Abstract: The modernization of education in China has always been a major strategic issue and strategic choice for the country’s development. The cognition and judgment of leaders in different periods on the reality of education have an important impact on the modernization of education. China’s educational modernization process has both successful experiences and mistakes. As far as Deng Xiaoping is concerned, he has made two important decisions on the enrollment method of colleges and universities. The first time was on June 13, 1966, according to the instructions of Mao Zedong, he made a decision with Liu Shaoqi to postpone the enrollment of colleges and universities and reform the enrollment examination method of colleges and universities. The second time was in September, 1977, when Deng Xiaoping pushed through the crowd and proposed to restore the higher education examination system, which was approved by the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee. The second decision not only produced a long-term human capital dividend, but also profoundly affected the process of educational modernization in China, laying the foundation for a modern educational system.

China is a country with the largest population in the world, but also a country lacking in human capital. From the perspective of national modernization, more population has become a heavy burden of economic development, and less human capital has become an important constraint of economic development. In this sense, a large population is not necessarily a good thing, unless the population burden is transformed into human resources wealth. [1] Therefore, China should take human capital as the first capital, human resources as the first resource, and invest in people and develop human resources as its basic national policy. China’s modernization is essentially human modernization, and human modernization is essentially the continuous expansion and accumulation of human resources or human capital stock, which has become an increasingly important source of economic development and constitutes the ultimate foundation of national wealth (material wealth, social wealth, cultural wealth and ecological wealth). [1] (P.174) Leaders’ understanding of China’s basic national conditions directly affects the decision-making of human capital investment and the process of human capital accumulation, which in turn will affect the long-term dividend of human capital to China’s modernization development. From the past decades, China has also experienced a historical process of success first, then twists and turns, and then success, and gradually realized the transformation from a heavy population burden to a powerful country in human resources or human capital in the world. China has become the world’s largest number of students in higher education.

First, from a big country with illiteracy to a big country with modern education

In modern times, China is not only a laggard and latecomer of world modernization, but also a laggard and latecomer of educational modernization. It was not until the beginning of the 20th century that modern education was introduced from the west and a national education system was established. By the time New China was founded in 1949, it had been about half a century. From the perspective of higher education, only 185,000 people in China had college education or above, accounting for 3.42% of the total population? . The number of college students in China is only 117,000. [2] At that time, about 80% of the people in the country were illiterate and semi-illiterate, and the average education period of the population over 15 years old was only 1.0 years, which was a big country full of illiteracy. ［3］

After the founding of New China, China began an unprecedented cultural construction, including "implementing universal education in a planned and step-by-step manner, strengthening secondary and higher education, and paying attention to technical education" [4].

By the mid-1960s, a relatively complete modern national education system had been established in China, and the level of human capital had been significantly improved. According to the data of the second national census in 1964, the illiteracy rate dropped to 32.3%, which was half as much as 80% in 1949. The population of junior college or above reached 2.875 million, 15.5 times that of 1949, with an average annual growth rate of 21.6% from 1949 to 1964. The average educational years of the population over 15 years old in China reached 2.6 years, equivalent to 2.6 times that of 1949. During 1949-1964, the average annual growth rate was 7.06%, which was much higher than the average annual growth rate of the total population (2.08%) in the same period. Even though higher education was seriously affected by the Great Leap Forward, the number of students in institutions of higher learning dropped from 962,000 in 1960 to 674,000 in 1965 [2] (P.483), which was still the first golden age for the development of modern education in China.

Although China’s modern national education, especially modern university education, has developed rapidly and achieved remarkable results, the basic national conditions of low level of human capital have not fundamentally changed. Compared with developed countries, in 1965, the average length of education of the population over 15 years old was 10 years in the United States, equivalent to 3.8 times that of China; It is 7.5 years in Japan, which is 2.9 times that of China. In particular, the population above junior college is quite scarce, accounting for only 0.416% of the total population (723 million people) in China. Proceeding from this basic national condition, it is necessary to continuously accelerate the modernization of national education, including the development of modern higher education.

Two, Mao Zedong from the reform of the education system to launch the "cultural revolution"

After 1965, Mao Zedong shifted the focus of "opposing and preventing revisionism" to how to prevent revisionism in the Communist Party of China (CPC), especially in the leading organs of the Party. [5] His judgment on academia and education has also changed. In March 1966, he said at the enlarged meeting in The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC): "Now, most universities, middle schools and primary schools are monopolized by people from the bourgeoisie, petty bourgeoisie and rich land." [6] On May 7 of the same year, he reiterated this view in his letter to Lin Biao. Therefore, Mao Zedong’s proposal to reform the education system is not to change the backward situation of modern education, but to change "the phenomenon of bourgeois intellectuals ruling schools".

In fact, Mao Zedong had put forward the idea of reforming the education system before this. In 1964, Mao Zedong proposed that the education system should be reformed. "You don’t know the class struggle. How can you be a college graduate?" [7] According to Mao Zedong’s instructions, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Notice on Organizing Liberal Arts Teachers and Students in Colleges and Universities to Participate in the Socialist Education Movement on September 11th of the same year.

Mao Zedong launched the "Cultural Revolution" with the educational front as an important breakthrough. On June 12th, 1966, Mao Zedong presided over the enlarged meeting of the CPC The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC). When talking about the "Cultural Revolution", he said: "First seize power, criticize authority, and then engage in teaching reform and educational system reform. The central government should establish a high school and university entrance examination system by combining school recommendation and selection. " [8] On June 13th, according to Mao Zedong’s instructions and under the auspices of Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued a notice, deciding to reform the entrance examination method for colleges and universities, calling the entrance examination method at that time "basically not jumping out of the bourgeois examination system", and decided to postpone the entrance examination for colleges and universities for half a year in 1966. In fact, it is to suspend classes for half a year for college students nationwide to engage in the "Cultural Revolution" movement.

On June 18th, People’s Daily published the decisions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council, and published an editorial entitled "Do a good job in the cultural revolution thoroughly and reform the education system thoroughly". The editorial said: "The old entrance examination system has become a stumbling block to the cause of socialist education and the great proletarian cultural revolution." On June 27th, the Ministry of Higher Education issued a notice that the enrollment of graduate students in 1966 and 1967 was suspended. ［9］

On July 24th, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Notice on the Reform of Enrollment in Colleges and Universities. The circular pointed out that since liberation, although the methods of college entrance examination have been continuously improved, they have basically not jumped out of the bourgeois examination system. Decided to cancel the exam and adopt a combination of recommendation and selection. This became the method of university enrollment in the early 1970s.

However, once the "Cultural Revolution" is launched, it is difficult to proceed according to the wishes of the initiators and leaders, and it is often "the opposite direction". First, "suspension of classes and revolting" (June 1966), the enrollment of colleges and universities was stopped; Then there was "resumption of classes and revolting" (early 1967); Then, the workers’ propaganda team and the military propaganda team were assigned to colleges and universities to disperse the Red Guards (August 1968); Mobilizing junior and senior high school graduates to go to the countryside (December, 1968) was actually a way of forcibly mobilizing a large number of urban educated youth to go to the countryside, which led to the biggest interruption of human capital investment and accumulation since the founding of New China.

Third, the "Cultural Revolution" loss of human capital

The impact, interruption and even long-term impact of the "Cultural Revolution" on the accumulation process of high human capital (mainly refers to the population with college education or above) and medium human capital (refers to the population with secondary college education) was called "the biggest loss" by Deng Xiaoping, which delayed a generation.

The university stopped enrolling students for four years, and the number of students in the university dropped significantly (see attached table). It is conservatively estimated that during the "Cultural Revolution", if 1965 is taken as the base, tens of thousands of graduate students, 1 million college graduates and 2 million secondary school graduates were less trained nationwide. The actual number may be even larger, because the enrollment rate of universities or high schools in China is much lower than that of countries with the same income level. In 1979, after the college entrance examination was resumed for three consecutive years, the university enrollment rate in China was only 1.2%, which was only half of the average of other low-income countries and only a quarter of the average of developing countries. [10] In addition, the recruitment of overseas students was stopped for six years (from 1966 to 1971).

Secondary school education has also been severely impacted, with the number of students enrolled dropping, even stopping enrolling, and the number of students in school dropping sharply. In 1979, the total number of students in vocational and technical schools was only 1.4 million, far below the level in 1965; The number of students in vocational and technical schools accounts for 2.4% of the total number of students in all secondary schools, far below the average of 11% in developing countries. Part of the result of this situation is that in 1979, only 0.5% of the workforce received higher education, and only 0.9% received secondary technical or vocational education (many of them were teachers). ［10］（pp.92，93）

On October 22, 1977, when Deng Xiaoping met with a delegation from the Korean Central News Agency, he said that the Gang of Four had caused great damage in various fields, and the most damaged areas were education, science and technology. The destruction of education is not reading, which makes the scientific research team lack successors. [11] This is why Deng Xiaoping changed the original enrollment plan of colleges and universities and advocated the restoration of the unified examination system for college enrollment.

Fourth, Deng Xiaoping: Take the education front as the breakthrough of reform and opening up.

Deng Xiaoping promotes reform and opening up, and also chooses the education front as a breakthrough.

On the question of whether to restore the unified examination system for college enrollment, the focus of debate is whether to continue along the so-called "Cultural Revolution" or turn to the normal entrance examination practice that conforms to the laws and characteristics of modern education development. This is not only a dispute about the route, but also a dispute about the basic common sense of human capital investment, and it is also a livelihood event involving thousands of families. Only through social practice can we distinguish right from wrong.

