Recently, seven departments, including the Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of Finance, jointly issued the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of Automobile Trade-in Subsidies, which clarified the subsidy policy for automobile trade-in funds.

■ Scope and standard of subsidies

During the period from the date of issuance of the Detailed Rules to December 31, 2024, individual consumers who scrap fuel passenger cars with national emission standards of Class III and below or new energy passenger cars registered before April 30, 2018, and buy new passenger cars that meet the energy-saving requirements can enjoy a one-time fixed subsidy.

For scrapping the above two types of old passenger cars and buying qualified new energy passenger cars, the subsidy is 10 thousand yuan.

For scrapping fuel passenger cars with national emission standards of Grade III and below and buying fuel passenger cars with a displacement of 2.0 liters and below, the subsidy is 7,000 yuan.

Passenger cars mentioned in these Rules refer to small and micro passenger cars registered in the public security traffic control department. Fuel passenger cars with emission standards up to National III refer to gasoline passenger cars registered before June 30, 2011, diesel passenger cars registered before June 30, 2013 and passenger cars with other fuel types.

■ Subsidy application process

Individual consumers who intend to apply for automobile trade-in subsidies should fill in the application materials by logging in to the website of the national automobile circulation information management system or the "automobile trade-in" applet before January 10, 2025. Materials include-

Personal identification information;

Original photos or scanned copies of the vehicle identification code of scrapped vehicles, the certificate of recycling scrapped vehicles and the certificate of cancellation of motor vehicles;

The vehicle identification code of the new car, the original photo or scanned copy of the Uniform Invoice for Motor Vehicle Sales and the Motor Vehicle Registration Certificate, etc.

Relevant materials shall be obtained from the date of issuance of the Rules to December 31, 2024. Among them, the Certificate of Scrap Motor Vehicle Recycling shall be issued by a qualified scrap motor vehicle recycling and dismantling enterprise.

■ Supervision and management requirements

Relevant local departments should do a good job in subsidizing the old-for-new vehicles according to their duties and strengthen supervision and management.

All localities shall not require that scrapped cars be sold to designated enterprises, and shall not set up a list of subsidies or enterprises with regional and technical product orientation.

All localities should set up a telephone hotline for car trade-in, respond to public demands in time, and accept social supervision. If illegal acts such as defrauding subsidy funds by improper means (including forging or altering related materials, colluding with others to provide false information, etc.) are found, relevant local departments will deal with them severely according to laws and regulations.

Detailed rules for the implementation of automobile trade-in subsidy

Chapter I Scope and Standards of Subsidies

Article 1 During the period from the date of issuance of these Detailed Rules to December 31, 2024, individual consumers will be given a one-time fixed subsidy for scrapping fuel passenger cars with national emission standards of Class III and below or new energy passenger cars registered before April 30, 2018 (including that day, the same below), and buying new energy passenger cars or fuel passenger cars with a displacement of 2.0 liters and below which are listed in the Catalogue of New Energy Vehicles with Vehicle Purchase Tax Exemption and Exemption by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. Among them, for scrapping the above two types of used cars and buying new energy passenger cars, the subsidy is 10,000 yuan; For scrapping fuel passenger cars with national emission standards of Grade III and below and buying fuel passenger cars with a displacement of 2.0 liters and below, the subsidy is 7,000 yuan.

Article 2 Passenger cars mentioned in these Detailed Rules refer to small and micro passenger cars registered in the traffic control department of public security. Fuel passenger cars with emission standards up to National III refer to gasoline passenger cars registered before June 30, 2011, diesel passenger cars registered before June 30, 2013 and passenger cars with other fuel types.

Chapter II Declaration, Examination and Issuance of Subsidies

Article 3 Individual consumers who intend to apply for subsidy funds for automobile trade-in should fill in their personal identity information, vehicle identification code of scrapped automobiles, original photos or scanned copies of Scrap Motor Vehicle Recycling Certificate and Motor Vehicle Cancellation Certificate before January 10, 2025. The vehicle identification code of the new car, the original photo or scanned copy of the Uniform Invoice for Motor Vehicle Sales and the Motor Vehicle Registration Certificate, etc., and submit the subsidy application to the place where the subsidy is accepted (that is, the place where the Uniform Invoice for Motor Vehicle Sales is issued).

The above Certificate of Recovery of Scrapped Motor Vehicles, Certificate of Cancellation of Motor Vehicles, Uniform Invoice for Motor Vehicle Sales and Motor Vehicle Registration Certificate shall be obtained from the date of issuance of these Detailed Rules to December 31, 2024. Among them, the Certificate of Scrap Motor Vehicle Recycling shall be issued by a qualified scrap motor vehicle recycling and dismantling enterprise.

Article 4 After receiving the application materials, the local competent commercial departments shall, in conjunction with the departments of finance, public security, industry and information technology, conduct audit according to their functions and responsibilities, and feed back the audit results through the vehicle trade-in platform. The Ministry of Commerce, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other departments provide information verification and comparison services such as the recovery and cancellation of scrapped motor vehicles, the registration of new vehicles, and new energy vehicle models, and support local governments to carry out audit work efficiently.

