiteracy rate dropped to 32.3%, which was half as much as 80% in 1949. The population of junior college or above reached 2.875 million, 15.5 times that of 1949, with an average annual growth rate of 21.6% from 1949 to 1964. The average educational years of the population over 15 years old in China reached 2.6 years, equivalent to 2.6 times that of 1949. During 1949-1964, the average annual growth rate was 7.06%, which was much higher than the average annual growth rate of the total population (2.08%) in the same period. Even though higher education was seriously affected by the Great Leap Forward, the number of students in institutions of higher learning dropped from 962,000 in 1960 to 674,000 in 1965 [2] (P.483), which was still the first golden age for the development of modern education in China.

Although China’s modern national education, especially modern university education, has developed rapidly and achieved remarkable results, the basic national conditions of low level of human capital have not fundamentally changed. Compared with developed countries, in 1965, the average length of education of the population over 15 years old was 10 years in the United States, equivalent to 3.8 times that of China; It is 7.5 years in Japan, which is 2.9 times that of China. In particular, the population above junior college is quite scarce, accounting for only 0.416% of the total population (723 million people) in China. Proceeding from this basic national condition, it is necessary to continuously accelerate the modernization of national education, including the development of modern higher education.

Two, Mao Zedong from the reform of the education system to launch the "cultural revolution"

After 1965, Mao Zedong shifted the focus of "opposing and preventing revisionism" to how to prevent revisionism in the Communist Party of China (CPC), especially in the leading organs of the Party. [5] His judgment on academia and education has also changed. In March 1966, he said at the enlarged meeting in The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC): "Now, most universities, middle schools and primary schools are monopolized by people from the bourgeoisie, petty bourgeoisie and rich land." [6] On May 7 of the same year, he reiterated this view in his letter to Lin Biao. Therefore, Mao Zedong’s proposal to reform the education system is not to change the backward situation of modern education, but to change "the phenomenon of bourgeois intellectuals ruling schools".

In fact, Mao Zedong had put forward the idea of reforming the education system before this. In 1964, Mao Zedong proposed that the education system should be reformed. "You don’t know the class struggle. How can you be a college graduate?" [7] According to Mao Zedong’s instructions, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Notice on Organizing Liberal Arts Teachers and Students in Colleges and Universities to Participate in the Socialist Education Movement on September 11th of the same year.

Mao Zedong launched the "Cultural Revolution" with the educational front as an important breakthrough. On June 12th, 1966, Mao Zedong presided over the enlarged meeting of the CPC The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC). When talking about the "Cultural Revolution", he said: "First seize power, criticize authority, and then engage in teaching reform and educational system reform. The central government should establish a high school and university entrance examination system by combining school recommendation and selection. " [8] On June 13th, according to Mao Zedong’s instructions and under the auspices of Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued a notice, deciding to reform the entrance examination method for colleges and universities, calling the entrance examination method at that time "basically not jumping out of the bourgeois examination system", and decided to postpone the entrance examination for colleges and universities for half a year in 1966. In fact, it is to suspend classes for half a year for college students nationwide to engage in the "Cultural Revolution" movement.

On June 18th, People’s Daily published the decisions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council, and published an editorial entitled "Do a good job in the cultural revolution thoroughly and reform the education system thoroughly". The editorial said: "The old entrance examination system has become a stumbling block to the cause of socialist education and the great proletarian cultural revolution." On June 27th, the Ministry of Higher Education issued a notice that the enrollment of graduate students in 1966 and 1967 was suspended. ［9］

On July 24th, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Notice on the Reform of Enrollment in Colleges and Universities. The circular pointed out that since liberation, although the methods of college entrance examination have been continuously improved, they have basically not jumped out of the bourgeois examination system. Decided to cancel the exam and adopt a combination of recommendation and selection. This became the method of university enrollment in the early 1970s.

However, once the "Cultural Revolution" is launched, it is difficult to proceed according to the wishes of the initiators and leaders, and it is often "the opposite direction". First, "suspension of classes and revolting" (June 1966), the enrollment of colleges and universities was stopped; Then there was "resumption of classes and revolting" (early 1967); Then, the workers’ propaganda team and the military propaganda team were assigned to colleges and universities to disperse the Red Guards (August 1968); Mobilizing junior and senior high school graduates to go to the countryside (December, 1968) was actually a way of forcibly mobilizing a large number of urban educated youth to go to the countryside, which led to the biggest interruption of human capital investment and accumulation since the founding of New China.

Third, the "Cultural Revolution" loss of human capital

The impact, interruption and even long-term impact of the "Cultural Revolution" on the accumulation process of high human capital (mainly refers to the population with college education or above) and medium human capital (refers to the population with secondary college education) was called "the biggest loss" by Deng Xiaoping, which delayed a generation.

The university stopped enrolling students for four years, and the number of students in the university dropped significantly (see attached table). It is conservatively estimated that during the "Cultural Revolution", if 1965 is taken as the base, tens of thousands of graduate students, 1 million college graduates and 2 million secondary school graduates were less trained nationwide. The actual number may be even larger, because the enrollment rate of universities or high schools in China is much lower than that of countries with the same income level. In 1979, after the college entrance examination was resumed for three consecutive years, the university enrollment rate in China was only 1.2%, which was only half of the average of other low-income countries and only a quarter of the average of developing countries. [10] In addition, the recruitment of overseas students was stopped for six years (from 1966 to 1971).

Secondary school education has also been severely impacted, with the number of students enrolled dropping, even stopping enrolling, and the number of students in school dropping sharply. In 1979, the total number of students in vocational and technical schools was only 1.4 million, far below the level in 1965; The number of students in vocational and technical schools accounts for 2.4% of the total number of students in all secondary schools, far below the average of 11% in developing countries. Part of the result of this situation is that in 1979, only 0.5% of the workforce received higher education, and only 0.9% received secondary technical or vocational education (many of them were teachers). ［10］（pp.92，93）

On October 22, 1977, when Deng Xiaoping met with a delegation from the Korean Central News Agency, he said that the Gang of Four had caused great damage in various fields, and the most damaged areas were education, science and technology. The destruction of education is not reading, which makes the scientific research team lack successors. [11] This is why Deng Xiaoping changed the original enrollment plan of colleges and universities and advocated the restoration of the unified examination system for college enrollment.

Fourth, Deng Xiaoping: Take the education front as the breakthrough of reform and opening up.

Deng Xiaoping promotes reform and opening up, and also chooses the education front as a breakthrough.

On the question of whether to restore the unified examination system for college enrollment, the focus of debate is whether to continue along the so-called "Cultural Revolution" or turn to the normal entrance examination practice that conforms to the laws and characteristics of modern education development. This is not only a dispute about the route, but also a dispute about the basic common sense of human capital investment, and it is also a livelihood event involving thousands of families. Only through social practice can we distinguish right from wrong.

As early as 1975, faced with many obstacles, Deng Xiaoping proposed to let the army take the lead and set up a National University of Defense Technology in the army to recruit students directly from high schools. On May 24, 1977, Deng Xiaoping, who had not yet officially returned, told Wang Zhen and Deng Liqun that Japan had paid attention to science and technology and education since the Meiji Restoration, and spent a lot of effort. Meiji Restoration is a reform carried out by Japan’s new bourgeoisie. As the proletariat, we should do better than them. He clearly pointed out that scientific research must be accompanied by education. He specifically mentioned that it is necessary to pass strict examinations and concentrate the best people in key middle schools and universities. He also said that if he comes out to work and is in charge of science, technology and education, he hopes that from now on, starting from primary school, he will see small results in five years, see results in 10 years, and see great results in 15 years and 20 years. ［12］

Under the direct leadership of Deng Xiaoping, the Ministry of Education has greatly improved the enrollment system of colleges and universities, changed the practice of not taking exams during the "Cultural Revolution", and resumed the method of unified examination and merit-based admission.

From June 29th to July 15th, the Ministry of Education held the first symposium on college enrollment, which discussed and solved some problems such as the qualifications of students taking the college entrance examination, and put forward the enrollment plan for colleges and universities.

On July 23, Deng Xiaoping said: "Education should walk on two legs and have a focus. Universities should recruit students from workers, peasants and soldiers, and key schools can recruit students from fresh high school graduates. " [11] (P.165) He also said, "No matter how many college students you recruit, you must take the exam. If you fail the exam, you can’t take it. My children can’t pass the exam, and they can’t go through the back door. " ［13］

On July 29th, Deng Xiaoping talked about education with Fang Yi and Liu Xiyao, and proposed that "a number of key universities should be grasped, which are the centers of education and scientific research". He also proposed, "There are several issues to consider: First, whether to abolish the practice that high school graduates have to work for two years before they can go to college? Second, we must adhere to the examination system, and key schools must insist on failing to repeat grades. We should have a clear attitude towards this. Third, we should make a report outline and put forward principles, policies and measures. The relationship between education and scientific research is very close. We should pay close attention to it, start with education, and have specific measures, otherwise it will be an empty gun. " [11] (P.167) At that time, this decision caused great controversy. On August 1st, Deng Xiaoping, Fang Yi and Liu Xiyao talked about education again. He pointed out that education should be run on two legs, and schools can take various forms. The overall goal is to train a group of people as soon as possible. The fundamental plan is to start with education and primary schools, otherwise catching up will become empty talk. The number of key schools should not be too small, so we should start to designate them immediately. Walk on two legs, but with emphasis. Key universities recruit students directly from high school graduates. When compiling teaching materials, we must absorb advanced things from the world and make foreign things serve China, especially in natural science. From the beginning of teaching the most advanced things, students will be inspired to develop in a broader and deeper direction, which is promising. [11] (pp. 168 ~ 169) He also said that for those young intellectuals who have reached a higher level through self-study,It is necessary to study how and how to select them back. There are thousands of such people, so we should pay great attention to them, cherish them and do everything possible to recruit them back to college or graduate school. ［14］

On August 6th, Deng Xiaoping presided over a symposium on science and education. He proposed: "The new education system will be implemented from next year. To make preparations this year, we should determine the academic system, teaching materials, teachers, students’ sources, enrollment system, examination system and assessment system, and do a good job. Don’t make frequent changes after doing a good job. Of course, small changes are still possible. " He proposed, "Take back the original enrollment report and rewrite it according to everyone’s opinions. Enrollment involves millions of young people who go to the countryside. We should come up with a way to select outstanding talents without causing fluctuations. Key schools should recruit students in a unified way. This year, I am determined to enroll students as required, and the students recruited must meet the requirements. " ［11］（pp.175，176）

On August 8th, Deng Xiaoping firmly stated that this year, he would make up his mind to resume accepting students directly from high school graduates and stop making recommendations from the masses. Recruiting students directly from senior high school is a good way to produce talents and results early. ［11］（p.179）

From 17 August to 25 September, the Ministry of Education held another national conference on enrollment in Beijing Friendship Hotel. The enrollment targets determined by this conference were: workers, peasants, educated youths who went to the countryside and returned to their hometowns (including those who have not been assigned jobs according to the policy), demobilized soldiers, cadres and fresh high school graduates, aged about 20, but not more than 25, unmarried. Those who are rich in practical experience and have made achievements or have expertise in research can be relaxed to 30 years old, regardless of their marriage. ［15］

On August 18th, Deng Xiaoping reviewed and agreed to the "Request for Instructions on Delaying Enrollment and Freshmen’s Opening Time" submitted by the Ministry of Education. The report stated that colleges and secondary specialized schools had planned to start enrolling students in August and freshmen would start school in mid-November. According to Vice Chairman Deng’s instructions, we will greatly improve the enrollment system of colleges and universities, and the enrollment time will be postponed to the fourth quarter. Freshmen in 1977 will enter school before the end of February next year (referring to 1978), which will be postponed for three months (including winter vacation). ［11］（p.185）

On September 25th, the National Conference on Enrollment of Colleges and Universities decided to change the practice of not taking exams during the "Cultural Revolution" and restore the method of unified examination and merit-based admission. ［11］（p.185）

In 1977, the college entrance examination was postponed to the fourth quarter. In December, about 5.7 million young people in China took the entrance examination for colleges and universities. The candidates were graduates from 1966 to 1977, aged between 15 and 16 and in their thirties. Colleges and universities selected 273,000 students, and the admission rate was the lowest since the founding of New China, only 4.8%. The freshmen were admitted around February 1978. ［16］

In July 1978, another 6.1 million people took the second national college entrance examination. Two recruitment examinations with a total of more than 11.8 million people set a record in the history of higher education examinations in China and even the world. [17] This fully reflects the strong desire of this generation to go to school, to be knowledgeable, and to change their own destiny. They finally got the chance to make their own choices.