As early as 1975, faced with many obstacles, Deng Xiaoping proposed to let the army take the lead and set up a National University of Defense Technology in the army to recruit students directly from high schools. On May 24, 1977, Deng Xiaoping, who had not yet officially returned, told Wang Zhen and Deng Liqun that Japan had paid attention to science and technology and education since the Meiji Restoration, and spent a lot of effort. Meiji Restoration is a reform carried out by Japan’s new bourgeoisie. As the proletariat, we should do better than them. He clearly pointed out that scientific research must be accompanied by education. He specifically mentioned that it is necessary to pass strict examinations and concentrate the best people in key middle schools and universities. He also said that if he comes out to work and is in charge of science, technology and education, he hopes that from now on, starting from primary school, he will see small results in five years, see results in 10 years, and see great results in 15 years and 20 years. ［12］

Under the direct leadership of Deng Xiaoping, the Ministry of Education has greatly improved the enrollment system of colleges and universities, changed the practice of not taking exams during the "Cultural Revolution", and resumed the method of unified examination and merit-based admission.

From June 29th to July 15th, the Ministry of Education held the first symposium on college enrollment, which discussed and solved some problems such as the qualifications of students taking the college entrance examination, and put forward the enrollment plan for colleges and universities.

On July 23, Deng Xiaoping said: "Education should walk on two legs and have a focus. Universities should recruit students from workers, peasants and soldiers, and key schools can recruit students from fresh high school graduates. " [11] (P.165) He also said, "No matter how many college students you recruit, you must take the exam. If you fail the exam, you can’t take it. My children can’t pass the exam, and they can’t go through the back door. " ［13］

On July 29th, Deng Xiaoping talked about education with Fang Yi and Liu Xiyao, and proposed that "a number of key universities should be grasped, which are the centers of education and scientific research". He also proposed, "There are several issues to consider: First, whether to abolish the practice that high school graduates have to work for two years before they can go to college? Second, we must adhere to the examination system, and key schools must insist on failing to repeat grades. We should have a clear attitude towards this. Third, we should make a report outline and put forward principles, policies and measures. The relationship between education and scientific research is very close. We should pay close attention to it, start with education, and have specific measures, otherwise it will be an empty gun. " [11] (P.167) At that time, this decision caused great controversy. On August 1st, Deng Xiaoping, Fang Yi and Liu Xiyao talked about education again. He pointed out that education should be run on two legs, and schools can take various forms. The overall goal is to train a group of people as soon as possible. The fundamental plan is to start with education and primary schools, otherwise catching up will become empty talk. The number of key schools should not be too small, so we should start to designate them immediately. Walk on two legs, but with emphasis. Key universities recruit students directly from high school graduates. When compiling teaching materials, we must absorb advanced things from the world and make foreign things serve China, especially in natural science. From the beginning of teaching the most advanced things, students will be inspired to develop in a broader and deeper direction, which is promising. [11] (pp. 168 ~ 169) He also said that for those young intellectuals who have reached a higher level through self-study,It is necessary to study how and how to select them back. There are thousands of such people, so we should pay great attention to them, cherish them and do everything possible to recruit them back to college or graduate school. ［14］

On August 6th, Deng Xiaoping presided over a symposium on science and education. He proposed: "The new education system will be implemented from next year. To make preparations this year, we should determine the academic system, teaching materials, teachers, students’ sources, enrollment system, examination system and assessment system, and do a good job. Don’t make frequent changes after doing a good job. Of course, small changes are still possible. " He proposed, "Take back the original enrollment report and rewrite it according to everyone’s opinions. Enrollment involves millions of young people who go to the countryside. We should come up with a way to select outstanding talents without causing fluctuations. Key schools should recruit students in a unified way. This year, I am determined to enroll students as required, and the students recruited must meet the requirements. " ［11］（pp.175，176）

On August 8th, Deng Xiaoping firmly stated that this year, he would make up his mind to resume accepting students directly from high school graduates and stop making recommendations from the masses. Recruiting students directly from senior high school is a good way to produce talents and results early. ［11］（p.179）

From 17 August to 25 September, the Ministry of Education held another national conference on enrollment in Beijing Friendship Hotel. The enrollment targets determined by this conference were: workers, peasants, educated youths who went to the countryside and returned to their hometowns (including those who have not been assigned jobs according to the policy), demobilized soldiers, cadres and fresh high school graduates, aged about 20, but not more than 25, unmarried. Those who are rich in practical experience and have made achievements or have expertise in research can be relaxed to 30 years old, regardless of their marriage. ［15］

On August 18th, Deng Xiaoping reviewed and agreed to the "Request for Instructions on Delaying Enrollment and Freshmen’s Opening Time" submitted by the Ministry of Education. The report stated that colleges and secondary specialized schools had planned to start enrolling students in August and freshmen would start school in mid-November. According to Vice Chairman Deng’s instructions, we will greatly improve the enrollment system of colleges and universities, and the enrollment time will be postponed to the fourth quarter. Freshmen in 1977 will enter school before the end of February next year (referring to 1978), which will be postponed for three months (including winter vacation). ［11］（p.185）

On September 25th, the National Conference on Enrollment of Colleges and Universities decided to change the practice of not taking exams during the "Cultural Revolution" and restore the method of unified examination and merit-based admission. ［11］（p.185）

In 1977, the college entrance examination was postponed to the fourth quarter. In December, about 5.7 million young people in China took the entrance examination for colleges and universities. The candidates were graduates from 1966 to 1977, aged between 15 and 16 and in their thirties. Colleges and universities selected 273,000 students, and the admission rate was the lowest since the founding of New China, only 4.8%. The freshmen were admitted around February 1978. ［16］

In July 1978, another 6.1 million people took the second national college entrance examination. Two recruitment examinations with a total of more than 11.8 million people set a record in the history of higher education examinations in China and even the world. [17] This fully reflects the strong desire of this generation to go to school, to be knowledgeable, and to change their own destiny. They finally got the chance to make their own choices.

This is Deng Xiaoping’s first major decision after his comeback. It took only a few months from putting forward the idea (May 1977) to making a decision (October 1977) and then implementing it (December 1977). A year later, at the end of 1978, the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed that the major decision of reform and opening up was the second largest decision. The author calls this first major decision the "seed" of reform and opening-up. It was Deng Xiaoping’s decision to resume the college entrance examination, which planted the "seed" of human capital for China’s modernization, and achieved the situation of "taking root, flowering and bearing fruit" in the later reform and opening-up.

In 1982, when college students of Grade 7-7 and Grade 7-8 graduated, there were about 6.1 million people with college education, accounting for only 0.615% of the total population. By 2013, there will be about 130 million people with college degree or above in China, accounting for 9.6% of the total population, which has surpassed the total population of Japan (127 million)!

Six, resume the recruitment of graduate students, establish a degree system with China characteristics.

In 1978, it was the first year that China resumed the postgraduate system.

On August 4, 1977, Deng Xiaoping proposed that those young intellectuals who went to the countryside to reach a higher level through self-study should do everything possible to find them to come back to college or become graduate students. He also specifically mentioned that in a few years, universities should focus on training graduate students, so that researchers can grow rapidly. This is a matter of policy, so that people can get out faster. I believe that Chinese is smart and will produce a lot of talents. [11] (p.173) This shows that Deng Xiaoping is very clear that the cultivation of high-end talents needs to start with the cultivation of graduate students.

It was under the direct impetus of Deng Xiaoping that in January 1978, the Ministry of Education and the State Planning Commission formulated the national postgraduate enrollment plan. [11] (p.255) On February 28th, China Academy of Social Sciences decided to recruit graduate students for the whole country. In that year, more than 10,500 graduate students were enrolled in China. This figure is close to the total number of graduate students trained in the 17 years before the "Cultural Revolution" (referring to 1949-1966). ［16］（pp.107,193）

While recruiting college students and graduate students in an all-round way, Deng Xiaoping and others have encountered new problems. As a modern university education, should we implement a degree system? If the degree system is to be implemented, what kind of degree system will be adopted? Which system can better represent the world trend?

Implementing the degree system is an important institutional arrangement for a country to train high-level talents, and it is also a basic system generally adopted by modern countries. There are different models and practices in the world: one is the three-level degree system generally adopted by western countries, that is, the establishment of bachelor’s, master’s and doctoral degrees. In April 1935, China introduced and imitated the degree system implemented in the United States. By the time New China was founded in 1949, more than 200 people had obtained master’s degrees. The other is the two-level degree system adopted by the Soviet Union, that is, there are only doctoral and associate doctoral degrees, and there are no undergraduate degrees. Due to the influence of the Soviet higher education system after the founding of New China, the three-level degree system in western countries was no longer adopted, and only postgraduate education was implemented. Postgraduates were enrolled in 1950, and by 1965, more than 22,700 people had been enrolled.

From 1961 to 1964, the academic degree regulations drafted by Nie Rongzhen, vice premier of the State Council and director of the State Science and Technology Commission, were basically based on the Soviet model, but this regulation did not become a formal system.

When Deng Xiaoping considered what kind of degree system China was planning to build, two important figures played a key role, one was Hu Qiaomu, and the other was Jiang Nanxiang. This is related to the fact that they all studied in Tsinghua University and understood the western degree system.

Jiang Nanxiang, Minister of Education, personally presided over the drafting of the Regulations on Academic Degrees in People’s Republic of China (PRC) (Draft), which was adopted in the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) on February 12, 1980 and came into force on January 1, 1981. In this regard, Jiang Nanxiang explained that the proposed academic degree regulations adopted a three-level academic degree system, so as to communicate with the internationally accepted academic degree system, which is conducive to sending international students and international academic exchanges. The proposed degree system has China characteristics: First, we must adhere to the socialist orientation. We should promote the growth of "red and specialized" senior professionals through the degree system, and ask different degree applicants to support the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership and the socialist system. Second, we must emphasize the principle of combining theory with practice. Degree applicants at all levels should not only reach a considerable academic level in the basic theory and expertise of this subject, but also have the corresponding ability to solve practical problems, and neither of them can be neglected. Third, we must implement the principle of quality first, and our country’s degree system should be worthy of the name.

From July 26th to August 2nd, 1981, the first meeting of the Discipline Appraisal Committee of the State Council Academic Degrees Committee awarded 805 doctoral programs in China, which could instruct 1,143 doctoral tutors. There are 2,957 professional programs that award master’s degrees. ［16］（p.460）

Seven, Deng Xiaoping proposed to send students abroad.

On August 8, 1977, Deng Xiaoping presided over the symposium on science and education, and put forward the idea of sending people to study abroad for the first time. ［11］（p.179）

On June 22, 1978, Deng Xiaoping Tong Fangyi, Jiang Nanxiang, Liu Xiyao, etc. talked and suggested that it is worthwhile to spend more money on increasing the number of overseas students. This is one of the important ways to achieve quick results in five years and improve China’s scientific level. [11] (P.331) reflects Deng Xiaoping’s strategic vision of cultivating high-end talents.

On July 10th, Deng Xiaoping met with Frank Press, Science and Technology Advisor to the President of the United States and Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy. Press hopes that this trip will lay the foundation for China and the United States to sign agreements on agricultural exchanges, space technology and exchanges between international students and scholars, and he also suggests to Deng Xiaoping that China send 20-30 students to study in the United States. To Press’s complete surprise, Deng Xiaoping suggested that the United States accept 700 science students from China, and the goal in the next few years is tens of thousands. Press immediately called President Carter, woke him up from his sleep at 3 am, and asked him to approve China to send 700 students to study in the United States, and more students would be welcome in the next few years. Later, Carter readily agreed to the Chinese request. ［18］

On August 4th, the Ministry of Education issued a notice according to the instructions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. In 1978, the number of overseas students (including college students, advanced students and graduate students) increased to more than 3,000, mainly for studying science and engineering (including agriculture and medicine) related majors. [16] (p.142) On August 20th, Deng Xiaoping approved the Ministry of Education’s "Several Instructions on Sending Overseas Students", and agreed to send 3,000 overseas students in 1978, with the focus on advanced students and graduate students. ［11］（p.354）

At the end of August, the People’s Letters Summary reported that a student from Shanghai Hongkou Model Middle School requested to study in Japan at his own expense. Deng Xiaoping agreed to Fang Yi’s "permission" reply. [11] (P.365) So far, the way of studying abroad at one’s own expense has been opened.

In the second half of 1978, the first batch of international students from China arrived in the United States. In 1979, there were 1025 international students studying in the United States. By 1984, the number of international students had reached 14,000, two thirds of whom were studying physics, medicine and engineering. Peking University and Tsinghua University are even called "preparatory schools" for public science students studying in the United States. ［18］（p.128）

On July 16th, 1982, the State Council approved the Regulations of the Ministry of Education and other departments on studying abroad at one’s own expense, and put forward that studying abroad at one’s own expense is a channel for cultivating talents. [16] (pp.556-557) Since then, studying abroad at one’s own expense has gradually developed into the main channel for studying abroad.

Eight, Deng Xiaoping agreed to establish a postdoctoral mobile station system to cultivate high-end talents.

On May 21st, 1985, Deng Xiaoping met with Professor Li Zhengdao and his wife to exchange views on developing science and training talents. Li Zhengdao suggested to Deng Xiaoping that in order to create a favorable condition for China’s overseas researchers to return to work, more than a dozen post-doctoral mobile stations could be established as a pilot. This time, when Li Zhengdao made a presentation to Deng Xiaoping, Deng Xiaoping also specifically asked, "Why should we train postdoctoral doctors?"? When Li Zhengdao explained it, Deng Xiaoping agreed. He said: "Postdoctoral is a new thing and a new term to me. It is the first time I heard that … setting up a postdoctoral mobile station is a new method, which is very good. Combine training with use, cultivate in use, and find more advanced talents in training and use. There are too few ten postdoctoral mobile stations, and it is necessary to establish hundreds of mobile stations and become a system. " ［19］

In July 1985, China began to implement the postdoctoral system. This shows that overseas Chinese have played an important role in promoting the establishment of a modern education system in China. Deng Xiaoping’s decision has greatly promoted the establishment of high-level talent training system in China, which is a typical case of institutional change in the process of economic system reform in China.

In 1985, there were only 102 postdoctoral mobile stations in China, and by 2013, it had reached 2703. From 1985 to 2013, a total of 70,289 people left the station.

IX. Summary: Long-term Bonus of Human Capital Decision in Deng Xiaoping

Deng Xiaoping has made two important decisions on the enrollment method of colleges and universities. The first time was on June 13th, 1966. On the instructions of Mao Zedong, he and Liu Shaoqi made a decision to postpone the enrollment of colleges and universities for half a year, and proposed to reform the enrollment examination method of colleges and universities. The second time was in September 1977, after a lapse of 11 years, Deng Xiaoping pushed through the crowd, changed the original enrollment plan in 1977, postponed the enrollment of colleges and universities for half a year again, and formally proposed to Hua Guofeng and other The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) to restore the higher education examination system, which was officially approved by the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee (October 5, 1977).

The two decision-making processes have different historical backgrounds and decision-making mechanisms, so there are two different decision-making results, which also reflect the learning process of decision-makers in China, including the understanding and summary of success and failure, right and wrong. As far as Deng Xiaoping is concerned, the first decision was passive, and the second was active. Without decision-making mistakes, there is no decision-making cost. Without decision-making cost, it is difficult to reach a political consensus and make a correct decision quickly.

As early as May 1977, in view of education and science and technology, which were the hardest hit areas of the "Cultural Revolution", Deng Xiaoping once imagined that after his comeback, he would pay great attention to education. We will achieve small results in five years, great results in 10 years, and great results in 15 years and 20 years. [12] It is clear that Deng Xiaoping is not only a great politician, but also a great strategist. He made a series of human capital investment decisions, such as resuming the college entrance examination, recruiting graduate students, establishing a degree system, promoting studying abroad, and setting up postdoctoral mobile stations, which are long-term and strategic decisions, and have produced long-term human capital dividends, which in turn have profoundly affected the process of reform, opening up and socialist modernization in China.

This long-term human capital dividend is as follows (see the table on the next page): compared with 1978, 2013 is equivalent to 28.8 times the number of students in colleges and universities in 1978, 164.1 times the number of graduate students and 481.3 times the number of students studying abroad. In addition, the author estimates that the gross enrollment rate of China University was only about 0.5% in the early 1970s, less than 1% in 1978, and reached 34.5% in 2013. That is to say, according to the gross enrollment rate of universities, in 2013, the chances of college-age population in China being admitted to universities were more than 30 times that of 1978 and more than 60 times that of the early 1970s. Compared with the United States, in 1980, the number of students in colleges and universities in China was only 1.6% of that in the United States (10.475 million). By 2005, China surpassed the United States, and by 2009, China was equivalent to 122% of that in the United States. In 1980, the number of graduate students in China (21,600) was only 1.6% of that in the United States (1,343,000); in 2007, China (1,195,000) was 52.1% of that in the United States (2,294,000); in 2013, China reached 1,790,000; it is estimated that China will surpass the United States around 2015.

This all stems from Deng Xiaoping’s strategic conception, which has not returned in May 1977. We are not only grateful to Deng Xiaoping, but also want to learn from Deng Xiaoping. As the Supreme Leader said when commemorating the 110th anniversary of Comrade Deng Xiaoping’s birth, "We should learn from his far-sighted strategic thinking when commemorating Comrade Deng Xiaoping", "We have gained insight into the development trend at home and abroad and made a series of major strategic decisions concerning the long-term development of the cause of the party and the state and the future and destiny of socialism". ［20］

Deng Xiaoping’s decision on human capital investment is the most typical successful case. His far-sighted strategic thinking has not only become a long-term dividend for China’s human capital investment, but also the most precious political wealth for future generations.

Source: Compilation of Statistical Data of 60 Years in New China, China Statistics Publishing House, 2010, pp. 72-75; Statistical Abstract of China in 2014, China Statistics Publishing House, 2014, pp. 153-154.

Note: The two sets of data compared between 2013 and 1978 are calculated by the author according to the above data.

[Reference]

[1] Hu Angang: "China: Towards the 21st Century", China Environmental Science Press, 1991, pp. 174, 180 and 183.

[2] China Statistical Yearbook 1984, China Statistics Publishing House, 1984, p. 484.

[3] Hu Angang, Wang Hongchuan and Yan Yilong: Modernization of China: Human Resources and Education (1949 ~ 2030), Research on Education Development, No.1, 2015.

[4] "Selected Important Documents Since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China" Volume 1, Central Literature Publishing House, 1992, p. 11.

[5] History of People’s Republic of China (PRC), Higher Education Press and People’s Publishing House, 2013, p. 173.

[6] Biography of Mao Zedong (1949 ~ 1976) Volume II, Central Literature Publishing House, 2003, p. 1404.

[7] Mao Zedong Manuscripts Since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China, Volume 11, Central Literature Publishing House, 1996, p. 96.

[8] Chronicle of Mao Zedong (1949 ~ 1976), Volume 5, Central Literature Publishing House, 2013, p. 593.

[9] He Dongchang, editor-in-chief: "Important Educational Literature in People’s Republic of China (PRC) (1949 ~ 1997)", Hainan Publishing House, 1998, p. 1403.