This is Deng Xiaoping’s first major decision after his comeback. It took only a few months from putting forward the idea (May 1977) to making a decision (October 1977) and then implementing it (December 1977). A year later, at the end of 1978, the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed that the major decision of reform and opening up was the second largest decision. The author calls this first major decision the "seed" of reform and opening-up. It was Deng Xiaoping’s decision to resume the college entrance examination, which planted the "seed" of human capital for China’s modernization, and achieved the situation of "taking root, flowering and bearing fruit" in the later reform and opening-up.

In 1982, when college students of Grade 7-7 and Grade 7-8 graduated, there were about 6.1 million people with college education, accounting for only 0.615% of the total population. By 2013, there will be about 130 million people with college degree or above in China, accounting for 9.6% of the total population, which has surpassed the total population of Japan (127 million)!

Six, resume the recruitment of graduate students, establish a degree system with China characteristics.

In 1978, it was the first year that China resumed the postgraduate system.

On August 4, 1977, Deng Xiaoping proposed that those young intellectuals who went to the countryside to reach a higher level through self-study should do everything possible to find them to come back to college or become graduate students. He also specifically mentioned that in a few years, universities should focus on training graduate students, so that researchers can grow rapidly. This is a matter of policy, so that people can get out faster. I believe that Chinese is smart and will produce a lot of talents. [11] (p.173) This shows that Deng Xiaoping is very clear that the cultivation of high-end talents needs to start with the cultivation of graduate students.

It was under the direct impetus of Deng Xiaoping that in January 1978, the Ministry of Education and the State Planning Commission formulated the national postgraduate enrollment plan. [11] (p.255) On February 28th, China Academy of Social Sciences decided to recruit graduate students for the whole country. In that year, more than 10,500 graduate students were enrolled in China. This figure is close to the total number of graduate students trained in the 17 years before the "Cultural Revolution" (referring to 1949-1966). ［16］（pp.107,193）

While recruiting college students and graduate students in an all-round way, Deng Xiaoping and others have encountered new problems. As a modern university education, should we implement a degree system? If the degree system is to be implemented, what kind of degree system will be adopted? Which system can better represent the world trend?

Implementing the degree system is an important institutional arrangement for a country to train high-level talents, and it is also a basic system generally adopted by modern countries. There are different models and practices in the world: one is the three-level degree system generally adopted by western countries, that is, the establishment of bachelor’s, master’s and doctoral degrees. In April 1935, China introduced and imitated the degree system implemented in the United States. By the time New China was founded in 1949, more than 200 people had obtained master’s degrees. The other is the two-level degree system adopted by the Soviet Union, that is, there are only doctoral and associate doctoral degrees, and there are no undergraduate degrees. Due to the influence of the Soviet higher education system after the founding of New China, the three-level degree system in western countries was no longer adopted, and only postgraduate education was implemented. Postgraduates were enrolled in 1950, and by 1965, more than 22,700 people had been enrolled.

From 1961 to 1964, the academic degree regulations drafted by Nie Rongzhen, vice premier of the State Council and director of the State Science and Technology Commission, were basically based on the Soviet model, but this regulation did not become a formal system.

When Deng Xiaoping considered what kind of degree system China was planning to build, two important figures played a key role, one was Hu Qiaomu, and the other was Jiang Nanxiang. This is related to the fact that they all studied in Tsinghua University and understood the western degree system.

Jiang Nanxiang, Minister of Education, personally presided over the drafting of the Regulations on Academic Degrees in People’s Republic of China (PRC) (Draft), which was adopted in the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) on February 12, 1980 and came into force on January 1, 1981. In this regard, Jiang Nanxiang explained that the proposed academic degree regulations adopted a three-level academic degree system, so as to communicate with the internationally accepted academic degree system, which is conducive to sending international students and international academic exchanges. The proposed degree system has China characteristics: First, we must adhere to the socialist orientation. We should promote the growth of "red and specialized" senior professionals through the degree system, and ask different degree applicants to support the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership and the socialist system. Second, we must emphasize the principle of combining theory with practice. Degree applicants at all levels should not only reach a considerable academic level in the basic theory and expertise of this subject, but also have the corresponding ability to solve practical problems, and neither of them can be neglected. Third, we must implement the principle of quality first, and our country’s degree system should be worthy of the name.

From July 26th to August 2nd, 1981, the first meeting of the Discipline Appraisal Committee of the State Council Academic Degrees Committee awarded 805 doctoral programs in China, which could instruct 1,143 doctoral tutors. There are 2,957 professional programs that award master’s degrees. ［16］（p.460）

Seven, Deng Xiaoping proposed to send students abroad.

On August 8, 1977, Deng Xiaoping presided over the symposium on science and education, and put forward the idea of sending people to study abroad for the first time. ［11］（p.179）

On June 22, 1978, Deng Xiaoping Tong Fangyi, Jiang Nanxiang, Liu Xiyao, etc. talked and suggested that it is worthwhile to spend more money on increasing the number of overseas students. This is one of the important ways to achieve quick results in five years and improve China’s scientific level. [11] (P.331) reflects Deng Xiaoping’s strategic vision of cultivating high-end talents.

On July 10th, Deng Xiaoping met with Frank Press, Science and Technology Advisor to the President of the United States and Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy. Press hopes that this trip will lay the foundation for China and the United States to sign agreements on agricultural exchanges, space technology and exchanges between international students and scholars, and he also suggests to Deng Xiaoping that China send 20-30 students to study in the United States. To Press’s complete surprise, Deng Xiaoping suggested that the United States accept 700 science students from China, and the goal in the next few years is tens of thousands. Press immediately called President Carter, woke him up from his sleep at 3 am, and asked him to approve China to send 700 students to study in the United States, and more students would be welcome in the next few years. Later, Carter readily agreed to the Chinese request. ［18］

On August 4th, the Ministry of Education issued a notice according to the instructions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. In 1978, the number of overseas students (including college students, advanced students and graduate students) increased to more than 3,000, mainly for studying science and engineering (including agriculture and medicine) related majors. [16] (p.142) On August 20th, Deng Xiaoping approved the Ministry of Education’s "Several Instructions on Sending Overseas Students", and agreed to send 3,000 overseas students in 1978, with the focus on advanced students and graduate students. ［11］（p.354）

At the end of August, the People’s Letters Summary reported that a student from Shanghai Hongkou Model Middle School requested to study in Japan at his own expense. Deng Xiaoping agreed to Fang Yi’s "permission" reply. [11] (P.365) So far, the way of studying abroad at one’s own expense has been opened.

In the second half of 1978, the first batch of international students from China arrived in the United States. In 1979, there were 1025 international students studying in the United States. By 1984, the number of international students had reached 14,000, two thirds of whom were studying physics, medicine and engineering. Peking University and Tsinghua University are even called "preparatory schools" for public science students studying in the United States. ［18］（p.128）

On July 16th, 1982, the State Council approved the Regulations of the Ministry of Education and other departments on studying abroad at one’s own expense, and put forward that studying abroad at one’s own expense is a channel for cultivating talents. [16] (pp.556-557) Since then, studying abroad at one’s own expense has gradually developed into the main channel for studying abroad.

Eight, Deng Xiaoping agreed to establish a postdoctoral mobile station system to cultivate high-end talents.

On May 21st, 1985, Deng Xiaoping met with Professor Li Zhengdao and his wife to exchange views on developing science and training talents. Li Zhengdao suggested to Deng Xiaoping that in order to create a favorable condition for China’s overseas researchers to return to work, more than a dozen post-doctoral mobile stations could be established as a pilot. This time, when Li Zhengdao made a presentation to Deng Xiaoping, Deng Xiaoping also specifically asked, "Why should we train postdoctoral doctors?"? When Li Zhengdao explained it, Deng Xiaoping agreed. He said: "Postdoctoral is a new thing and a new term to me. It is the first time I heard that … setting up a postdoctoral mobile station is a new method, which is very good. Combine training with use, cultivate in use, and find more advanced talents in training and use. There are too few ten postdoctoral mobile stations, and it is necessary to establish hundreds of mobile stations and become a system. " ［19］

In July 1985, China began to implement the postdoctoral system. This shows that overseas Chinese have played an important role in promoting the establishment of a modern education system in China. Deng Xiaoping’s decision has greatly promoted the establishment of high-level talent training system in China, which is a typical case of institutional change in the process of economic system reform in China.

In 1985, there were only 102 postdoctoral mobile stations in China, and by 2013, it had reached 2703. From 1985 to 2013, a total of 70,289 people left the station.

IX. Summary: Long-term Bonus of Human Capital Decision in Deng Xiaoping

Deng Xiaoping has made two important decisions on the enrollment method of colleges and universities. The first time was on June 13th, 1966. On the instructions of Mao Zedong, he and Liu Shaoqi made a decision to postpone the enrollment of colleges and universities for half a year, and proposed to reform the enrollment examination method of colleges and universities. The second time was in September 1977, after a lapse of 11 years, Deng Xiaoping pushed through the crowd, changed the original enrollment plan in 1977, postponed the enrollment of colleges and universities for half a year again, and formally proposed to Hua Guofeng and other The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) to restore the higher education examination system, which was officially approved by the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee (October 5, 1977).

The two decision-making processes have different historical backgrounds and decision-making mechanisms, so there are two different decision-making results, which also reflect the learning process of decision-makers in China, including the understanding and summary of success and failure, right and wrong. As far as Deng Xiaoping is concerned, the first decision was passive, and the second was active. Without decision-making mistakes, there is no decision-making cost. Without decision-making cost, it is difficult to reach a political consensus and make a correct decision quickly.

As early as May 1977, in view of education and science and technology, which were the hardest hit areas of the "Cultural Revolution", Deng Xiaoping once imagined that after his comeback, he would pay great attention to education. We will achieve small results in five years, great results in 10 years, and great results in 15 years and 20 years. [12] It is clear that Deng Xiaoping is not only a great politician, but also a great strategist. He made a series of human capital investment decisions, such as resuming the college entrance examination, recruiting graduate students, establishing a degree system, promoting studying abroad, and setting up postdoctoral mobile stations, which are long-term and strategic decisions, and have produced long-term human capital dividends, which in turn have profoundly affected the process of reform, opening up and socialist modernization in China.

This long-term human capital dividend is as follows (see the table on the next page): compared with 1978, 2013 is equivalent to 28.8 times the number of students in colleges and universities in 1978, 164.1 times the number of graduate students and 481.3 times the number of students studying abroad. In addition, the author estimates that the gross enrollment rate of China University was only about 0.5% in the early 1970s, less than 1% in 1978, and reached 34.5% in 2013. That is to say, according to the gross enrollment rate of universities, in 2013, the chances of college-age population in China being admitted to universities were more than 30 times that of 1978 and more than 60 times that of the early 1970s. Compared with the United States, in 1980, the number of students in colleges and universities in China was only 1.6% of that in the United States (10.475 million). By 2005, China surpassed the United States, and by 2009, China was equivalent to 122% of that in the United States. In 1980, the number of graduate students in China (21,600) was only 1.6% of that in the United States (1,343,000); in 2007, China (1,195,000) was 52.1% of that in the United States (2,294,000); in 2013, China reached 1,790,000; it is estimated that China will surpass the United States around 2015.

This all stems from Deng Xiaoping’s strategic conception, which has not returned in May 1977. We are not only grateful to Deng Xiaoping, but also want to learn from Deng Xiaoping. As the Supreme Leader said when commemorating the 110th anniversary of Comrade Deng Xiaoping’s birth, "We should learn from his far-sighted strategic thinking when commemorating Comrade Deng Xiaoping", "We have gained insight into the development trend at home and abroad and made a series of major strategic decisions concerning the long-term development of the cause of the party and the state and the future and destiny of socialism". ［20］

Deng Xiaoping’s decision on human capital investment is the most typical successful case. His far-sighted strategic thinking has not only become a long-term dividend for China’s human capital investment, but also the most precious political wealth for future generations.

Source: Compilation of Statistical Data of 60 Years in New China, China Statistics Publishing House, 2010, pp. 72-75; Statistical Abstract of China in 2014, China Statistics Publishing House, 2014, pp. 153-154.

Note: The two sets of data compared between 2013 and 1978 are calculated by the author according to the above data.

[Reference]

[1] Hu Angang: "China: Towards the 21st Century", China Environmental Science Press, 1991, pp. 174, 180 and 183.

[2] China Statistical Yearbook 1984, China Statistics Publishing House, 1984, p. 484.

[3] Hu Angang, Wang Hongchuan and Yan Yilong: Modernization of China: Human Resources and Education (1949 ~ 2030), Research on Education Development, No.1, 2015.

[4] "Selected Important Documents Since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China" Volume 1, Central Literature Publishing House, 1992, p. 11.