[10] World Bank Economic Mission: "China: Development of Socialist Economy", China Financial and Economic Press, 1983, p. 92.

[11] The Chronicle of Deng Xiaoping (1975 ~ 1997), Central Literature Publishing House, 227.

[12] Gu Weiming: "The initial brewing of the resumption of the college entrance examination system in 1977", "Research on Contemporary China History" No.5, 2003.

[13] Yang Shengqun and Chen Jin, editor-in-chief: "Historical Turning Point 1977 ~ 1978", Life, Reading and Knowledge Joint Publishing Company, 2009, p. 49.

［14］? Yearbook of Deng Xiaoping Thought (1975 ~ 1997), Central Literature Publishing House, 2011, p. 59.

[15] Zhang Shujun and Gao Xinmin, editor-in-chief: Historical Archives of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, China Economic Publishing House, 1998, p. 412.

[16] Xu Dashen, editor-in-chief: "A Record of People’s Republic of China (PRC)" Volume 4, Jilin People’s Publishing House, 1994, p. 57.

[17] Party History Research Office of the CPC Central Committee, China National Museum: Historical Records of People’s Republic of China (PRC), Shanghai People’s Publishing House, 2009,Page 361.

[18] [America] Fu Gaoyi: "Deng Xiaoping and China’s Opening to the Outside World: Sino-US Relations from 1977 to 1979", edited by Zhu Jiamu: "Contemporary China"And its Development Path —— Proceedings of the Second International Forum on Contemporary China History, Contemporary China Press, 2010, p.Page 127.

[19] Chronicle of Deng Xiaoping (1975 ~ 1997), Central Literature Publishing House, 2004, p. 976.

[20] Supreme Leader: Speech at the Symposium to Commemorate the 110th Anniversary of Comrade Deng Xiaoping’s Birth (August 20, 2014), People’s Daily.August 21, 2014.

[Author] Hu Angang, Professor, School of Public Administration, Tsinghua University.

　Source of the article: Research on Contemporary China History

　 　 Four judges of Shanghai High Court involved in collective prostitution were removed from office.

　 　1905 movie network news　Directed by Peng Fa, the Hong Kong Peng brothers, written by Lei Zhilong, and starring Fox Xia and Jiao Xu, the youth love movie "Seventeen Years Old Will Hurt" held a launch conference in Zhuhai on May 14th. On that day, male and female leading actors Fox Xia, Jiao Xu, Luno and director Peng Fa attended the event, and the press conference revealed that Taiwan Province pop king Wang Leehom and Hong Kong popular idol Asa Charlene Choi would be invited to join us.

　 　 The poster released on the day of "seventeen years old who will hurt" is full of campus atmosphere. The names of the main characters on the blackboard and the cartoons flying all over the sky seem to bring people back to the lush campus. The film plays "Dream to quench thirst, youth to relieve pain", which combines inspirational and secondary culture, and the positive energy is bursting.

Hong Kong’s "ghost" talent director Peng Fa made a breakthrough in directing the youth love movie "Seventeen Years Old" for the first time.

　 　 Peng Brothers’ film series is popular in international film circles, especially director Peng Fa, who has won the award of film editing for many times. From the Hong Kong Golden Award, the Taiwan Golden Horse Award, the Toronto Film Festival in Canada and the Thailand Film Festival, they have all received high recognition and evaluation. Director Peng Fa has directed other films before, and won the Best Editing Award in the 18th Hong Kong Film Awards. Seventeen years old is the first time that Peng Fa directed a film with the theme of youth love. At the press conference, he said that he must make a different youth film and use pictures to explain the best youth story to everyone.

　 　 Producer Tang Shuning said on the spot that he was very much looking forward to Peng’s youth film. Choosing Peng Fa to direct this film is precisely because of the director’s unique understanding of youth films. I believe that the director will definitely subvert the inherent mode of domestic youth films and create a real Chinese youth film with his unique vision and splicing of pictures. At the same time, the producer Tang Shuning has high hopes for the film, and bluntly said that the box office will definitely exceed 300 million. He hoped that "Seventeen Years of Pain" would not only be recognized by the market, but also become a cornerstone of the rise of Ningbo movies.

Jiao Xu and Fox Xia joined hands to perform the second element of youth, and staged the pursuit of school scum.

　 　 Seventeen-year-old Who Will Hurt is a movie with the theme of youth love again by Hu Xia. The role has maintained the simple and warm style in the past. When Fox Xia talked about this film at the press conference, he was very much looking forward to cooperating with Jiao Xu and laughed that he grew up watching Jiao Xu’s works. In the film, Fox Xia plays a super schoolmaster, whose life begins to change under the strong attack of a school girl, and they play a funny and inspirational story of youth. At the same time, this year, Fox Xia will not only perform the leading role of "Seventeen Years Old Who Will Hurt", but also publish a new album for those who haven’t had any new works for a long time. Fox Xia even said that he is very much looking forward to singing the theme song of the movie, so we can wait and see.

　 　 Jiao Xu, as a star girl, has been making a lot of movies since her debut. From her little boy and her uniformed sister to the thriller film "The Old House of Psyche VI" co-directed by Peng Fa, Jiao Xu’s performance has always made people feel bright. This time, I joined hands with director Peng Fa again to play the first heroine and perform romantic love. At the press conference, Jiao Xu was dressed in a plaid short skirt and two ponytail comic books were girly, which was very consistent with the heroine image of the film. Producers even admitted that the script was created with reference to the images of Jiao Xu and Fox Xia at the beginning of its creation, and it is expected that Xueba senior will encounter a second-generation girl who has a great brain hole and does things with great efficiency. Jiao Xu and director Peng Fajun both said that working together again is a familiar, fresh, intense and sweet experience, and everyone is looking forward to the final result.

Wang Leehom, the king of music creation, joined hands with Asa to support Director Peng.

　 　 Peng Fa, the final director of the conference, revealed that the film will be joined by King Wang Leehom and Queen Asa, and the atmosphere at the scene is high. Since 2013, Wang Leehom has been absent from the mainland big screen. Although he has also participated in Hollywood blockbusters, he has never been able to meet the mainland audience. At the invitation of director Peng Fa, he specially starred in this youth love movie. Apart from the script role Wang Leehom’s expectation, his role modeling is sure to make fans excited. Ah sa (Charlene Choi) has always been a pure and lovely image. Playing Jiao Xu’s teacher in this film is the strong backing of Jiao Xu’s road to dreams. The dedication of two idol superstars will surely set off the audience’s youthful nostalgia.

　 　 According to Chien Sun, the chief producer of the drama, the film "Seventeen Years Old Will Hurt" will be released nationwide in the summer of 2017, which will break the usual pattern of domestic youth films and tell the youth stories of young people from the perspective of young people.

　　Since ancient times, Xiaoxiang has been magnificent, and Changsha is happy at that time. The lush Yuelu Mountain, the fiery red shrimp and the orange mango table are as colorful as the Orange Island fireworks staged every weekend-Changsha, a landscape city that creates happiness and happiness.

　　New Town Happiness Business and Happiness Changsha have met many times and are committed to creating a brand-new happiness experience for local residents. On December 27, 2019, another masterpiece of Xincheng Business in Changsha-Changsha High Speed Rail Wuyue Plaza will be grandly opened. On September 5th, on the occasion of the 112th countdown to the opening of the project, the appreciation meeting for the investment of Wuyue Plaza, a 2019 Changsha high-speed railway, was held grandly at the Intercontinental Beichen Hotel on the Xiangjiang River.

　　Huang Zhichun, executive deputy general manager of Xincheng Commercial Management Group’s South Operation Center, and Hu Lili, general manager of Xincheng Commercial Management Group’s South Operation Center, and other leaders of Xincheng Commercial Management Group, joined hands with more than 100 representatives of brand merchants and media reporters such as Yonghui Supermarket, Xingyi Studios, Starbucks, Haidilao, Watsons, Chow Tai Fook and Chef Fei to witness the new departure of Changsha High Speed Rail Wuyue Plaza.

　　Get together and chat, Wuyue Plaza and brand friends meet happily.

　　Through the floor-to-ceiling windows of the banquet hall of Beichen Intercontinental Hotel, the beautiful scenery of Xiangjiang River is unobstructed. Xincheng Commercial would like to thank the brand friends who have long supported the development of Wuyue Plaza in Changsha High-speed Railway. They talked about the present situation and future trend of Changsha’s commercial development, and were full of confidence in the development prospect of Wuyue Plaza, a high-speed railway in Changsha.

　　At the thank-you meeting, Hu Lili, general manager of the operation department of the Southern District Operation Center of Xincheng Commercial Management Group, delivered a speech. She said that with the expansion of the commercial territory of Xincheng, Wuyue Square has successfully laid out three Wuyue Square in Changsha, namely Songya Lake, Changsha High-speed Railway and Changsha Ningxiang. Wuyue Plaza of Changsha High-speed Railway is another benchmark commercial space in Changsha after Wuyue Plaza of Songya Lake. I believe that Wuyue Plaza of Changsha High-speed Railway will definitely enhance the prosperity and vitality of East Changsha business circle with excellent business experience after its opening on December 27th this year, and lead the regional commercial development.

　　Liu Hao, general manager of Wuyue Plaza of Changsha High-speed Railway, explained the highlights of Wuyue Plaza of Changsha High-speed Railway in detail in the subsequent project highlights analysis, which injected strong development confidence into the brand merchants present.

　　Chef Fei and representatives of two merchants in Xingyi Studios also expressed their trust in the commercial strength of the new town and affirmed the market influence of Wuyue Plaza at the thank-you meeting.

　　Sheng Weiwei, Director of National Development of Chef Fei, said that Chef Fei aims to create a new generation of Hunan-style catering, and will customize special stores for Wuyue Plaza of Changsha High-speed Railway. He hopes that under the operation of the professional business team of Xincheng, Chef Fei will give full play to his strengths and help Wuyue Plaza of Changsha High-speed Railway become another holy place for punching cards in online celebrity.

　　Wang Liye, general manager of Xingyi Studios Hunan Company, said that Xingyi Studios is very optimistic about the future development space of Changsha high-speed rail Wuyue Plaza, and will customize a new generation of studios with the core concept of world-class equipment, themed space design and quality and warm service for Changsha high-speed rail Wuyue Plaza.

　　It is precisely because of the support of many high-quality brands that the experience of Wuyue Plaza is more perfect. In the more than one year since the opening of Wuyue Plaza in Songya Lake, Changsha, Wuyue Plaza has cooperated with many brands in Changsha to create a happy Changsha and a happy Wuyue.

　　In order to thank the brand merchants who have supported the development of Wuyue Plaza for a long time, a special awarding session was also set up at this appreciation meeting.

　　Among them, Miss Bao&Mr. Xie, Papa White Bear’s parent-child restaurant, Haidilao, Tigos and MY Art BAR won the "Innovative Brand-Popular upstart Award".

　　Chef Fei, Watsons, Laojie Fish Mouth, KFC and Chow Tai Fook won the "Top Selling Brand-Gold Sucking Overlord Award".

　　Xiyu FUNLINK, Yonghui Supermarket, Miss Six, Starbucks and Calvin Klein jeans won the "Cooperative Brand-Close Partner Award".

　　On the road to the development of new town business, Wuyue Plaza and brand businesses have always been mutually beneficial and symbiotic, and have a win-win dance. In the future, the new town business will further establish a business ecological relationship of mutual respect and trust with brand merchants, and help Wuyue Plaza across the country to develop more harmoniously and stably.

　　Huang Zhichun, executive deputy general manager of the Southern District Operation Center of Xincheng Commercial Management Group, also said in the subsequent toast that the development road of Xincheng Commercial is far and long, and we look forward to happiness and common development with all brand merchants.

　　As scheduled, Changsha High-speed Rail Wuyue Plaza was grandly opened on December 27th.

　　Commerce develops according to cities, and cities prosper because of commerce. Wuyue Plaza of Changsha High-speed Railway will be grandly opened on December 27th this year. As a benchmark project for new city business to settle in Changsha, it will add a lot of color to the beautiful picture of happy Changsha.

　　Liu Hao, the general manager of Wuyue Plaza of Changsha High-speed Railway, made a detailed interpretation of the highlights of Wuyue Plaza of Changsha High-speed Railway in the project analysis, and shared the project progress, investment results and thoughts on the project operation period.

　　Liu Hao said that Wuyue Plaza, a high-speed rail in Changsha, is committed to upgrading the commercial consumption level of Wuhan-Guangzhou business circle in Changsha and even East Changsha, rewriting the commercial pattern of East Changsha, and becoming the trend vane of Changsha’s commercial development in the next decade.

　　Wuyue Plaza of Changsha High-speed Railway has a total construction area of about 350,000 square meters. It is a large-scale commercial complex integrating shopping center, theme commercial pedestrian street, boutique residence and senior apartment, with the shopping center covering an area of 100,000 square meters. The project takes "nature and humanity, art and technology, socialization and experience" as its core, and aims to create an immersive and experiential commercial complex in East Changsha with a sense of scene experience, innovative business format and operational vitality.

　　In terms of brand introduction, Wuyue Plaza of Changsha High-speed Railway will integrate fashion clothes, fashionable catering, jewelry and shoes, children’s play, leisure and entertainment, cultural and creative experience and other functional combinations to meet consumers’ multi-level and compound consumption needs such as "one-stop shopping, one-leisure, one-day shopping and meeting people at any time".

　　Liu Hao said that at present, the completion rate of investment promotion of the project has reached 86%, and it has been decided to introduce the main store brands such as YinJim, the first store in fashion fitness Hunan, Xingyi Studios equipped with Sony StarX Cinema, Yonghui Supermarket, a large video game club, Star Century Video Games, the first bar KTV charm KTV, and how wonderful the parent-child growth paradise is. There are also fashion department store Memorial Day department store, life collection store FUNLINK, local leading brand Tongcheng Electric Appliance, children’s brain development brand Qitianzhen, one-stop service brand king of the children for mother and baby, and the first Huawei smart life museum in Hunan. Well-known catering brands such as Haidilao, Xibei Youmian Village, Chef Fei and Modern China Tea Shop have also been confirmed.

　　Under the introduction of Liu Hao, the brand owners have a very clear understanding of the development status and future planning of Changsha Wuyue Plaza. Wuyue Plaza, a high-speed railway in Changsha, is bound to change the commercial pattern of East Changsha and the lifestyle of local residents with brand-new brands, sentimental design details and unique leisure and entertainment methods, and enhance the prosperity and vitality of the business circle.

　　Adhering to the development concept of "having feelings, not copying, and having scale", the new town business is booming. As of August 31st, Xincheng Commercial has laid out 119 Wuyue Plaza in 97 cities across the country. By the end of 2019, 64 Wuyue Plaza will be opened in Xincheng Commercial, and by 2020, more than 100 Wuyue Plaza will be opened and operated.

　　Changsha High-speed Rail Wuyue Plaza, as the 63rd new town commercial opening in China and the second Wuyue Plaza opening in Changsha, will surely bring a brand-new lifestyle and happy experience to Changsha residents with more innovative commercial space and content.

　　After the success of "The Place of Light, Yue Xiaoxiang" 2019 Changsha High-speed Railway Wuyue Plaza Investment Appreciation Meeting, the development of Changsha High-speed Railway Wuyue Plaza will enter a new stage. In 112 days, Changsha High-speed Railway Wuyue Plaza will be grandly opened. Let’s look forward to its brilliant bloom together, and also look forward to more and better encounters between new town business and happy Changsha.

　　Facility agriculture is a modern agricultural production mode with high-tech content, high input, high output and high efficiency, which comprehensively utilizes modern biology, engineering and information technology to improve local environment, provide relatively controllable environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, light, water, fertilizer and air for animal and plant production, and establish an annual continuous production system for animals and plants on limited land. In 2022, the No.1 Document of the Central Committee clearly put forward "accelerating the development of facility agriculture". Hebei province is a big agricultural province, and developing facility agriculture is of great practical significance to improve the quality, efficiency and competitiveness of agricultural development in our province, enhance the level of agricultural modernization and realize the leap from a big agricultural province to a strong agricultural province.

　　The significance of vigorously developing facility agriculture

　　Developing facility agriculture is an important starting point to promote the revitalization of rural industries. Supported by science and technology and guided by the market, facility agriculture represents the development direction of modern agriculture and is one of the important symbols to measure the level of agricultural modernization in a country or region. Facility agriculture can effectively improve land productivity, labor productivity and total factor productivity of agriculture, help to promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional planting and breeding industry to modern agriculture, promote the transformation of farmers from agriculture to agricultural industrial workers, expand farmers’ income-increasing channels and agricultural value-added space, and empower rural revitalization.

　　Developing facility agriculture is an important measure to promote the modernization of agricultural infrastructure to a new level. Compared with field agriculture, facility agriculture overcomes the uncertainty that traditional agriculture depends on the weather and has poor ability to resist natural disasters. It relies on modern equipment, facilities and technical means to provide a more suitable environment for planting or breeding, and then realizes mechanization, precision and standardization of agricultural production through technologies such as artificial intelligence, Internet of Things technology and crop model, and carries many scientific and technological achievements such as digital agriculture, intelligent agriculture, water-saving agriculture, environmental regulation, vegetable production, nutrition and health.

　　Developing facility agriculture is an important guarantee for realizing food security and vegetable basket security and enhancing comprehensive agricultural production capacity. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put forward the idea of "establishing a big food concept", and on the premise of protecting the ecological environment, he expanded from cultivated land resources to the whole land resources and asked for food from facility agriculture. Developing facility agriculture according to local conditions can promote the transformation of food supply from single production to multiple supply, and better meet the escalating consumer demand of agricultural products. On the basis of protecting the ecological environment, making full use of Kugaji and abandoned land to develop facility agriculture can greatly improve the land output rate, effectively guarantee food security and vegetable basket security, and promote the high-quality development of agriculture.

　　Developing facility agriculture is an important means to make full use of the supply advantages of fresh agricultural products in Hebei and promote the development of new formats of integration of three industries. Most of the protected agriculture mainly produces fresh agricultural products, with a small market radius. The development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration has sharply increased the demand for high-end fresh agricultural products, and Hebei has obvious regional and market advantages in developing protected agriculture. Facility agriculture production organization is more factory-oriented, environmental facilities are more friendly and controllable, products are more characteristic and quality, and fruits and vegetables are suitable for picking for a longer time than traditional open-air cultivation, which can integrate leisure sightseeing, picking experience and customized production to provide diversified services. The new format, with facility agricultural production as the main body and the integration of primary, secondary and tertiary industries, is conducive to enhancing the added value of agriculture, expanding farmers’ sharing of the value-added benefits of agricultural products processing and sales, and promoting farmers’ common prosperity.

　　Countermeasures and suggestions for vigorously developing facility agriculture

　　At present, the facility agriculture in our province shows a good development momentum, but we should also see that there is still a certain gap compared with developed areas in terms of technical level, product system, factor support, service support and technological innovation. To accelerate the development of facility agriculture from the reality of our province, we need to focus on the following aspects.