[5] History of People’s Republic of China (PRC), Higher Education Press and People’s Publishing House, 2013, p. 173.

[6] Biography of Mao Zedong (1949 ~ 1976) Volume II, Central Literature Publishing House, 2003, p. 1404.

[7] Mao Zedong Manuscripts Since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China, Volume 11, Central Literature Publishing House, 1996, p. 96.

[8] Chronicle of Mao Zedong (1949 ~ 1976), Volume 5, Central Literature Publishing House, 2013, p. 593.

[9] He Dongchang, editor-in-chief: "Important Educational Literature in People’s Republic of China (PRC) (1949 ~ 1997)", Hainan Publishing House, 1998, p. 1403.

[10] World Bank Economic Mission: "China: Development of Socialist Economy", China Financial and Economic Press, 1983, p. 92.

[11] The Chronicle of Deng Xiaoping (1975 ~ 1997), Central Literature Publishing House, 227.

[12] Gu Weiming: "The initial brewing of the resumption of the college entrance examination system in 1977", "Research on Contemporary China History" No.5, 2003.

[13] Yang Shengqun and Chen Jin, editor-in-chief: "Historical Turning Point 1977 ~ 1978", Life, Reading and Knowledge Joint Publishing Company, 2009, p. 49.

［14］? Yearbook of Deng Xiaoping Thought (1975 ~ 1997), Central Literature Publishing House, 2011, p. 59.

[15] Zhang Shujun and Gao Xinmin, editor-in-chief: Historical Archives of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, China Economic Publishing House, 1998, p. 412.

[16] Xu Dashen, editor-in-chief: "A Record of People’s Republic of China (PRC)" Volume 4, Jilin People’s Publishing House, 1994, p. 57.

[17] Party History Research Office of the CPC Central Committee, China National Museum: Historical Records of People’s Republic of China (PRC), Shanghai People’s Publishing House, 2009,Page 361.

[18] [America] Fu Gaoyi: "Deng Xiaoping and China’s Opening to the Outside World: Sino-US Relations from 1977 to 1979", edited by Zhu Jiamu: "Contemporary China"And its Development Path —— Proceedings of the Second International Forum on Contemporary China History, Contemporary China Press, 2010, p.Page 127.

[19] Chronicle of Deng Xiaoping (1975 ~ 1997), Central Literature Publishing House, 2004, p. 976.

[20] Supreme Leader: Speech at the Symposium to Commemorate the 110th Anniversary of Comrade Deng Xiaoping’s Birth (August 20, 2014), People’s Daily.August 21, 2014.

[Author] Hu Angang, Professor, School of Public Administration, Tsinghua University.

　Source of the article: Research on Contemporary China History

A Study on the Characters of "Xuanying Yinyi" in Seven Temple Manuscripts

By Wu Jigang

Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House

Brief introduction of the author

Wu Jigang, male, from Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, doctor of literature, associate professor of Guizhou Normal University, master tutor, member of China Exegetical Society. He has published more than 40 papers in academic books and periodicals such as Dictionary Research, Journal of Ancient Books Arrangement Research, China Social and Economic History Research, Ancient Chinese Research, Historical Literature Research, Tang History Series and Chinese History Research Collection, and has presided over five national social science fund projects and provincial and ministerial projects. Mainly engaged in Buddhist literature research, stone carving literature collation and language research.

brief Introduction of the content

The book Xuanying Yinyi, collected in the Seven Temples in Nagoya, Japan, is an ancient handwritten manuscript in the Tang Dynasty, which has important research value in the history of Chinese characters and Chinese language. This book combines handed down documents with unearthed documents, and reveals the development and use of Chinese characters by studying the phenomenon of using Chinese characters in Xuanying Yinyi, which is collected in seven temples in Japan, and provides information for the study of Chinese character history and Chinese history. At the same time, the actual use of ancient scriptures in Japanese hand-written banknotes is investigated, which provides information for the study of writing this document and Buddhist scriptures. The book is mainly discussed from five aspects: the classification and synchronic comparative study of the characters in Xuanying Yinyi, the diachronic comparative study of the characters in Xuanying Yinyi, the characteristics, causes and values of the characters in Xuanying Yinyi, and the textual research and interpretation of difficult words in Xuanying Yinyi.

preface

Buddhism spread eastward from India to China, experienced the development adapted to China’s national conditions, and then spread eastward to Korea, Japan and other countries, forming a Buddhist cultural circle with Chinese characters as the center. According to the postscript of "The Queen of Light Writes Scriptures" collected by Shanghai Library in the 12th year of Tianping in Japan (740), "I took an examination of Japanese Linggui for two years, and in the 4th year of Kaiyuan, I sent Kibi No Asomi Makibi, Abe Zhongmalu and monk Xuanyun to study in China in August; In the seventh year of Tianping, in the twenty-third year of Kaiyuan, he returned, offering music laws and Tibetan scriptures; In the 13th year, the orders of building towers were written by the states. Covered with Qingyun, and bronze to the balance, Shenhu, and Jing Yun between 70 and 80 years, the writing was the most prosperous. " There is also a postscript that "the wind of writing classics in Japan was unparalleled in Tang Kaiyuan and Tianbao". These Nara Pingan ancient scriptures handed down today provide precious clues for us to study the origin of the Tibetan scriptures written before Kaiyuan Record.

The sound and meaning of Buddhist scripture is an exegetical work to explain the sound and meaning of words in Buddhist scripture, and it is also a treasure house of knowledge worth exploring in Chinese traditional classical literature. The sound and meaning of Buddhist scriptures trace back to the grave, and the customs are examined below. The words annotated in Shuowen, Erya, Qieyun and ancient books are collected in one book, which is rich in interpretation, including hundreds of ancient books in the subset of classics and history, and more than 1,400 words that need to be explained. To some extent, it can be said that. We can compare the similarities and differences between the Tang and Song versions and the current versions, and we can get a glimpse of all the Buddhist scriptures that were collected at that time. There are not only the corpus of the Buddhist scriptures that were interpreted, but also the connection clues between the points, which contains a lot of language materials that are not contained in other high-level literary classics. It is better than the records of the Buddhist scriptures themselves in reflecting the evolution of language, and in a sense can be said to be a more comprehensive summary of the words used in Han and Tang Dynasties. The appearance and prosperity of the sound and meaning of Buddhist scriptures not only promoted the interpretation and research of Buddhist scriptures, but also provided rich supporting materials for the study of religion, philosophy, language, literature, art and the history of Sino-foreign exchanges.

"Xuanying Yinyi" is the earliest extant Buddhist scripture, which has the reputation of "a magnificent picture of words and a turtle mirror of words and sounds". There is "The Sound and Meaning of Xuanying" in the Pilu Collection in the Shuling Department of the Imperial Palace in Japan, and its content is slightly different from that in the Zhasha Collection and the Lisong Collection. Thanks to the contact and company of Japanese scholars Luo Hejun Dian and Mr. Jue Pujin, I had the honor to witness this Song version of Xuanying Yinyi when I visited the Shuling Department of the Palace Hall on February 23, 2006. According to the Records of Zhengcangyuan, the "Xuanying Yinyi" in Nara era has spread to Japan. There are seven volumes and a part of six volumes in the sacred language collection of Masakura Hospital in Nara, among which six volumes are the manuscripts of Tianping period (729-749). In the Tokyo Museum, there was a copy of the banknote that was released in the third year of Dazhi (1128, the second year of Jianyan in Song Gaozong), and it was transferred to the library of the Palace Museum in October of the fifth year of Showa (1930). I also compared these notes when I visited the library of the Palace Museum.

Horyuji, Shishan Temple, Qishi Temple, Xingsheng Temple, Western Temple, Shingong Temple and Kongoji also have some volumes of Xuanying Yinyi. The project of promoting academic research in private universities in the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, presided over by Professor Luohe Jundian of Japan International Buddhist Teaching College, aims to sort out and publish "Nara Pingan Ancient Scriptures". The first series of Japanese Ancient Scriptures Rare Books has been published, namely, 25 volumes of All Classics, Sounds and Meanings written by Xuan Ying in Kongoji, Qisi Temple, Western Temple, Institute of Historical Materials Compilation of Tokyo University and Literature Department of Kyoto University. There are volumes 1 to 4, 6 to 7, 9 to 21, and 24 to 25 in Kongoji, Tianye Mountain. Among them, the end of volume 21 is titled "The First Year of Baoyuan (1156)", the end of volumes 13, 19 and 20 is titled "The Second Year of Jiazhen (1236)", and the end of volumes 1, 4, 9, 10 and 21 are titled. Thanks to the invitation of Mr. Luo Hejun Dian, I gave a public speech on "The Academic Significance of the Study of Ancient Buddhist Scriptures —— Nara Pingan Scriptures and Dunhuang Scriptures" in Tokyo on February 25th, 2006. After the meeting, I had the honor to inspect Kongoji’s collected volumes with Mr. Luo Hejun Dian. The writing volume of Shishan Temple was written from the fourth year of Cheng ‘an to the first year of Anyuan (1174-1175), the second to fifth volumes were kept in Hiroshima University, the sixth and seventh volumes were kept in the Literature Department of Kyoto University, and the ninth and eighteenth volumes were kept in Tianli Library.The Nagoya Museum has the twelfth volume, the anti-machi Hong Wen Zhuang has the thirteenth volume, and the Dadong Memorial Library has the twenty-fifth volume. There are volumes 1 to 10, 12 to 14, 15 to 18, 21, 23 to 25 in the seven temples. Among them, the fifteenth volume was collected by Xiao Shan Wen Cun (1834-1910) and is now in the Institute of Historical Materials Compilation of the University of Tokyo. Accompanied by researchers Shangmei Jipu and Limei Chi, I compared this writing volume in the Historical Materials Compilation Institute on February 24th, 2006. Luo Hejun’s Canon "The Data Value of Writing All Classics" (World Religious Studies, No.2, 2000) points out that writing all classics is the original before deletion or alteration when compiling the block edition, and there are words that are not found in the block edition, which keep the ancient form. According to our investigation and comparison, there are similarities and differences between the written volumes of Xuanying Yinyi stored in temples such as Qisi and Kongoji and the Zhaisha collection, and they are roughly similar to the Li collection. These writing volumes and Dunhuang papers can complement each other to form a relatively complete ancient writing book "Xuanying Yinyi", and its academic value is self-evident.

The development and evolution of Chinese characters include font changes and font changes. The study of Chinese character history should not only discuss the evolution process of Chinese characters from Oracle inscriptions to regular script, but also textual research on the font changes of each specific Chinese character. In addition to the research on the evolution of fonts and glyphs, the historical situation of Chinese characters’ use is also an important part of the research on the history of Chinese characters. The Chinese translation of Buddhist scriptures coincided with the transition from official script to regular script, and the period from Han Wei to Tang and Five Dynasties, when vulgar characters appeared. For example, the Dictionary of Variant Characters of the Goryeo Tripitaka contains 31,913 variant characters in addition to 8,110 orthographic characters, so it can be said that the usage of Buddhist scriptures reflects the usage of Chinese characters from Han Wei to Tang and Five Dynasties, while the pronunciation and meaning of Buddhist scriptures mainly include words that are difficult to understand in the scriptures. These vulgar words and incorrect words in Buddhist scriptures will be more or less corrected when retranslated or later engraved, which will result in the distortion of Buddhist scriptures handed down from Han Dynasty to Tang Dynasty. When distinguishing these vulgar words and incorrect words, it is necessary to record and copy the original text accurately, and many of the words collected are not included in other dictionaries. Therefore, in reflecting the evolution of Chinese characters, the records of the sound and meaning of Buddhist scriptures are better than the records of the modern Buddhist scriptures, and the different versions of these common words and incorrect words interpreted by the sound and meaning of Buddhist scriptures in copying roughly reflect the use of common characters in different times. If the 9,353 words collected in Xu Shen’s Shuo Wen Jie Zi largely preserve the system of Xiao Zhuan,Then, we can say that the records of the sound and meaning of Buddhist scriptures and the usage of characters in each book have generally preserved the system of official changes and the usage of characters in the Han, Wei and Tang Dynasties, from which people can truly understand the dynamic evolution process of official changes of Chinese characters. From the perspective of philology, the sound and meaning of Buddhist scriptures are like a piece of rough jade, which objectively and truthfully preserves the natural form of Chinese characters, especially reflects the intermediate state of the evolution process of Chinese characters from official to official. It can not only provide more rich materials for the compilation of large dictionaries to interpret popular characters since the Eastern Han Dynasty, but also describe the evolution process of the word Lian according to the sound and meaning of Buddhist scriptures and the usage of Chinese characters in previous dynasties recorded in relevant documents, clarify all its variants and identify the mistakes of some of them.