　　Strengthen the overall planning and zoning layout. Plan and design the development strategy of facility agriculture in our province with high standards, and rationally distribute facility types, planting varieties, planting patterns and industrial formats according to different agricultural ecological types, original industrial basic conditions of counties and districts and market demand levels of products. Around Beijing, Tianjin, Xiongan and the surrounding metropolis, we will focus on developing modern facility agricultural industrial parks with strong market competitiveness and make good use of the central support policies. The production areas in eastern Hebei and central and southern Hebei with good basic conditions should further upgrade the equipment level of solar greenhouses and sheds, and develop the supply of fruits and vegetables based on orders. The whole province should speed up the construction of the annual supply structure of plant factories, solar greenhouses, arch shed facilities planting and open field cultivation, and gradually form a new pattern of facility agriculture with industrial cluster development, advanced elements gathering and complete industrial chain.

　　Strengthen policy guidance and industrial support. According to different types of facilities, we will give priority to supporting factory seedling production, speed up the standardization and standardization of greenhouses, upgrade backward shed facilities and equipment, and encourage plant factories and digital pastures to implement energy-saving and circular economy transformation. Increase financial investment, guide and incite the entry of financial funds and social capital, and form a multi-channel, diversified and multi-level capital investment pattern and guarantee mechanism. Introduce the facility agriculture insurance pilot, include the facility vegetable greenhouse into the scope of agricultural machinery purchase subsidies in the whole province, and support the construction of facility agriculture in abandoned land in Kugaji. Adhere to the connection between facility agriculture projects and rural revitalization projects, and integrate with agricultural modernization demonstration zones, characteristic agricultural clusters, modern agricultural industrial parks, agricultural science and technology modernization pioneer counties, rural revitalization demonstration zones, etc., give play to the policy superposition effect, and promote the development of facility agriculture in our province to achieve strategic upgrading.

　　Improve the level of facilities, equipment and scientific research and development. According to different types of facilities in different regions, we will intensify research and development, pay attention to the practicality, standardization and standardization of facilities, promote the upgrading of production facilities from traditional simplicity to high performance, focus on the development of land-saving, energy-saving, steel skeleton and large-space new sheds, and enhance the comprehensive production and emergency support capabilities of facility bases. Pay attention to the research and development of supporting equipment, make full use of modern information technology, control technology, artificial intelligence technology, internet of things technology, etc., realize the intelligence of facilities and equipment, and promote the digitalization, energy saving and greening of agricultural production. Make full use of the achievements of intelligent equipment of agricultural research institutes and other institutions, and accelerate the integration and application of technologies and equipment such as regulation, water and fertilizer integration, information monitoring and automatic control in ambient intelligence. Give play to the role of the provincial vegetable industry innovation team, focusing on supporting major key core technology innovation and promotion demonstration. Encourage and guide universities, research institutes and enterprises to establish industrial technology alliances, multi-disciplinary and multi-sectoral collaborative innovation to tackle key problems, and lead the development of facility agriculture with innovation.

　　Introduce leading enterprises and service-oriented enterprises in facility agriculture. At present, our province has shortcomings in facilities structure and environmental control ability, and the output per unit area and economic benefits are relatively low. We should make full use of the opportunity of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei coordinated development, introduce more leading enterprises of Beijing-Tianjin facility agriculture, and accelerate the transformation of technological achievements such as facility design and construction, environmental regulation, precision control of water and fertilizer, and soilless culture in our province. For leading service-oriented facility agriculture enterprises that provide integrated solutions in financial leasing, seedling introduction, base construction, quality control, sales channels, brand creation, etc., corresponding policy support is given in finance, taxation, credit and other aspects. Adhere to "market orientation, coordination and cooperation", promote the better connection of industrial entities in the upper, middle and lower reaches, and realize the integrated development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries.

　　[Everyone talks about green development]

　　Author: Gu Yaqing (researcher at the Research Base of Anhui Provincial Party School [Anhui Administration College], Socialism with Chinese characteristics Theoretical System Research Center, Anhui Province)

　　The Yangtze River is the river with the richest biodiversity in China, with more than 4,300 species of aquatic organisms. Its unique ecosystem plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining biodiversity and ecological balance and ensuring national ecological security. At the same time, the Yangtze River is also a treasure house of aquatic germplasm resources in China, which has always been regarded as the original seed base and natural gene bank of economic fish.

　　However, for a long time, over-utilization of resources, engineering construction, environmental pollution, population growth and other factors have seriously threatened the survival of species resources in the Yangtze River, and the biodiversity of the Yangtze River has continued to decline. On March 1, 2021, the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the Protection of the Yangtze River came into effect, regulating the restoration of the ecological environment, and stipulating that the state should implement systematic management of the ecosystem of the Yangtze River basin, which is mainly based on natural restoration and combines natural restoration with artificial restoration; In the same year, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued the Implementation Plan for Biodiversity Protection in the Yangtze River (2021— 2025) … … A series of laws, regulations, policies and measures have been promulgated, and local governments have actively implemented them. The biodiversity protection of the Yangtze River has entered a new historical period.

　　The process of mainstreaming biodiversity protection in the Yangtze River has been accelerated.

　　In recent years, the mainstream trend of biodiversity protection in China has been continuously strengthened. In December 2022, the 15th Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity adopted the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, which drew a new blueprint for global biodiversity governance. In this context, biodiversity protection in the Yangtze River is also in the trend of mainstream promotion. In the great protection of the Yangtze River, from the integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, fields, lakes, grass and sand to the promotion of green production and lifestyle, we need to make overall consideration and systematic promotion, aiming at gradually improving and restoring the ecosystem, enhancing the service function of the ecosystem and promoting the restoration of biodiversity. Therefore, the provinces and cities along the Yangtze River have taken active actions to strengthen the remediation of sewage outlets entering the Yangtze River, strengthen the protection and restoration of the ecological environment in the basin, improve the mechanism of capital investment and compensation, and work together to promote the protection of biodiversity in the Yangtze River. Especially in the protection of aquatic biodiversity in the Yangtze River, they have successively implemented actions such as "ten-year fishing ban", strengthening the protection of aquatic wildlife, organizing the monitoring of aquatic biological resources in key waters, and strengthening the protection of important habitats of aquatic organisms. The overall ecological environment in the Yangtze River Basin has been effectively improved, and the passive situation of biodiversity decline has been curbed.

　　Positive Effects of Diversity Protection from "Smiling Angels"

　　Since 1980, the population of Yangtze finless porpoise has rapidly declined. Relevant surveys show that the number of Yangtze finless porpoises was more than 2,700 in 1991, and only 1,012 were left in 2017. In 2021, the Yangtze finless porpoise was upgraded from a second-class protected wild animal to a first-class protected wild animal. In 2022, the scientific investigation of the Yangtze finless porpoise population organized by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs showed that the number of Yangtze finless porpoises was 1,249. Compared with the scientific investigation in 2017, the number of finless porpoises increased by 23.42% in five years, and the population stopped falling and rebounded, showing a recovery growth.

　　In order to protect the Yangtze finless porpoise, a rare and endangered species, government departments and protection workers at all levels actively carry out three major protection measures: in-situ protection, ex situ protection and artificial breeding. China has established five ex-situ conservation groups of finless porpoises in Swan Island National Nature Reserve in Hubei, the new Yangtze River Silla National Nature Reserve, Hewangmiao Hunan Integrated Ridge Provincial Nature Reserve, Tongling Freshwater Dolphin National Nature Reserve in Anhui, and Anqing Xijiang Yangtze finless porpoise ex-situ conservation base. On July 5, 2023, the world’s first Yangtze finless porpoise, Taotao, celebrated its 18th birthday. After artificial breeding, "Taotao" has successively bred two Changjiang Dai finless porpoises "Hanbao" and "Xiaojiujiu" in Wuhan Baiju Dolphin Museum. Relevant data show that 13 nature reserves related to the Yangtze finless porpoise protection have been established in the Yangtze River basin, covering 40% of the Yangtze finless porpoise distribution waters and protecting nearly 80% of the population. In addition, with the establishment of "Yangtze finless porpoise protection network" and the strengthening of scientific and educational publicity activities, the public’s awareness of protecting the ecological environment of the Yangtze River has also been greatly improved. In recent years, people often see the "smiling angel" finless porpoise jumping by waves and splashing water in the waters of the main tributaries of the Yangtze River, which is also a strong proof of the phased achievements in the protection of the finless porpoise of the Yangtze River.

　　Plan and advance with a higher position, wider vision and greater strength.

　　Biodiversity reflects the essence and characteristics of ecosystem and is one of the fundamental indexes to evaluate the quality of ecological environment. As an important gene bank of species and living bank of natural aquatic resources in China, the biodiversity protection of the Yangtze River needs to be planned and promoted with a higher position, wider vision and greater efforts.

　　Optimize the spatial pattern of biodiversity protection and properly handle the relationship between protection and development.Coordinate the delineation and control of the three control lines of ecological protection red line, permanent basic farmland and urban development boundary, work out and implement the special plan for ecological protection and restoration of land space on the basis of the overall planning of land space, optimize and adjust the scope and functional zoning of nature reserves, and improve the construction of nature reserves system with national parks as the main body. At present, the vague understanding of "ecological protection restricts economic development" still exists, the overall planning of a few nature reserves conflicts with the overall planning of cities, the establishment of nature reserves has unreasonable functional zoning and overlapping phenomena, and some nature reserves have frequent human activities. Therefore, it is necessary to correctly treat the stage difficulties and long-term goals, correctly handle the relationship between protection and development, strengthen the comprehensive management of grass and sand in landscapes, forests, fields and lakes, rationally utilize ecological resources, promote the value transformation of biodiversity resources, actively explore the path of marketization to realize the value of high-quality ecological products, and form a good mechanism for sustainable utilization of biodiversity.

　　Pay attention to and accelerate the background investigation of biodiversity.At present, the overall trend of the decline of biodiversity in the Yangtze River has not been effectively curbed, and when biodiversity protection is carried out in various places, due to the unclear background, there is a lack of clear understanding of the target object and scope of biodiversity protection in the Yangtze River. Up to now, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences has set up Chongqing Experimental Station of National Agricultural Science and Wuhan Experimental Station of National Fishery Resources and Environment, and Jiangsu, Hubei, Shanghai, Anhui and other provinces and cities have also carried out background surveys on biodiversity, striving to find out the background of biodiversity in the Yangtze River, grasp the dynamics and identify problems, and provide scientific basis for formulating policies related to biodiversity protection and enhancing the diversity, stability and sustainability of ecosystems.

　　Strengthen the effective connection of biodiversity protection in the whole basin and the functional coordination between departments.As the largest river in China, the Yangtze River has its main stream flowing through 11 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and its tributaries extending to 8 provinces and autonomous regions. The biodiversity conservation area of the Yangtze River spans multiple administrative regions, and involves many departments, such as ecological environment, natural resources, forestry, agriculture, geology and minerals, water conservancy, ocean, public security, market, etc. In practice, it often happens that nature reserves span more than two administrative regions without a unified management organization, or although they have their own territorial management organizations, cross-regional management cannot be implemented due to administrative authority, resulting in timely and effective coordination and settlement of resource management and related affairs. Ecosystem diversity not only includes the diversity of ecosystem components, but also emphasizes the complexity of ecological processes and their dynamic changes. In the high-level protection of biodiversity in the Yangtze River, the whole basin needs to adhere to comprehensive management, systematic management and source management, break the shackles of administrative divisions, strengthen the coordination of tasks among functional departments, and clarify the relationship between powers and responsibilities, so as to keep the mother river alive forever.

　　Guangming Daily (October 14, 2023, 07 edition)

Hubei Daily full media reporter Zuo Chen, correspondent Zhang Yingying

On November 18, Lantu Automotive Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Lantu Automotive") announced the completion of the A round of financing agreement signing and delivery. This round of financing is nearly 5 billion yuan, and the market valuation after financing is nearly 30 billion yuan.

This is the largest first round of financing in China’s new energy vehicle industry to date, which will further optimize the shareholding structure of Lantu Automobile, marking a key step in the marketization of Dongfeng’s high-end new energy brand.

It is expected that more than 40% will be used for technology research and development

According to the disclosure, this round of financing of Lantu Automobile, a total of 10 investors, led by the national team of central enterprises with strategic coordination and large state-owned Financial Institutions Group, state-owned, industrial and private capital actively followed suit.

The joint lead investors are the state-owned enterprise mixed reform fund and Bank of China assets, and the follow-up investors include three state-owned capitals, ICBC Investment, Agricultural Bank Investment, and Jiaoyin Yuanjing, Wuhan Economic Development Fund, Hubei High Quality Development Fund, and Zhongxin High Investment, three local state-owned assets, Ganfeng Lithium Industry and Xinwangda two industries and private capital. Dongfeng Group followed up this financing simultaneously. After this round of financing, Dongfeng Group held 78.88%, A round investors held 12.37%, and Lantu employee shareholding platform held 8.75%.

Lantu Automobile CFO Shen Jun said that this round of financing investors have strategic synergies with Lantu Automobile, especially in the areas of mixed ownership and institutional reform, strategic business collaboration, comprehensive financial services, and three power supply chains. They will achieve resource integration and complementary advantages with Lantu Automobile, and establish a new industrial ecosystem of integration and symbiosis.

The funds will be used to support Lantu’s technology research and development, marketing investment, digital system construction, capacity building and other matters related to the operation and expansion of Lantu’s main business. It is expected that more than 40% will be used for technology research and development. Shen Jun revealed that the company will continue to carry out follow-up financing work as an opportunity. "Based on market and regulatory policies, Lantu will also consider the follow-up IPO plan."

Lu Fang, CEO of Lantu Automobile, said that the financing is based on two considerations. On the one hand, through the introduction of strategic investors to empower, industrial synergies are formed in the upstream and downstream industrial chains, especially Sandian and marketing ecological cooperation, and complementary advantages are realized with investors to further promote the rapid development of Lantu’s business. On the other hand, it is also to continue to implement the relevant requirements of the "double hundred enterprises" mixed reform, improve the corporate governance structure, revitalize the system and mechanism, and further enhance the value preservation and appreciation of state-owned capital, improve the competitiveness of the state-owned economy, and enlarge the function of state-owned capital.

"Fight" in the market wave

As a high-end new energy vehicle brand built by Dongfeng Group, Landmap carries the dual mission of Dongfeng brand upward and exploring new systems and mechanisms, and is a key project for the mixed ownership reform of state-owned central enterprises.

The purpose of the mixed reform of state-owned enterprises is to create a competitive governance system that conforms to modern corporate governance and can cultivate competitiveness and innovation.

Lu Fang said that this round of financing will give full play to the advantages of capital markets in resource allocation, deepen the reform of Lantu’s mixed ownership and system and mechanism, and help Lantu build a more scientific and perfect governance structure, more flexible and efficient operating mechanism, innovation ability and market competitiveness.

"People are the most critical resource for the future development of Lantu Automobile." Lu Fang introduced that Lantu implements flat management and project owner system internally, without departments and calling each other "teachers", coordinated operations, and efficient implementation. Last year, Lantu launched the Equity Incentive Plan for the core backbone of the enterprise, which realized employee stock ownership incentives. After this round of financing, the shareholding of Lantu’s employee stock ownership platform reached 8.75%.

The fast market-oriented response mechanism has allowed Landscape to accelerate since its establishment.

Since the launch of the brand in 2020, Lantu has launched two high-end new energy vehicle products, Lantu FREE and Lantu Dreamer. The third sedan, Lantu Chaser, is expected to debut in December this year, becoming the most complete product layout among China’s new energy vehicle brands. The cumulative layout of 1,771 patents has been applied for, and the patent growth rate is the first in the new energy industry. In September this year, Lantu FREE was officially shipped to Norway, becoming the first new energy national team brand to go overseas.

At present, Lantu Automotive’s R & D personnel account for 38% of the total number of technology companies, and the average age of the team is 32.6 years. The proportion of R & D teams ranks first among new vehicle companies.

Hubei’s competition for a new track adds "weight"

With the "catch-up" of Lantu Automobile in financing, the marketization of new energy brands under traditional car companies has accelerated.

In August last year, Geely Automobile Group’s JK Automobile signed a strategic investment agreement with five prospective investors; in March this year, GAC Aian completed the first introduction of strategic investors; Changan Automobile’s brand Avita was listed on Chongqing’s property rights trading network for the second time; Shanghai Automobile Group’s Zhiji Automobile announced the completion of the A round of equity financing agreement.

"New energy vehicles have become the main direction of the development of the global automotive industry. Whether it is traditional car companies or new car-making forces, they are increasing investment in the field of new energy." Lu Chihua, a professor at the School of Automotive Engineering of Wuhan University of Technology, said that the current round of financing of Lantu Automobile has many leading companies in the industrial chain, which will form a joint force for industrial competition.

For example, the state-owned enterprise mixed reform fund is approved by the State Council, and the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council has entrusted China Chengtong Holding Group Co., Ltd. to initiate the establishment of a national fund, focusing on the layout of national strategic emerging, technological innovation and mixed ownership reform in key areas of the industrial chain; Ganfeng Lithium Industry and Xinwangda are both leading enterprises in the field of lithium batteries.

Lu Chihua said that this not only means that Lantu Automobile will get more "ammunition" and work with industry partners to create more in line with market demand and more competitive products, but also means that it has the ability to represent the entire Wuhan, and even Hubei, to participate in the national and even world competition in the new energy vehicle market.

Lu Fang, CEO of Lantu Automobile, said that the current international economic situation is severe, and various unfavorable factors are superimposed, making it more difficult to invest and finance in the automobile and parts industry. However, Lantu Automobile’s success in "leading the war" reflects the full recognition and confidence of investors in the primary market for the investment value of Lantu Automobile, and also shows that Lantu Automobile has super strength and unique advantages in the high-end intelligent electric vehicle track.

Guo Fucheng appeared on a motorcycle wearing a red suit, full of momentum

　　　　Sina Entertainment News "Stage King" Guo Fucheng (listening to songs) in the concert of the wild and wonderful performance was amazing, the whole city before the night (November 21) jumped to the crotch, revealing the flesh-colored leggings, the audience high enough to stand up and sing with him.

　　　　"Guo Fucheng Dancing Forest True Concert" has attracted many people in the circle in recent days. The sixth guest of the previous night was Chen Huilin (listening to the song) (Kelly), Zhou Liqi, Sun Yaowei (listening to the song, blog), Chen Jieling, Lin Xiaofeng and his wife Conzini, etc. Kelly praised the 360-degree liftoff and changeable stage created by Chengcheng Haodao 5 million. She held a blow stick and beat all night. When she saw the excitement, she stood up and danced with the city.

　　　　The city wearing a red suit and riding a motorcycle is full of momentum. Due to the light and thin material of the red suit, the city dances on the iron cavalry, jumping until even the crotch explodes, the higher the jump, the bigger the explosion, revealing the flesh-colored leggings.