In recent ten years, Dr. Ji Gang has devoted himself to the study of inscriptions in the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties and the sound and meaning of Xuanying, and his master’s degree thesis<玄应音义>Lexicography Research (West China Normal University, 2005) studies the collection and interpretation of words in Xuanying Yinyi from the perspective of lexicography. After that, he persevered, focusing on the point of view of philology, and wrote his doctoral thesis "Seven Temples"<玄应音义>A Study of Characters (Southwest University, 2012), which was further updated into this monograph.

Firstly, the book uses word correspondence theory and component theory to classify and study four kinds of writing phenomena in Xuanying Yinyi, such as variant characters, homographs, borrowed words and words that record transliterated loanwords. Among them, variant characters are the most diligent part, which shows the writing features of Xuanying Yinyi in the seven-temple edition comprehensively and objectively. Secondly, based on the relevant theories of lexicology research, this paper makes a synchronic and diachronic comparative study of Xuanying Yinyi with the written materials of the same era and different times, discusses the origin, evolution track and laws of the characters, and points out that there are many sources of the characters used in Xuanying Yinyi, the orthography of which is based on Shuowen, and its popular characters and popular characters mainly follow the variant characters inscribed on tablets in the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties. It is considered that the standardization of Chinese characters is Among them, the chapter "Textual Research on Difficult Words" holds that most of the difficult words marked as "not seen" and "not detailed" are variant characters, and a few are borrowed words or homonyms, which are not issued by many people.

I have studied the sound and meaning of Buddhist scriptures for many years, and naturally I also pay attention to the "Xuanying Sound and Meaning" collected in temples such as Qisi and Kongoji. In 2002, I went to Aichi Prefecture University to attend the 11th annual meeting of the International Association of Chinese Linguistics in China. At this time, Dr. Xiaohong has settled in Nagoya. During the chat, I mentioned that the twelfth volume of "Xuanying Yinyi" collected by Shishan Temple is now in Nagoya Museum. I read photocopies in China, and some words are not printed clearly. I really want to go to Nagoya Museum to see the original. At that time, I lamented that I couldn’t make full use of this unique condition to inspect the Japanese books as Dr. Xiaohong was in Japan. Fortunately, for more than 30 years, Professor Akihiro Koya, Kenji Yichuan, Masaji Hirata, Yasushi Shinichi, Jundian Luohe, Haretoshi Ishizuka, Masasuke Ikeda, Kei Nakasatomi, Haruhiko Sato, Keishi Uchida, Ryoko Setoguchi, Takashi Takehiko, Ding Feng, Xiaohong Liang and Professor Shen Guowei have helped to copy and send relevant materials, and also included some Japanese collections. In January of this year, he was also arranged by Dr. Li Naiqi of Hokkaido University to accompany him to inspect the Mubu and the remnants of All Classics, Sounds and Meanings, the Tang manuscripts collected by Xingyu Bookstore, and also visited the Shishan Temple in Kyoto and the Seventh Temple in Nagoya, where the volumes of All Classics, Sounds and Meanings were collected. The abbot of Chengqi Temple warmly entertained him and looked at the ancient scriptures collected in Qisi Temple. He truly felt that life was predestined and blessed the soul. The Seventh Temple was built in the seventh year of Tianping in Nara era (735).The official name is Fusi, Dean of Daoyuanshan Zhengjue. According to the article "All Classics of the Seven Temples and Ancient Yi Classics" (Study on Buddhist History, Volume 33, No.2, 1990), the scriptures stored in the Seven Temples originated from the ancient scriptures written in Nara. Among them, there are many ancient classics with high academic value, such as Three Views of Mahayana Entering the Tao with the signature of "Luo Shizao", Biography of South China Sea Returned to Inner France by Tang Yizhuan, Biography of A?vagho?a Bodhisattva and so on. Following Dr. Gang’s prosperous years, his scholarship is rigorous and practical, and his book "Seven Temples"<玄应音义>The study of characters can be described as the painstaking efforts of several years, and it is also a new achievement in the study of the seven-temple edition of Xuanying Yinyi, which not only lays a solid foundation for the study of characters in the seven-temple edition of Xuanying Yinyi, but will also promote the further study of the seven-temple edition of Xuanying Yinyi and the Japanese collection of Xuanying Yinyi.

In recent years, the study of the sound and meaning of Buddhist scriptures and the words and expressions of Zen and Confucianism has become a new hot spot in international sinology research, but the academic circles are mixed. As we all know, all the true knowledge that has made achievements in ancient and modern times is based on solid corpus and practical evidence. The study of the sound and meaning of Buddhist scriptures and the words and expressions of Zen and Confucianism is the true knowledge that can only be done by those who are willing to sit on the bench. Only by being down-to-earth and not afraid of hard work will there be real gains. For many years, Dr. Jigang devoted himself to the study of "Xuanying Yinyi", especially in the study of characters, and he won the yif, which is really commendable. It’s disrespectful to ask for orders from me, but it’s in order not to be rude but to be humble. Here, we look forward to Dr. Ji Gang’s persistent efforts in the study of the sound and meaning of Xuanying, so that more explorations and more achievements will be made in all aspects of the study of the sound and meaning of Xuanying and Buddhist scriptures in the seven temples.

Xu Shiyi

Geng Zixia was born in Shanghai Normal University.

Data: Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House.

Editor: Xu Nuo

Mengmeng labor resources social security bureau, Manzhouli City, Erenhot City Human Resources and Social Security Bureau:

In order to standardize the procedures for identifying people with employment difficultiesNow, the "measures" for the identification of people with employment difficulties in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region are issued to you, please implement them carefully.

　

Measures for the Identification of Persons with Employment Difficulties in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

　

In order to further standardize the procedures for identifying people with employment difficulties, improve the employment assistance system, according to the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Employment Promotion Law, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Employment Promotion Regulations, the State Council’s Opinions on Doing a Good Job in Promoting Employment in the Current and Future Period (Guo Fa [2018] No.39) and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People’s Government’s Implementation Opinions on Doing a Good Job in Promoting Employment in the Current and Future Period (Internal Affairs Fa [2019] No.4), combined with the actual situation of the autonomous region.

I. Scope and Identification Criteria

Persons with employment difficulties refer to the following persons who are within the legal working age, have the ability to work, have employment aspirations and have registered for unemployment among urban permanent residents.Category 6 personnel.

(1) Older unemployed persons.Refers to continuous residence in the usual place.Women who have participated in social insurance for urban workers for more than 6 months and more than 1 year are over 40 years old, and men are over 50 years old and unemployed.

(2) Persons with disabilities.Refers to the disabled who hold the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Disabled Persons’ Card.

(3) Family members with zero employment.Refers to the same family accountTwo or more family members who live together and have the ability to work and employment requirements within the legal working age are registered as unemployed and have no business or investment income.

(4) Land-lost farmers and herdsmen.Refers to the unified land acquisition by the government at or above the county level according to law.Farmers and herdsmen who have completely lost their original contracted farmland or grassland, and whose women are over 40 years old and whose men are over 50 years old. People who are enjoying the monthly compensation standard for land acquisition higher than the local unemployment insurance standard are not included in this category.

(5) Long-term unemployed persons.Refers to those who are enjoying the minimum living allowance.Unemployed persons who have been registered as unemployed for more than one year and whose women are over 35 years old and whose men are over 45 years old.

(6) College graduates with employment difficulties.Refers to leaving schoolCollege graduates who have never been employed for 2 years or more (college graduates mainly refer to students who graduated from full-time colleges and universities).

Second, the identification procedure

(1) Voluntary application.Persons meeting one of the above conditions, you can submit an application to the community public employment service platform in your permanent residence [Xiangsumu Township (street) public employment service platform without a community], fill in the Approval Form for the Identification of Persons with Employment Difficulties in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and provide your ID card (or social security card or Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate) (non-local household registration personnel should provide proof of residence). At the same time, according to the scope and identification standards, different categories of personnel should also provide the following requirements:

1. Disabled persons provide the Disabled Persons’ Card of People’s Republic of China (PRC) issued by the Disabled Persons’ Federation;

2 landless farmers and herdsmen need to provide relevant certification materials for land acquisition;

3. College graduates with employment difficulties provide proof materials such as graduation certificates;

4. The long-term unemployed provide the minimum living guarantee certificate issued by the civil affairs department.

Public employment service agencies can also take"Workers’ written commitment"+Acceptance by means of "departmental information verification". Proof materials of zero-employment family members and proof of social insurance payment are obtained from the human resources and social security departments.

(2) Accepting the audit.After accepting the community public employment service platform,, to check the completeness and accuracy of the contents in the Examination and Approval Form for Employment Difficulties in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and to be investigated and verified by full-time staff. Those who meet the requirements should enter relevant information in the module of "Employment Difficulties Identification Application" in the core business subsystem of the Autonomous Region, sign their opinions and affix their seals, put forward an application for identification, and report it to the public employment service platform of Sumu township (street). Do not meet the conditions for identification, in the "Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region employment difficulties personnel to apply for identification and approval form" to indicate the reasons, and inform the applicant.

(3) review and publicity.Sumu township(street) public employment service platform to review the application materials, publicity within the jurisdiction of 3 working days. Publicity without objection, in line with the conditions of the signing of the preliminary identification opinions stamped after the summary report flag county public employment service institutions. Do not meet the conditions for identification, in the "Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region employment difficulties personnel to apply for identification and approval form" to indicate the reasons, and inform the applicant.

(4) Examination and confirmation.County-level public employment service agencies to identify the application materials.If it is found to meet the requirements after examination, it shall be examined and identified in the module of "Identification and Approval of Persons with Employment Difficulties" in the core business subsystem of labor and employment in the autonomous region, and the approval form for the identification of persons with employment difficulties in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region shall be signed and stamped with the official seal, and the type and approval time of persons with employment difficulties shall be indicated on the Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate. If the review fails, the reasons shall be indicated in the Examination and Approval Form for Employment Difficulties in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which shall be returned in the system, and the applicant shall be informed in time by the community public employment service platform in the first instance.

(5) Time limit for handling.Community public employment service platform should be acceptedCompleted within 5 working days. Sumu township (street) public employment service platform and Qixian (urban) public employment service institutions should be completed within 7 working days.

Third, the exit mechanism

Establish exit mechanism for people with employment difficulties, the implementation of real-name registration system dynamic management. Under any of the following circumstances, the identified persons with employment difficulties shall be cancelled, and the relevant information shall be recorded in the "core business subsystem of labor and employment in the autonomous region", and the identification of the persons with employment difficulties shall be cancelled.

(a) school, military service, death, emigration;

(2) Being sentenced to prison for execution;

(three) I applied for withdrawal from aid or termination of employment demand, or refused to accept public employment services for more than three times;

(four) have enjoyed the basic old-age insurance benefits, or reached the statutory retirement age;

(five) enjoy the employment assistance policy expires;

(six) other circumstances that should not be identified as employment difficulties.

Fourth, management services

(a) public employment service agencies should take necessary measures to verify the unemployment status of those who apply for employment difficulties. Mainly through the comparison with the internal system information such as social insurance registration, labor and employment filing, and sharing with market supervision and management, civil affairs, taxation, transportation management and other departments for verification. If it cannot be verified through the above channels, it can be determined by combining personal commitment with staff survey.

(II) Those who have been identified as people with employment difficulties shall regularly go to Sumu township (street) or community public employment service platform for identity verification every year. Those who fail to carry out the examination according to the provisions shall be deemed to have automatically withdrawn from employment assistance for people with employment difficulties. The specific inspection time shall be determined by the employment service agencies of counties (cities, districts).

(III) Sumu township (street) or community public employment service platform should strengthen online information comparison, offline survey visits, timely grasp the changes of people with employment difficulties, and terminate employment assistance for those who do not belong to the identity of people with employment difficulties. Counties (cities, districts) employment service agencies should implement regular or irregular spot checks on people with employment difficulties. If they find that they do not meet the conditions of people with employment difficulties, they will withdraw from the identification of people with employment difficulties and terminate employment assistance.

(four) for those who have withdrawn from the employment difficulties, they shall apply again. If they meet the conditions, they shall be re-identified according to the regulations.

(5) If the applicant provides false certificates or makes false promises, it shall be dealt with according to the law and regulations, and shall be included in the credit records of human resources and social security. The public employment service institutions in counties (cities, districts) shall revoke the recognition, recover the undeserved employment subsidy funds according to law, and report the dishonesty to the lead department of social credit system construction to determine the degree of dishonesty, and take corresponding measures to punish them according to different degrees.

V. Supervision and management

(a) counties (cities, districts) public employment service institutions should establish guidance, supervision and inspection mechanism for the identification of urban employment difficulties. Report the implementation of the measures and the problems found to the public employment service agency at the next higher level in a timely manner. Community, Sumu township (street) public employment service platform should be strictly in accordance with the prescribed procedures and requirements, conscientiously do a good job in the audit and identification of people with employment difficulties, and accept the supervision and inspection of relevant departments and society.

(II) Counties (cities, districts) human resources and social security departments should include the employment of people with employment difficulties in the annual work assessment objectives, establish and improve the supervision and assessment system, and ensure that employment assistance measures are put in place. It is necessary to strengthen supervision and inspection of the work of identifying people with employment difficulties. If the relevant departments violate the regulations in the process of identifying people with employment difficulties, the relevant personnel shall be seriously investigated for responsibility according to relevant regulations.

This approach sinceIt will be implemented on May 1, 2020, and the original Measures for the Identification of Persons with Employment Difficulties in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region will be abolished at the same time. According to the original "Measures for the Identification of Persons with Employment Difficulties in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region", the persons with employment difficulties have been identified and continue to enjoy the policy until the expiration.

　

Attachment: Approval Form for Employment Difficulties in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

　

　

Scan to view the current page on your mobile phone.

Jin Yang network reporter Liang Xuhao and correspondent Sui Huanxuan reported: The sky is dry and the things are dry, and the dust pollution is also coming. The monitoring data show that the average concentration of PM10 at Zhenlong National Control Point in Huangpu District of Guangzhou is the highest among the 10 national control points, and the increase is the largest. What caused the PM10 concentration at Zhenlong Monitoring Point to soar? 　

On the 13th, the reporter followed the law enforcement officers of Guangzhou Ecological Environment Bureau to visit several construction sites of Sino-Singapore Knowledge City near the monitoring point, and found that there were still cases where dust pollution prevention measures were not in place. During the construction of many construction sites, dust was flying all over the sky, and the fog gun dust remover was ineffective. In this regard, the municipal ecological environment department has taken measures to deal with it according to law. 　

At the end of the year, PM10 pollution intensified in the sprint construction site. 　

According to the research of the municipal ecological environment department, 58% of the sources of PM10 in Guangzhou are dust sources, and the proportion in the central city is as high as 68%. The lowest cost and fastest effective measure to reduce PM10 concentration is to effectively control dust pollution. However, at present, a large number of construction sites in the city have entered the sprint construction stage, and some construction sites still have the phenomenon that the "six 100%" requirements for dust pollution control have not been implemented, such as bare soil and no sprinkler spray, which has aggravated PM10 pollution. 　

The monitoring shows that from January to November, 2019, the average concentration of PM10 at Longguo Control Point in Huangpu Town, Guangzhou was the highest among the 10 national control points, with the largest increase. On December 1-10, the average concentration of PM10 at this point was about 1.2 times that of the other nine national control points. 　

At the intersection of Jiulong Avenue and Zhenlong Avenue, the construction is in full swing. A lot of loess has been excavated and piled up on the pavement or sidewalk. Some workers are burying huge drainage pipes underground, and some workers are operating cranes to plant trees in the pit. The reporter visually observed that the lot was at least carrying out greening and laying pipelines at the same time. 　

At the opposite position of the gas station at the intersection, several excavators were working intensively, and the loess was exposed and dusty. Mr. Zhong, the person in charge of the site, told the reporter: "This is the interchange project between Jiulong Avenue and Guangshan Road. It has been going on for several months, and now it will be finished soon. It will be completed by burying the drainage pipe, which is just these two days."　　

The dust on the construction site is flying, but the fog machine is a decoration 　

Construction goes on as scheduled, but how to prevent dust? The reporter found that a small gun fog machine was placed on a small open space opposite the construction site and on the road, but the wires of the machine had been buried in loess, and the machine was covered with thick dust and was not used at all. 　

When asked why there was a gun fog machine but it was not used, Mr. Zhong, the person in charge of the construction site, did not answer. Instead, he told the reporter: "We have sprinklers, but vehicles are walking around. First of all, we must ensure the sprinkling of roads. Moreover, water can’t be sprinkled too much, mud will affect the construction, and it will also be complained by surrounding residents. " After waiting for a few minutes at the construction site, I finally saw the figure of a small sprinkler, but the vehicle just drove near the construction site and suddenly turned around and left. 　

Then, the reporter and eco-environmental law enforcement officers came to the Unicom project site of Innovation Avenue in Knowledge City to face the road, and all the green belts in the middle of the road were dug up, exposing a lot of loess, which was completely uncovered; Moreover, there are many construction facilities piled up on the road, several workers are mixing sand and gravel in the open air, and many passing vehicles are also totally embarassed.　　

Focus on the supervision of construction sites and road dust, open burning, etc.

After the on-site investigation, the law enforcement officers of the ecological environment entered the problems of the above two construction sites into the law enforcement APP and handed them over to the relevant departments for processing. 　

The relevant person in charge of the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment told the reporter that the dust on the construction site is different according to the nature of the construction site, and the regulatory authorities are also different, which makes supervision difficult. At present, the management of construction sites is relatively standardized, but linear sites such as roads and greening have the characteristics of long front and short construction time, and bare soil coverage is often not in place, which makes supervision more difficult. 　

In order to effectively cope with the polluted weather caused by drought and lack of rain, the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, together with relevant departments and districts, launched a campaign to tackle PM10 pollution. The Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment has formed eight action groups, focusing on the key points of PM10 prevention and control, and conducting uninterrupted inspections from 8: 00 to 24: 00 every day, focusing on the supervision of key pollution sources such as dust from construction sites and roads, open burning, catering fumes and industrial enterprise exhaust emissions in key areas. 　

According to reports, in the next step, the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment plans to issue the "Intensive Plan for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution in Winter and Spring of 2019-2020 in Guangzhou", by strengthening various regulatory measures such as industrial emission reduction, mobile sources and non-point sources, and at the same time supervising the implementation of enhanced measures, ensuring that all measures are implemented, doing a good job in dealing with polluted weather and ensuring air quality this winter and next spring, ensuring the completion of the annual air quality improvement objectives and tasks, and fully guarding "Guangzhou Blue" 　

Add some material to the news 　

The prevention and control of dust pollution is an important part of air environmental control, but this work involves many functional departments. Many citizens often don’t know which department to report to when they find illegal operation sites. The reporter sorted out this. 　

According to the relevant provisions of the Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution in Guangdong Province, the competent departments of ecological environment, housing and urban construction, urban management, municipal sanitation, landscaping, natural resources, transportation and water administration of the provincial people’s government shall formulate and improve the technical requirements for the prevention and control of dust pollution in accordance with the division of responsibilities stipulated in these regulations. 　

Various functional departments in Guangzhou also have corresponding supervisory responsibilities according to the nature of the construction site- 　

Municipal Housing and Construction Bureau: guide and supervise the quality, safety and civilized construction management of housing construction projects, as well as the management of construction permits. 　

Transportation Bureau: Responsible for the city’s roads (including highways, urban roads, bridges and tunnels) and urban rail transit, and responsible for the quality and safety, civilized construction supervision and cost management of road and urban rail transit projects. 　

Water Affairs Bureau: responsible for the management of water engineering construction. 　

Bureau of Forestry and Landscape Architecture: Organize the implementation of key landscaping projects. 　

Port Authority: responsible for the supervision and management of port engineering construction. 　

Planning and Natural Resources Bureau: responsible for the restoration and management of mine geological environment. Responsible for the comprehensive improvement of land space, land consolidation and reclamation, and the restoration of mine geological environment. 　

Urban management and comprehensive law enforcement bureau: responsible for the organization and coordination of civilized construction and organizing the implementation of relevant regulations on civilized construction of construction projects. Responsible for the supervision and management of environmental sanitation in the city. Responsible for the management of construction waste discharge, collection, transportation and consumption.

Hua Chenyu has a strange shape.

1905 movie network news February 7th is Hua Chenyu’s 28th birthday. This afternoon, he took a photo in Weibo to thank his fans for their birthday wishes, and wrote: "Thank you, Happy Birthday and Happy Year of the Dog! ! ！”In the photo, Hua Chenyu is wearing a sweater with a cartoon pattern and a pair of loose jeans. The sunshine is handsome, but his photo pose is strange, with his mouth open, his head tilted, his waist bent and his hands drooping, which is very funny.

Hua Chenyu thanks the fans for taking photos on his 28th birthday.

Netizens have left messages saying: "You said! Did you leave your clothes in Beijing? " "Happy birthday! I wish you more and more fat in 18 years. "

　　In the past week, there was another "stormy wave" on Weibo. Not only did Volkswagen and BMW recall, but the hottest topics were once again occupied by new energy car companies and bosses. Ideality sent Weibo to answer questions from the CEO of Volkswagen, Wei came to Li Bin and bluntly said, "I don’t understand why people still buy oil cars", and Huawei Yu Chengdong brought AITO—-Q to the official listing. A series of hot topics let us see through these appearances.

　　First, Wei Lai wants to turn BBA into NBA. Li Bin bluntly said that fuel vehicles are useless.

　　Reading volume: 9.19 million

　　Event review:

　　Wei Lai proposed a new goal: to turn "BBA" into "NBA". Qin Lihong, co-founder and president of Weilai Automobile, said, "We pay more attention to the contrast with mainstream traditional fuel luxury models such as ‘BBA’. As Weilai enters the high-end market and replaces high-end mainstream luxury fuel vehicles, we should be able to turn the’ BBA’ pattern into an’ NBA’ in the future. "

　　At the same time, in the interview session after NIO DAY’s press conference, Wei Lai Li Bin once again made a surprising statement, bluntly saying, "I don’t understand at all. Why do people still buy petrol cars now? It’s only because of nostalgia that they buy petrol cars. I really can’t think of anything good about smelling petrol." Just to listen? "

　　Netizens are hotly discussing:

　　Comments:

　　Li Bin’s confidence in Wei Lai is beyond words, which will undoubtedly inject strong confidence into subordinates for the person in charge of an enterprise. Quietly, another wave of brainwashing was completed, leaving the illusion that "we are the first" in the minds of every Wei people.

　　BBA, Mercedes-Benz, BMW, Audi. This is the abbreviation of three German luxury brands in China, and now it has become a jingle in the mouth of consumers. But the formation of this jingle is not easy. On weekdays, I always say that "opportunities are reserved for those who are prepared" and "failure is the mother of success". This is actually a portrayal of BBA’s achievements and status today. Which one is not precipitation, accumulation, falling down and standing up on the way forward? Don’t forget an important factor, that is time. Without time to verify, we can’t get today’s reputation and position in the industry.

　　As a domestic new energy vehicle-making enterprise, Weilai has indeed made great progress in recent years. Although it was once on the verge of delisting, capital, policies and the market once again saved it. Personally, what it needs most now is precipitation and keeping this hard-won reputation. Perhaps everyone in Weilai’s cycling circle has a certain understanding. The brand is highly sticky and has a certain entry threshold. This is undoubtedly positive for a new brand.

　　The —ET5, the second car released on NIO DAY in Weilai, has strong competitiveness from all angles, and the model of BBA can and can completely grab the market. However, replacing BBA with NBA is obviously an arrogant and arrogant mentality. Of course, there may be deeper capital needs, which ordinary consumers cannot consider.

　　Li Bin’s words stunned everyone. The advantages and selling points of fuel vehicles have disappeared in his personal eyes. Although Li Bin responded to this sentence afterwards, I believe many people don’t pay the bill. It is not difficult to see from the comments of netizens that everyone holds opposite opinions on this sentence.

　　We don’t know whether Li Bin drifted by himself or whether there is a deeper capital demand hidden behind him, but as far as his personal remarks are concerned, it is really inappropriate. I believe that Li Bin has also experienced the goodness of fuel trucks. Whether Weilai can achieve the same order of magnitude as BBA in the future, time will give the final answer.

　　Second, Li wants to use sales to return to the CEO of Volkswagen China.

　　Reading volume: 10.23 million

　　Event review:

　　Earlier, LI CEO @ Li Xiang wrote in Weibo: "Thank you for urging, keep working hard."

　　In September last year, when talking about the extended-range power solution, the CEO of Volkswagen China said, "From the point of view of bicycles, extended-range electric vehicles have certain value, but from the point of view of the whole country and the earth, it is simply nonsense and the worst solution!" At that time, Li Xiang put forward the idea of environmental protection competition with PHEV models owned by Volkswagen.

　　A year later, the sales of bicycles in November exceeded the sum of the sales of large SUVs of Volkswagen brands in Central China.