　　　　In the last part of the wet and wild performance, Chengcheng was even more crazy. Zhou Liqi, Sun Yaowei and others, who were sitting in the first row, although they had already put on the raincoats prepared by the conference, Chengcheng kicked hard in front of them intentionally or unintentionally, splashing the water in the pool into everyone, scaring Zhou Liqi to turn and dodge many times. The scene was funny.

　　　　Due to the end of the concert tomorrow night, Chengcheng couldn’t help but show his feelings of reluctance. He said on the stage: "I haven’t been since last night, because I miss (miss) this stage." Chengcheng is grateful to his fans for their support over the years. He promised his fans that he would overcome difficulties and strive to achieve success. He choked up and said: "I read a book," The True Story of the Dancing Forest ", and I remember that the last page says’No matter how you don’t give up, you have to leave, no matter how you don’t give up, you can have a moment. ‘" (Li Li/Wen)

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Editor in charge: Wang Ying

Hello, I’m DQ.

recentlyByd Qin (parameter picture) PLUS DM-iThis car can be said to be quite popular, with orders exceeding xx million. It is not uncommon for many people to wait anxiously to pick up the car. Officials say it’s in a power loss situationThe fuel consumption per 100 kilometers is as low as 3.8L,Only 20 cents per kilometer.Whether it can really save energy,I always have a question mark in my heart.

So, when you receive it,Byd Qin PLUS DM-iI was very happy when I was invited to the event, thinking that this time I finally had the opportunity to help you personally verify it and see how this car actually feels when used, and whether it is so economical.

What we test drive this time isTop version of BYD Qin PLUS DM-i 120km long battery life versionIn appearance, it continues.Byd Dragon FaceCompared with the front and tail, I prefer its side lines, which look very smooth as a whole.

The interior has two color schemes.Cloud blue and flowing water brownThe test drive vehicle is running water brown, but I prefer another combination of blue and white. White is more advanced, but it is also easier to get dirty. At this price.(Top with 14.580,000)I think whether it is the appearance or the interior,It is in line with its positioning in detail and quality.

Byd Qin PLUS DM-i has a length, width and height of 4765X1837X1495mm and a wheelbase of 2718mm,The overall space is still quite good. Next, I will focus on the experience of the three-day trip. During the trip, I will give you an in-depth analysis with the deepening of the experience.There are many advantages, and there are also slots.Come and follow me into this section from Nanjing to Beijing."A box of oil spans seven provinces"A challenging journey!

Day 1: The total mileage is 307 kilometers.
(157km in the morning and 150km in the afternoon)

Before departure, we filled up the oil and sealed the box at Hongze Lake toll station.(No more refueling or charging during the whole journey), the vehicle mileage is cleared to 0, indicating the maximum cruising range.1125kmThe journey officially begins.

On the one hand, I have to plan how to use it.A box of oilDriving back to Beijing, so we must consider how to save fuel to successfully complete this challenge. On the other hand, because everyone wants to know it is close.Actual fuel consumption in daily use,I also want to try its fuel consumption level in more extreme cases.

So, on the first morning of this trip, I drove in a more radical way.The road condition is city+expressway.There is traffic jam in the urban area, and the high-speed car suddenly accelerates and brakes, holding down the speed limit.120km/hOpen,Finally, the average energy consumption in recent 50km is 4.7L/100km, of which the fuel consumption is 3.8L/100km.(Because of kinetic energy recovery, the motor parts+,-and 0 may appear, and then converted into fuel consumption, which is the bottom value).

The afternoon journey returned to normal driving, the weather was hot, and the air conditioner was on.Speed of 60-80Km/h,In recent 50km, the average energy consumption is 3.9L/100km, of which the fuel consumption is 3.6L/100km.

The next day: the total mileage is 396 kilometers.
(199km in the morning and 197km in the afternoon)

The whole morning was high-speed, the temperature was not high, the air conditioner was not turned on, and it was not fast.Speed of 60-70Km/hThe trip was very long and boring. I sat in the co-pilot and beat the king with the central control screen. I completed a four-game extraordinary with Lu Ban. At the end of the morning trip,In recent 50km, the average energy consumption is 2.9L/100km, of which the fuel consumption is 2.9L/100km.

In the afternoon, there was a storm in Lu Yu, then it cleared up, and some sections of the city were congested.The speed is 70-100Km/h, and the average energy consumption in recent 50km is 3.5L/100km, of which the fuel consumption is 3.6L/100km.

Day 3: The total mileage is 411km.
(217km in the morning and 194km in the afternoon)

The endless highway is really difficult, and at this time, BYD Qin PLUS DM-i’s powerful car system is very important.Its speech recognition speed is very fast,Call Xiao Di if you want to do something, and it will help you realize it quickly. Moreover, the central control panel can be used in separate screens while navigating.Co-pilot can also watch Tik Tok or other content, killing a lot of boring time on the road.

Constant speed cruise and lane keeping are also very easy to use, and it is very labor-saving to use in such long-distance sections. It’s mostly provincial and national roads in the morning, and there are many carts.The road condition is not very good, and the speed is 70-100 km/h. At the end of the morning trip, the average energy consumption in the recent 50km was 3.6L/100km, of which the fuel consumption was 3.8L/100km.

It was cool in the afternoon, and the air conditioner was not turned on. Because of the good weather, I wanted to enjoy the scenery along the way slowly, so I didn’t drive fast.60-70Km/hWhen you arrive at your final destination,In recent 50km, the average energy consumption is 2.9L/100km, of which the fuel consumption is 2.6L/100km.

Total mileage in three days1114kmFinally, the remaining mileage is shown.164km, full of oil only used.263 yuan. The total loss of electricity and fuel consumption in the past three days3.7L/100km(Loss of electricity and fuel consumption means that the pure electric driving part with more than 25% electricity is removed, and vehicles can’t switch to pure electric driving mode as long as it is below 25%), which has indeed reached the official standard.

The overall data of three days are summarized in the table, and the fuel consumption situation is clear at a glance.

Byd Qin PLUS DM-i
There are indeed many advantages

First of all, this powertrain with Xiaoyun-plug-in special 1.5L high-efficiency engine, EHS electric hybrid system and DM-i super hybrid special blade battery as the core of the architecture is really good.

First of all, the biggest advantage is that the battery life is long enoughThe switching between the engine and the motor is very smooth and quiet, even in the case of power loss, and the power is not weak.It’s quite enough to walk every day, and it’s easy and comfortable to drive.

Second,The seat is very comfortable, and you are a good hand for long-distance travel.Coupled with the very intelligent lane keeping and cruise control system, it is not tiring to drive hundreds of kilometers every day. People like me, who get cervical spondylosis after driving for a long time, have never suffered from cervical spondylosis after three days.

Third,The car system is very powerful.Bluetooth connection and voice recognition are very fast, the central control panel can rotate horizontally/vertically, and there are many built-in apps, which are powerful and can be operated in different screens.

Fourth,The appearance of the whole vehicle is durable.On the first day we met for the first time, it seemed ok at first glance, but these days we get along with each other more and more pleasing to the eye.At least I think this level is really good at the price of 100 thousand.Come and see more beautiful pictures. You will love them.

Of course, we can also pick out some shortcomings. For example, the chassis is hard and slightly jumping. The dashboard screen is a little small, and the reflection is obvious. It would be much better if there was a sun visor. The USB interface is located on the right side of the main driver, which is not so convenient. It would be better if there was a Type-C interface.However, the shortcomings are not hidden. In my opinion, its advantages are enough to cover these small shortcomings. After all, I have never seen any car that is completely faultless.

A tank of oil drives more than 1200 kilometers, which is a bit beyond expectations.And my grades are still very poor, and there are more than 450 kilometers left in the cruising range to the destination.
In order to bring you the most authentic feelings and experiences,The data of the whole trip is truly recorded every day.Friends who were still skeptical about fuel consumption before can start with peace of mind.

If you have any questions about BYD Qin PLUS DM-i, please leave me a message. See you next time.

　　CCTV News:Researchers announced on the 3rd that two serious security vulnerabilities have been found in computer chips, involving a large number of computers and smart phones around the world, which may be the most influential security vulnerability in computer history.

　　A large number of computers and smart devices or "strokes"

Image source network

　　Google announced on the 3rd US time that its team and technicians from many countries have jointly discovered two chip-level security vulnerabilities, through which hackers can illegally read system memory and steal key information such as passwords. One of the vulnerabilities involves almost all CPU chips produced by Intel in recent years, and the other vulnerability affects chips produced by Intel, AMD, a semiconductor company of Chaowei, and ARM Technologies, UK. That is to say, almost all desktop computers, notebook computers and Internet servers using Intel’s CPU, as well as computers, smart phones, tablets and other intelligent devices using chips from Intel, AMD, and ARM Technologies, may be recruited.

　　Major manufacturers have introduced security patches one after another.

　　However, the researchers said that they had discovered these two vulnerabilities in the middle of last year and informed major manufacturers. Over the past six months, various companies have been making security patches to fix these two vulnerabilities. At present, both Microsoft and Apple have prepared security patches for their desktop computer operating systems, and Google also said that smartphones using the latest version of Android operating system are also safe. It is not clear whether Apple’s iphone and ipad tablets are also affected by these two security vulnerabilities.

　　No sign of vulnerability being exploited by hackers has been found yet.

　　The BBC quoted the British network security agency as saying that users don’t have to worry too much. So far, there are no signs that these two vulnerabilities have been obtained and exploited by hackers, so it is only necessary to update the security patches of major manufacturers in time. However, some media also said that security patches may slow down the system, and the degree of slowdown may be between 5% and 30%. Intel denied this statement.