　　Netizens are hotly discussing:

　　Comments:

　　From the sales of 1011 vehicles in 2019 to 13438 vehicles in 2021. Li ONE has proved by actual sales that it still has a certain market in the domestic market. In sharp contrast to this, the sales volume of Volkswagen declined. In 2021, the cumulative sales volume of medium and large SUVs (Tourang, Touareg, Lanjing and ID.6 series) was 12,445. Although it is not the final data, it will not be much different. The rise of upstarts also reflects that big factories are facing more difficult situations than ever before.

　　But this can fully show that Li ONE’s strength far exceeds that of the public? Can the extended program solution rub the traditional+pure electric old manufacturers on the ground? In fact, it may not be. Winning or losing is a common occurrence for military strategists. One year’s sales volume is not enough to explain all the problems. The public has its shortcomings and ideals have its strengths. In 2020-2021, the advantages and disadvantages of the two are very clear. Volkswagen has continuously encountered many problems such as the decline of product strength and internal problems. Especially in the field of new energy market, although there is an ID. Family’s continuous launch, but compared with other domestic brands, their actions are still too slow. Fortunately, the product strength is not weak, and it can still be a battle. But the price is an important factor that determines the future direction.

　　Li ONE’s main idea and large space can be regarded as its advantages. 6, 7 seats bring more choices, and the extended program can also effectively avoid the anxiety of cruising range of pure electric vehicles. Some people say that this is a way of "scratching the ball". We will not discuss this too much. After all, the decision is in the hands of consumers.

　　One victory is not all, and winning or losing a round cannot determine the outcome of the whole game. Li ONE not only wants to win this time, but the public will never be willing to lose. Predictably, the next showdown is the most exciting. But if I have to recommend it personally, I won’t recommend Li ONE for many reasons. Let’s say the simplest one. He is too ugly and has no face value.

　　3. Yu Chengdong announced the arrival of AITO car.

　　Reading volume: 58.29 million

　　Event review:

　　On December 23, Huawei’s flagship new product launch conference, the first brand-new model of AITO, Wenjie M5, was released, officially defining the luxury intelligent electric drive SUV. The endurance performance of more than 1000km far exceeds the performance of fuel vehicles such as Tesla and BBA. What is the car system provided by Huawei? What do you think, friends?

　　Netizens are hotly discussing:

　　Comments:

　　It is very necessary to spend a little time to know about the model M5, and what kind of artifact it is, which makes the circle of friends on that day extremely hot.

　　The design of the whole vehicle revolves around luxury and sports, with smooth shape and full of strength, and the wheelbase is close to 2.9m m. The interior is full of the unique scientific and technological atmosphere of new energy vehicles. The LCD dashboard is 10.4 inches, the central control screen is 15.6 inches, the panoramic canopy is 1765×1212mm, and the ultraviolet rays are isolated by 99.9%.

　　Of course, the highlight belongs to the HarmonyOS intelligent cockpit, but there are too many scientific senses and details, which can not be clearly stated in one sentence or two. Visual interaction highlights the two basic points of convenience and intuition, and it feels like using your own mobile phone and tablet. HarmonyOS has made special adaptation to speech recognition, can understand Cantonese and Sichuan dialect, can recognize the sound source of four areas, and has special optimization for "interrupting" and "invalid instructions".

　　With active noise reduction function, the car can be equipped with 19 speakers and 1000W advanced audio. Four full-range speakers are integrated in the main driver’s headrest, and Huawei has no small advantage in sound source. Some third-party software can directly provide 7.1-channel original sound source.

　　In terms of power, the front axle uses AC asynchronous motor, the rear axle uses Huawei permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the acceleration of 100 kilometers is 4.65 seconds. The three-in-one motor has oil cooling technology. The range extender has two horrible data-the compression ratio is 15: 1 and the thermal efficiency is 42%, which is basically impossible to achieve on the current pure fuel vehicle engine. The maximum power generation efficiency is 3.2 kW h/L, and the battery life of NEDC is 1250km.

　　Auxiliary driving: 1 high-perception camera, 3 millimeter-wave radars, 4 panoramic cameras and 12 ultrasonic radars. As for the camera, Bosch’s third-generation assisted driving camera is adopted, with a maximum detection angle of 100 degrees and a maximum pixel of 2.6 million. At present, L2+ assisted driving can be realized.

　　After reading these, there are only two questions in my mind. One is who is going to subvert the M5? The other is when to test drive. It is necessary to feel it. This car is worth spending some time to study and experience.

　　Fourth, the case of the female car owner of the roof rights v. Tesla was opened.

　　Reading volume: 235,000

　　Event review:

　　On December 24th, Ms. Zhang, a female car advocate of Tesla in Anyang, Henan Province, who aroused public concern because of the roof rights protection, sued Tesla TSLA and its vice president Tao Lin for a dispute over reputation rights, and held a court session in Beiguan District People’s Court of Anyang City, Henan Province. Ms. Zhang’s claims mainly include asking Tesla to stop the reputation infringement and eliminate the influence, making a written apology and publishing an apology announcement in the national media, and publishing a written apology letter to the plaintiff in the official Weibo (Weibo topped the list for 30 consecutive days), claiming 50,000 yuan for mental damages. Because Ms. Zhang hasn’t got all the information of the driving record, she filed an honorary infringement lawsuit first.

　　In addition, Tesla also filed a lawsuit against Ms. Zhang, asking her to apologize and compensate for the loss of reputation rights of 5 million yuan. Ms. Zhang said in Weibo yesterday that she had not received the notice from the court, and she would keep pace with everyone when she received it.

　　Netizens are hotly discussing:

　　Comments:

　　Presumably, everyone still remembers the rights protection event of the female car owner at the auto show. It was just after the auto show that Tesla experienced a cliff-like decline in sales, but as time went by, everyone gradually forgot about it, and Tesla’s sales rose again.

　　The owner claimed 50,000 yuan for mental damages, and Tesla counterclaimed the owner, demanding compensation for the loss of reputation rights of 5 million yuan. So, is Tesla really unkind?

　　Tesla has always been a topic of constant discussion. Almost every week, relevant news is hotly discussed in Weibo. Also on 24th, a couple in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province suddenly rushed to install a guardrail in a Tesla and fell into the river, killing both husband and wife in the car.

　　Another incredible case, is it related to vehicle control? Don’t talk nonsense until the investigation is clear, and I don’t want similar incidents to happen again.

　　The practice of car owners’ rights protection may be extreme, but there must be a reason. In any case, this matter has entered the judicial process, and we also hope to see a satisfactory ending.

　　Five, battery hidden dangers BMW recalled some domestic iX3

　　Reading volume: 63,000

　　Event review:

　　BMW Brilliance Automobile Co., Ltd. filed a recall plan with the State Administration of Market Supervision according to the requirements of the Regulations on the Management of Defective Automobile Product Recall and the Implementation Measures of the Regulations on the Management of Defective Automobile Product Recall. Since December 24, 2021, a total of 1,974 domestic iX3 electric vehicles with production dates from April 30, 2021 to August 27, 2021 have been recalled.

　　Reason for recall:

　　In this recall, the poor welding quality at the pin of the internal contact system of power battery of some vehicles may lead to the deviation between the actual value and the measured value of temperature/voltage. When the deviation value exceeds the set safety value, the vehicle will start the battery system failure protection mode, and a fault code or alarm prompt message will appear, and the output of the power battery will be cut off, resulting in power interruption while the vehicle is driving, which has potential safety hazards.

　　Solution:

　　BMW Brilliance Automobile Co., Ltd. will replace the power battery modules with welding defects for the vehicles within the recall range free of charge to eliminate the safety hazards.

　　Comments:

　　It is a pure electric vehicle made by BMW Brilliance and exported to Europe at the same time. It is self-evident that the recall is still somewhat surprising.

　　According to the data of the Federation, the cumulative sales volume of BMW iX3 in the first 11 months of 2021 was 17,759 units. According to the data, BMW iX3 had two recall records in 2021. The first time was on May 28th this year, BMW iX3 initiated a recall due to design problems in the software of the battery control unit. BMW Brilliance decided to recall 6,636 domestic iX3 electric vehicles with production dates from September 1, 2020 to April 30, 2021.

　　I hope BMW Brilliance can properly handle the after-sales problems related to the recalled vehicles as soon as possible and give consumers a satisfactory answer, which is also the attitude and responsibility of an internationally renowned manufacturer.

　　6. Volkswagen recalled some imported cars.

　　Reading volume: 66,000

　　Event review:

　　Volkswagen (China) Sales Co., Ltd. and FAW-Volkswagen Co., Ltd. filed a recall plan with the State Administration of Market Supervision according to the requirements of the Regulations on the Management of Defective Automobile Product Recall and the Measures for the Implementation of the Regulations on the Management of Defective Automobile Product Recall.

　　1. From February 28th, 2022, Volkswagen (China) Sales Co., Ltd. recalled some imported cars of 2015-2019 models produced between June 1st, 2015 and July 16th, 2019, totaling 30,639 vehicles.

　　2. Starting from February 28th, 2022, FAW-Volkswagen Automobile Co., Ltd. recalled some imported Audi A1 series cars of 2015-2018 produced between June 18th, 2015 and January 27th, 2018, totaling 6,455 vehicles.

　　The vehicles within the above-mentioned recall range are equipped with 1.2TSI and 1.4TSI engines produced in a specific time. Due to the manufacturing deviation in the production process, there may be insufficient tightening torque of the fuel rail bolts, resulting in bolt looseness during the use of the vehicles. In extreme cases, the seal of the fuel nozzle may be damaged, causing fuel leakage, and the fire risk cannot be ruled out, which has potential safety hazards.

　　Comments:

　　Again, based on the attitude and responsibility of an internationally renowned manufacturer, Volkswagen should properly handle this recall.

　　Seven, the Winter Olympics and Paralympic Games related road traffic control.

　　Reading volume: 1.28 million

　　Event review:

　　Recently, the Beijing Traffic Management Bureau issued a notice, in order to ensure the traffic operation of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics and Winter Paralympics, according to the relevant provisions of road traffic safety laws and regulations, it was decided to take traffic control measures on the following roads in a time-sharing and segmented manner. The relevant matters are hereby notified as follows:

　　1. From 0: 00 on December 26th, 2021 to 24: 00 on March 31st, 2022, Datun Road (Tianchen East Road to Beichen West Road), Tianchen East Road (Kehui South Road to National Stadium North Road), Tianchen West Road (National Stadium North Road to Datun Road), National Stadium North Road (Beichen East Road to Beichen West Road), Olympic Sports Center Middle Road (traffic light section from Beichen Road to the southeast gate of Olympic Sports Center), and

　　2. From 0: 00 on January 4, 2022 to 24: 00 on March 16, 2022, Jingli Expressway will enter and exit the two-way Hanquan service area in Beijing and the ramp in and out of the service area. Except for the nuclear vehicles and personnel of the Beijing Winter Olympics Organizing Committee, other vehicles and pedestrians are prohibited from passing.

　　3. From January 27, 2022 to February 23, 2022, Wutasi Road (from the west exit of Wutasi Road to the west wall of the Stone Carving Museum) is closed to vehicles and pedestrians except those of the Beijing Winter Olympics Organizing Committee.

　　Netizens are hotly discussing:

　　Comments:

　　The Winter Olympics is undoubtedly a top priority. For the rest, we can make way and overcome it. What else can I do? If the Winter Olympics is replaced by the World Cup, will there be another scene?

　　Weilai, Ideality, Huawei and Tesla have once again made the hot search topic in Weibo extremely lively. Technology, new cars and rights protection seem to be hot words among the new forces at present. Perhaps these words must be experienced in their development, but they still feel that they should have more technology, better experience and less negative.

Special topic: picture channel

　　　　Putin is taking a power curve for his future, no matter how tortuous the route is, leading to power is the only decision-making choice; Regardless of Putin’s future political fate, it is certain that he will still play a decisive role in Russia’s future development for a long time.

　　

　　　　Putin

　　　　During Yeltsin’s reign, Putin was not a nobody. Only in the Kremlin, he is behind the scenes. Before he became the first deputy prime minister and acting prime minister of the Russian Federation government on August 9, 1999, he was a real power figure: since August 1996, he has been the deputy director of President Yeltsin’s affairs administration, responsible for the work of the legal bureau and Russian foreign property. From 1997 to 1998, he served as deputy director of the President’s Office and director of the General Administration of Supervision of Russian President Yeltsin. Since July 24, 1998, he has served as director of the Russian Federal Security Service. In the future, he became a colonel in reserve service, replacing General Kovalev who held this post. Since March 29, 1999, he has also served as Secretary of the Security Council of the Russian Federation.

　　　　Being behind the scenes and holding such an important series of positions makes Putin’s body shrouded in a layer of fog, which makes him unclear and unpredictable. Even the mass media can’t find a "standard photo" of Putin when he takes office as the director of the Federal Security Service. In addition, his dual identity makes him more puzzled by the world: first, his KGB experience, and second, his status as a close aide to the mayor of St. Petersburg, sobchak. This also happens to be a political card in Yeltsin’s hand. In the last few months of Yeltsin’s administration, he played several "Prime Minister’s Cards", and Putin was one of these cards, but Yeltsin refused to play this card. The reason why he didn’t fight was because of Putin’s "mystery". Yeltsin wanted to use this "secret weapon" to win a key victory for himself at a critical moment. When Yeltsin chose Stepachen or Putin as prime minister, he considered this: "However, my intuition tells me that it is too early to put Putin on the stage of political struggle, and he should come out later. Too little time for political acceleration is not good, and too much may be worse. Society should not be allowed to get used to Putin in these’ lazy’ summer months. His mystery should not disappear. Unexpected and sudden factors should not disappear, factors linked with new powerful politicians. This is crucial for the election. "

　　　　Maintaining Putin’s mystery has become a key factor and an indispensable condition for the development of Russian political process today.

　　From St. Petersburg

　　　　Putin’s "KGB" experience is now known to all. However, little is known so far that Putin himself is not proud of this experience. In 1990, Putin reported his resignation to the KGB shortly after returning to Leningrad from the GDR. On August 20, 1991, the day after the "August 19 incident", Putin made a report for the second time and insisted on resigning from the "KGB". He was approved to resign. According to the rules of "KGB", the backbone personnel of "KGB" are never allowed to leave their posts, and can only be transferred to "serving as reserve backbone personnel". After Putin was allowed to resign, he ran to his friend Shadhan who worked in Leningrad TV station and said, "Igor, I want to talk frankly and sincerely about my past work. That’s it, because it’s no longer a secret, and no one can threaten me with it anymore. " Putin and Shadehan had a long conversation, and Shadehan recorded the conversation as a program. During the conversation, he asked Putin in detail about his work in the KGB, what he did and when he worked in the intelligence agency. This program was later broadcast on Leningrad TV. Putin’s resignation and "confessing" his KGB experience to the audience showed his ambition to make progress politically. He didn’t want his experience to be used in the future, which would affect the promotion of his career, so whenever someone hinted at his past to Putin later, he would say, "I told you everything." There’s nothing interesting. Everyone knows about all this. "

　　　　Before transferring from Leningrad University to St. Petersburg Municipal Government, he had an open talk with Mayor sobchak. He said to sobchak, "I should tell you that I am not only an assistant to the headmaster, but also a key officer of the KGB. However, I have resigned now. " Sobchak accepted Putin, and later he said, "He explained this decision to me because he didn’t agree with the policy initiated by the new leader of the committee. Putin went so thoroughly that he was not even included in the reserve list of his current position, so he never surpassed the rank he had when he left office in the past 10 years. " Sobchak’s evaluation of Putin is: "I have always held a negative attitude towards the KGB and have no contact with this organization, but I have complete trust in Putin. Once he told me that he broke off the relationship with the Committee, that is to say, that’s what happened. Later, I found that some people around me continued to cooperate with the KGB, but Vladimir vladimirovich did not give me reason to doubt his honesty and decency. "

　　　　Putin is really loyal to sobchak. He became sobchak’s most reliable assistant, helping him to make decisions and carry out the tasks he entrusted. When sobchak’s struggle with the highest level of power was in a losing position, even when he was imprisoned, tried and his life was in danger, Putin extended a helping hand in time, and finally planned and arranged sobchak’s escape from Paris. In 1996, when sobchak was running for mayor, Putin took the oath of "loyalty", stating that if sobchak was not elected, they would collectively resign from the municipal government. But after sobchak lost the election, Putin and many others really did this. To this end, sobchak is very grateful to Putin: "Not only did he not betray me like many others, but he also sent a letter to the highest authority to defend me."

　　　　During Putin’s tenure as deputy mayor and first deputy mayor of St. Petersburg and in charge of the work of the Foreign Economic Liaison Committee, he led the planning and implementation of the St. Petersburg Free Economic Zone, and established a joint venture to produce Coca-Cola and similar joint ventures. At this time, Putin merged with the elites from the Economics Department and Law Department of St. Petersburg University around sobchak, and became a unique person among them with his own education in the Law Department and his practice in the KGB. He has his own group of like-minded people, including Zubcov, who is now nominated by Putin as prime minister.

　　　　Putin appeared on the political stage under the banner of sobchak and began to attract attention, but Putin finally fulfilled sobchak, and because of this fulfillment, Putin was able to rank among the first-class Russian politicians. So far, people have always said that Putin brought people from St. Petersburg into the Kremlin after taking power. But the actual situation is just the opposite. It was the legal and economic elites around sobchak who first came to the Kremlin to participate in politics and take power. When sobchak lost the election and Putin "had no job", it was these people who brought Putin into the Kremlin. With the further development of Russia’s political process, the "St. Petersburg faction" regrouped around Putin and became the core force to determine the future and destiny of Russia’s development.

Speaking of the most famous model couple in the entertainment industry, Tong Dawei and Guan Yue, who have been married for nearly 13 years, are definitely on the list. This couple has been in love for many years, with two beautiful little princesses and a handsome little prince, and they have slowly grown up…

On April 3, some media released a rare photo of Tong Dawei’s family. The family of five took advantage of the sunny spring day to pick vegetables together.

In the photo, Tong Dawei is wearing a baseball cap, wearing a black cotton-padded coat, holding a basket of vegetables and smiling at the camera. Under the sunlight, his whole body is filled with happiness and warmth.

However, compared to Tong Dawei’s appearance, which had not changed much from before, what was more noticeable was that all three of Tong Dawei’s children had been exposed.

Her eldest daughter, Tong Hanyue, is now 12 years old. She has long hair, a shawl, and a strawberry in her hand. She looks down at the camera slightly.

In particular, her thick eyebrows and large eyes, coupled with her high nose bridge and small oval face, made her stand out in the photos taken at random. It is no wonder that some people think that she looks a little like "Muse" Wang Zuxian. After all, few people have this iconic eyebrow.

I still remember that in a fashion show before, Tong Dawei’s eldest daughter walked on the same stage with Duoduo, Duomei, and Li Yan, which also amazed the audience and was considered to have the aura of a supermodel at a young age.

You must know that Duoduo and Li Yan, the two famous "star second generation", have always been known for their high appearance and good temperament. In this comparison, the eldest daughter is still not defeated, and many people even think that she is more eye-catching, enough to see how high her appearance should be.

In this group of photos, there is also Tong Dawei’s second daughter, who wears black-rimmed glasses, a white T-shirt, and a small braid on her head, looking very well-behaved. Although her sister’s appearance is not as superior as her sister’s, it is slightly ordinary in comparison, but her temperament is also outstanding.

Previously, the second daughter had been invited to interview Robert Downey Jr. In an all-English environment, she was still able to answer fluently without any nervousness. Her excellent performance made the majority of netizens admire her. Not only that, she could draw and write calligraphy at a young age, which could be said to be very excellent.

Moreover, the second daughter is still young, and with time, her facial features will grow, maybe she is also a great beauty that everyone loves.

In addition to his daughter, Tong Dawei’s son also made a rare appearance. He looked very cute with a radish in his hand. From his facial features, he was quite stylish at a young age.

I have to say that Tong Dawei can definitely be regarded as a winner in life. The eldest daughter is beautiful, the second daughter is excellent, and the youngest son is very cute. The family of five is super happy.

　　　　The city management officer who was detained and injured shouted: "Go out, I will settle your family." Photo courtesy of Chongqing Commercial Daily

　　　　The brother who was beaten, provided by Chongqing Commercial Daily

　　　　On the evening of February 10, the two urban management staff in Nanjimen, Yuzhong District, made trouble after drinking, stopped the passenger taxi, forcibly asked the passengers to get off, and asked the brother to take them to the destination first. The brother dissuaded, and actually invited a beating.

　　　　At around 7:30 p.m. on the 10th, Mr. Zhao drove a Yu AT0472 taxi from Chaotianmen with two passengers to the vicinity of the 18th ladder. When the taxi arrived near the Jiefang West Road Chinese Herbal Medicine Market, two men suddenly stumbled out of the roadside and stopped the taxi.

　　　　Mr. Zhao said that he was about to ask the two what they were doing when they opened the back door and shouted "get down, get down". The passenger surnamed Wei in the car did not agree to get off. Unexpectedly, after the two forcibly dragged Mr. Wei out, they went to catch Mr. Wei’s wife on the car.

　　　　Mr. Wei said that the two were full of alcohol, and one sat on his wife. After the wife pushed the man away, the man went crazy and broke most of the hundreds of local eggs that Mr. Wei bought from the countryside.

　　　　Seeing this scene, Mr. Zhao got out of the car to dissuade them. Mr. Zhao told the two that Mr. Wei and his wife would arrive at the station a few hundred meters away, and he could return immediately to pick them up. Unexpectedly, one of the men shouted, "I am the chengguan here, this is my territory, I am the master, you must pull us to Qixinggang first."

　　　　Mr. Zhao continued to persuade, but the two men became angry and punched and kicked him. Mr. Zhao said that one of the men called four or five other men in the process and continued to beat him until he passed out.

　　　　It is understood that after Mr. Wei called the police, the attackers dispersed, leaving only the two drunk men. The police arrived and took the two men to the Nanjimen police station for investigation, while Mr. Zhao was sent to the Southwest Hospital.

　　　　That night, the reporter saw at the Nanjimen police station that the two men continued to go crazy in the detention room, and kept talking wildly. One of the short and thin men shouted: "I will go out in a while, and I will settle your house."

　　　　Yesterday, the relevant person in charge of the Nanjimen Street Office confirmed that the two men suspected of beating the brother were indeed Li and Wang, municipal supervision staff in their area. The person in charge said that it is understood that the two men drank after get off work and made trouble after drinking. The Nanjimen police station is currently investigating the matter.

　　　　The reporter learned from Southwest Hospital that the initial examination results of the injured brother Zhao were: head, face, left chest soft tissue contusion. The doctor said that Mr. Zhao needs to be hospitalized for further examination and treatment.

　　Next page:The chengguan captain responded: The attacker is a temporary worker recruited

　　According to another report by the Chongqing Times on February 12"Let me out, I’m the chengguan!" Two drunken men shouted aggressively at the Nanjimen police station after 10pm. Previously, the two stopped a taxi with passengers in the street and wanted to hit the "Overlord Taxi". After his brother Chen Dong and the passenger refused his request, the two invited three friends to beat his brother violently. At present, the Nanjimen police station has intervened in the investigation.

　　Sit on the female passenger

　　　　When Chen Dong drove to the gas station on Nanqu Road in Yuzhong District at around 8 o’clock last night, a couple waved to get on the bus and were about to reach the 18th ladder. Chen Dong drove them in the direction of Jiefang West Road. At that time, the road was a little slow and the speed was very slow. Suddenly, two men on the side of the road approached the door to stop the car, one directly opened the door and sat in the passenger seat, and the other began to pull the female passenger out of the car. After being rejected, he actually sat on the female passenger.

　　Shouting "Nanjimen, we have the final say"

　　　　At this time, the man in the back row grabbed the passenger and the couple, and the eggs carried by the female passenger were also broken. The man in the front row asked the brother to immediately drive the couple out of the car and send them to Qixinggang. Seeing that the two of them were drunk, Chen Dong made a concession and said to send the passengers to their destination first, and then come back to pick them up.

　　　　However, the two refused to do it, shouting that they were nearby chengguan law enforcement officers: "We have the final say in Nanjimen!" When the two sides grabbed, the two men made a phone call.

　　Invite 3 friends to beat up the brother passenger

　　　　"In less than two minutes, three more people came!" Chen Dong said that after the three people arrived at the scene, they beat themselves indiscriminately. "At that time, the passengers were also beaten and forcibly pulled out of the car!"

　　　　The passengers immediately called the police, and nearby citizens also surrounded them to prevent the two men from fleeing the scene. After the police arrived, they took the two to the Nanjimen police station.

　　Still very arrogant in the detention cell

　　　　At around 9:50 that night, reporters arrived at the Nanjimen police station. The two men were detained in the detention room, still very arrogant. They grabbed the railing and kept yelling: "Let me out, why lock me up! I am the chengguan!" and clamored to "kill the whole family" and other harsh words.

　　　　The police said that the two men probably drank too much alcohol and asked them to sober up before investigating. As for the identities of the two men, the police said they were still investigating. It was not until around 11 p.m., when reporters left the scene, that the two men slowly quieted down.

　　　　Yesterday, Chen Dong’s wife told reporters that the hospital had examined him and that he still vomited when he drank water and often felt dizzy. Chen’s wife said that the hospital required him to be hospitalized for observation, and that the dizziness of the head may be caused by congestion.

　　Two male identities confirmed

　　Is an urban management supervisor

　　　　Yesterday afternoon, the reporter came to the chengguan detachment of Nanjimen Street. Captain Liang told the reporter that the two men were the chengguan supervisors they recruited (temporary workers recruited, not formal chengguan), one worked for a short time, and the other had about a year. As for the three people who helped beat people, Captain Liang said they were not their team members, but their friends.

　　　　Captain Liang said that the two usually do a good job and did not expect such a thing to happen. But because they were off work at the time of the trouble, whether the two can continue to go to work depends on the investigation and handling of the public security organs. Captain Liang said: "If the investigation verifies that they have violated the relevant laws, they will be fired!" Chongqing Evening News (Chen Dong in the article is a pseudonym)

Editor in charge: Li Xiuwei

Scale, scale or scale

Author | Qin Zhangyong

In the past year, the share dispute was a matter of life and death. Even leading enterprises such as Tesla and BYD had to cut prices and fight hand in hand. The Matthew effect shattered the speed of light in the industry bubble.

But we should thank this price war.

Nowadays, the market no longer believes in beautiful stories, and begins to pay attention to who can make blood independently and who can have the advantages of scale. Only enterprises that have experienced the most intense artillery fire can exercise their strong vitality and create better products.

After ten years of development and continuous organizational changes throughout the year, Xpeng Motors’s accumulated energy began to be reflected in the financial report.

In the fourth quarter of 2023, Xpeng Motors ushered in a milestone result, delivering 60,000 units in a single season.Gross profit margin turned positive again, reaching 6.2%. In the first three quarters of last year, Tucki’s gross profit margin was negative, and in the fourth quarter, it rose by 8.9 percentage points from the previous month, and its total revenue reached 13.05 billion yuan, up 154% year-on-year and 53% from the previous month.

The most important thing is that Tucki was realized for the first time in 2023.Annual operating cash flow turned positive. By the end of last year, Xpeng Motors’s cash reserves reached 45.7 billion yuan, a net increase of 9.2 billion yuan from the previous month, and its positive free cash flow exceeded 6 billion yuan.

With these ammunition, Xpeng Motors’s thinking of solving problems is no longer limited, releasing the second brand, opening up a new sinking market, landing a big AI model, and of course, going international.

In 2023, Tucki began to quickly adjust its state and gradually climbed out of the trough.

01

More will "make money"

Gross profit margin began to turn positive, which is not a simple matter of increasing revenue and reducing expenditure. Behind it is the improvement of operating system efficiency and the gradual maturity of products and commercial capabilities, which is also the key for Tucki to cross the cycle and face the future.

Last April, it was a turning point in Xpeng Motors and was officially released.SEPA 2.0 boosting architectureThis is the only integrated aluminum die-casting and global 800V high-voltage SiC silicon carbide platform before and after mass production in China.

With this brand-new architecture, the development cycle of new cars in Tucki has been shortened by 20%, and the generalization rate of structural parts has reached 80%. The comprehensive efficiency of 800V XPOWER can be increased to 92%, surpassing 91.4% of American head brand new energy vehicles.

To sum up, reduce costs and increase efficiency.

Tucki G6 is the first strategic vehicle with a swing structure. With the advantage of platform-based research and development, the price war has been directly brought to a new dimension with a starting price of 209,900 yuan.

The 250,000-class new energy market is the most competitive price zone for car companies. Tesla, BYD and traditional giants are all desperately grabbing shares, battery costs are also ups and downs, and the public opinion environment is even more tragic. Without Tesla’s brand aura and the cost advantage of BYD’s self-made battery, it is difficult to control the cost in a short time.

The sales curve proves Tucki’s choice. After its listing in June last year, Tucki G6′ s delivery volume kept rising, successively setting a record of monthly sales exceeding 20,000, and winning the market sales champion of 200,000-250,000 grade pure electric SUV.

After the brand-new Tucki G9 went on the market, the sales volume rebounded rapidly, and the proportion of sales volume increased continuously in the brand structure. This has also helped Tucki raise the average price of bicycles,In the fourth quarter, the average price of bicycles reached 203,000 yuan, an increase of about 7,000 yuan compared with the third quarter..

The gross profit margin of automobiles reached 4.1% in the fourth quarter, compared with negative 6.1% in the third quarter of 2023.The chain increased by over 10 percentage points.

On the Q4 conference call, He Xiaopeng bluntly said that the total revenue in the fourth quarter increased month-on-month, mainly due to the rapid growth of sales of G6 and G9. With the help of platform-based R&D and scale effect, Tucki can effectively reduce the supply chain cost and manufacturing cost, and accelerate the realization of the goal of reducing BOM cost by 25% by the end of 2024.

In January this year, Tucki X9 was officially launched. As the most expensive model in Tucki, He Xiaopeng revealed that nearly 4,000 units have been delivered in two months, and it is expected that the sales volume in March and April will be greatly improved.

The income guidance given in the first quarter is 5.8-6 billion yuan. Combined with the sales guidance of 21-22,500 vehicles, it means that the average bicycle price will exceed 230,000, which is higher than that in the fourth quarter of last year. Obviously, the climb of X9 sales will inevitably increase Xiaopeng’s gross profit margin.

In this way, Xpeng Motors has also achieved it to a certain extent.Brand upward.

At the same time, with the continuous decline in the cost of lithium carbonate, including the large space for cost optimization brought by the internal organizational structure, the bicycle cost in Xpeng Motors is also declining. According to the financial report, the bicycle cost in Xpeng Motors decreased by about 10,000 yuan from the previous month to 191,000 yuan.

At this point, the route for Xpeng Motors’s gross profit to turn positive is very clear: diluting the cost with the advantage of platform, raising the selling price with the help of high-end models, and at the same time, carrying out internal structural adjustment, superimposing the natural law of reducing the cost of raw materials in the industry, and realizing positive cash flow.

02

Winning by scale

Turning the gross profit margin positive is only the beginning. How can a car company live well?

Scale, scale or scale.

Tesla’s ambition is to sell 20 million vehicles by 2030. Even if Weilai, who is holding high, is ready to launch a second brand "Ledao" to occupy a lower-priced market.

"We don’t use short-term and small-scale growth as a starting point to lay out the future."

He Xiaopeng bluntly said in the conference call that the next competition will not only depend on the short-term scale share, but also test whether the car companies will continue to lead in many dimensions such as high-quality and efficient scale, intelligence and internationalization.

Facing the future, Xpeng Motors has started the strategy of "group car-riding".

In the next three years, more than 10 brand-new models will be launched. Together with the global left and right rudder models and upgraded models, the total number of SOP models will reach nearly 30. This figure means that Xpeng Motors has got rid of the idea of start-ups.Began to develop towards all categories and globalization..

The first is a brand-new brand. Like Weilai, Tucki’s second brand is also ready to go. He Xiaopeng revealed that during the Beijing Auto Show next month, a brand-new brand for 100,000-150,000 will be officially launched, and it is committed to building the first AI smart car for young people. "This will be the most eye-catching explosion in the A-class pure electric market this year. New model."

This brand-new model will enter the C-end market first. Gu Hongdi, co-president of Xpeng Motors, said in the earnings conference call that MONA will contribute 10,000 sales every month, and such sales scale will be considered "very successful" internally.

Different from the market of more than 200,000, the new energy vehicles with 100,000-150,000 grades face greater difficulties. Companies such as Tesla and Huawei are trying to enter this market, but it is difficult to make a profit because of the high cost of batteries and smart driving systems. Not long ago, Yu Chengdong bluntly said that the cost of Huawei’s intelligent driving system is high. "Only more than 300,000 vehicles can use us to make a profit."

He Xiaopeng is also well aware of the difficulty of the market. He said that it is extremely difficult to make a good car with excellent performance in all aspects and high-level intelligent driving ability in this range, and to achieve profitability, which requires enterprises to have strong scale and systematic ability.

"Today, we are finally ready." In his view, the innovation of AI-driven smart car technology and architecture is no longer a medium-and long-term goal.AI-defined cars with autonomous driving as the core are now in progress..

At the scene of 1024 last year, Tucki revealed that the AI ? ? big model got on the bus, and now there is a clear timetable-the mass production of the AI ? ? smart driving big model got on the bus in the second quarter of this year.

This is still inseparable from the advantages of scale. At the beginning of this year, Tucki began to push XNGP to Max users in full, and the active penetration rate of users reached 83% in February. With the increase of XNGP usage, He Xiaopeng also set a KPI for the team:

I hope that XNGP’s travel experience in core areas, such as Beishangguangshen and Shenzhen, will be compared with Waymo’s Robotaxi in San Francisco.

What is certain is that with the brand-new sub-brand landing, the hardware cost of XNGP will be reduced with high probability. He Xiaopeng revealed that Xpeng Motors’s main brand will release a brand-new model in the second half of this year. "From this brand-new model, the hardware cost of XNGP has dropped by 50%."

In addition to the domestic market, Tucki also tried to replicate the advantages of scale abroad.

He Xiaopeng revealed that the expansion of overseas business has been greatly accelerated this year. In the second quarter, the international left-rudder version of G6 will be launched for the global market, and the right-rudder version of G6 will be launched in the second half of the year. In the future, we will enter Europe, Middle East, Southeast Asia and Commonwealth countries by cooperating with high-quality distributors.

03

Marketing+channel innovation

On the conference call, He Xiaopeng mentioned Wang Fengying the most frequently.

As an experienced automobile veteran, Wang Fengying’s entry into Tucki has brought about earth-shaking changes, not only a mature channel system, but also rich dealer resources. Wang Fengying is highly praised in Xpeng Motors, including He Xiaopeng.

In September last year, under the impetus of Wang Fengying, Tucki began to implement a channel reform plan called "Jupiter Plan", with the aim of eliminating inefficient direct stores and expanding the size of the stores of agent dealers. In addition to reducing costs, this innovative measure is moreLayout sales ability in advanceTo build a more efficient marketing channel system.

He Xiaopeng revealed that in 2023, a round of channel upgrading was completed, with over 130 stores eliminated at the end, and more than 160 excellent dealer partners were introduced, covering 40 new low-tier cities.

In 2024, while cultivating new stores, Tucki will accelerate the channel sinking. By the third quarter of this year, the total number of stores will increase to 600.

For the first time, He Xiaopeng responded positively to the rumor that "dealers are required to reserve inventory", saying that starting from the second quarter of this year, an innovative dealer cooperation model will be launched. By establishing short-term channel inventory for about half a month, the purpose is to speed up terminal delivery and fully activate the enthusiasm of dealers.

In fact, this adjustment in Tucki is not unusual in the automobile industry. It is an open secret that traditional car companies have pressed the dealers for inventory, and some good-looking sales figures are in many cases bought by dealers under pressure.

The inventory ratio of domestic car dealers will generally be around 2 months, and the inventory ratio of some economical family cars will even be higher. The purpose of doing so is also very simple, sales promotion.

In order to avoid the disadvantages of the traditional sales model of 4S stores, Xpeng Motors will strictly control the inventory level and the nationwide unified user purchase experience through systems and monitoring mechanisms.

In addition to the changes in dealer channels, the gameplay of marketing has also begun to adjust.

He Xiaopeng said that in 2024, a strong new marketing team will be established, paying more attention to the marketing of short videos, and reducing inefficient shopping, and upgrading from the original "car+internet" to "car+mobile internet".

For example, during the Spring Festival in Tucki, 20,000 users participated in the activity of soliciting video of car owner Spring Festival travel rush Zhijia, which also made the reputation of Tucki Zhijia spread from first-tier cities to third-and fourth-tier cities. From the recent month, the front-end planting data has increased by more than 100%.

In addition, Wang Fengying also put his own brand innovation strategy in Tucki. During the Great Wall period, Wang Fengying made Deerpika a champion in the market segment by reforming the sales model, and later gave birth to the Haval H6 with the concept of "urban SUV".

He Xiaopeng said that in terms of product planning, Xpeng Motors will insist on category innovation, because category innovation is the innovation with the greatest value, and the differentiation advantage of new categories is far greater than the "involution" of homogenized products. For example, Tucki X9 has created a new category compatible with 4-seater and 7-seater large cars. With the shape of MPV, it has largely cut off the medium and large SUV market.

In the past year, for Xpeng Motors, the external market environment, internal organizational structure, products and channels were all experiencing severe turbulence, but fortunately, Xpeng Motors stood the test.

Next, the wind and rain are still the same, the competition is still the same, and great uncertainty still hangs over every player’s head. Xpeng Motors, who has experienced artillery fire and wind and waves, has found the most suitable way for himself.