If the information submitted by the applicant is true and complete and meets the requirements of these rules, it shall be examined and approved. If the information submitted by the applicant is incomplete or unclear and unrecognizable, the receiving place will inform the applicant of the information correction requirements, and the applicant will correct the relevant information through the original channels before the application deadline specified in these Rules as required.

Article 5 The local competent commercial departments shall timely collect the information of applicants who meet the subsidy conditions, determine the subsidy amount, and apply for funds to the financial department. Local financial departments shall allocate subsidy funds to the bank account provided by the applicant according to the financial arrangement proposal put forward by the competent commercial department and approved by the local supervision bureau of the Ministry of Finance.

Chapter III Management of Subsidy Funds

Article 6 The subsidy funds for automobile trade-in shall be shared by the central finance and local finance in the overall ratio of 6: 4, and the specific sharing ratio shall be determined by regions. Among them, the eastern provinces are shared at a ratio of 5: 5, the central provinces at a ratio of 6: 4, and the western provinces at a ratio of 7: 3. Part of the local burden, led by the provincial finance department is responsible for the implementation in place.

Article 7 According to the number of fuel passenger cars with national emission standards of Grade III and below at the end of 2023, the Ministry of Finance will pre-allocate 70% subsidy funds to the provinces to support local start-up related work. During the implementation of the policy, according to the aforementioned bicycle subsidy standards, the central and local governments will subsidize eligible scrapped and updated vehicles according to the established sharing ratio, and all localities will settle accounts with consumers according to the facts.

Article 8 After the policy implementation period ends, the central and local governments will conduct liquidation again according to the principle of "more refunds and less subsidies". The provincial commerce departments and financial departments shall submit the distribution of subsidy funds to the Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of Finance before February 10, 2025, and the Ministry of Commerce shall conduct a summary review of the distribution of subsidy funds reported by all localities, and put forward the proposal of subsidizing capital settlement by all provinces to the Ministry of Finance. The Ministry of Finance issues the budget according to the suggestions made by the Ministry of Commerce.

Chapter IV Supervision and Administration

Article 9 The Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of Finance, together with the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the State Administration of Taxation and other departments, shall, according to their respective functions and duties, guide the relevant local departments to supervise and manage the subsidy for automobile trade-in.

Article 10 Local competent commercial departments are responsible for supervising the audit of subsidy funds, and local financial departments are responsible for supervising the disbursement of subsidy funds. The Ministry of Finance timely organizes local supervision bureaus of the Ministry of Finance to check the declaration and use of subsidy funds, and local public security, industry, information technology, taxation and other departments do a good job in cancellation registration of old cars, registration of new cars, unified invoice management of motor vehicle sales, information statistics and reporting and other related work according to their duties, so as to ensure the safety and timely disbursement of funds and implement subsidy policies.

All localities shall not require that scrapped cars be sold to designated enterprises, and shall not set up a list of subsidies or enterprises with regional and technical product orientation.

Article 11 All localities shall set up telephone hotlines for exchanging old cars for new ones to respond to public demands in a timely manner and accept social supervision. If illegal acts such as defrauding subsidy funds by improper means (including forging or altering related materials, colluding with others to provide false information, etc.) are found, relevant local departments will deal with them severely according to laws and regulations.

Article 12 The relevant departments shall deal with those who buy, sell, forge or alter the Recovery Certificate of Scrap Motor Vehicles, assemble vehicles and drive the recovered scrapped vehicles on the road or flow to the society according to the State Council Decree No.715 (Measures for the Administration of Scrap Motor Vehicles Recovery).

Thirteenth of the units and individuals who misappropriate or defraud subsidy funds, the relevant departments in accordance with the State Council DecreeNo. 427th ("Regulations on penalties and sanctions for financial violations") and other relevant laws and regulations.

Chapter V Supplementary Provisions

Article 14 These Rules shall be implemented as of the date of promulgation. The provincial commerce departments and financial departments may formulate specific implementation rules for automobile trade-in according to these rules and the actual situation in the region.

Article 15 These Detailed Rules shall be interpreted by the Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of Finance jointly with relevant departments.

Original title: "Clear! The maximum subsidy is10,000 yuan! 》

Read the original text

　　It is a common phenomenon that college students drink alcohol. Colleges and universities in Shaanxi, Yunnan and other places have issued regulations prohibiting students from drinking alcohol on campus. Some people think that the school can avoid students’ drinking behavior and reduce students’ problems due to drunkenness. Some people think that college students are adults and the management of the school is too strict. Are you in favor of banning alcohol in colleges and universities?

　　Recently, wenjuan.com, the Social Investigation Center of China Youth Newspaper, conducted a survey on 1,986 college students, showing that 65.0% of the college students were in favor of banning alcohol from students in colleges and universities. 65.4% of the students surveyed suggested that the school hold lectures to popularize the dangers of excessive drinking.

　　Among the college students interviewed, 64.3% are boys and 35.7% are girls.

　　65.0% of the college students surveyed are in favor of banning alcohol from students in colleges and universities.

　　"There are many snack bars and food stalls outside our school. It is common for everyone to go out to eat or have a group dinner on weekends." Yan Zhao (pseudonym), who is studying in Hefei, said.

　　Yang Yan (not her real name), who works in Beijing, recalled that she drank when she participated in some club activities at school. "I feel that I don’t have much capacity for liquor, and because of my respect, I will drink a little. After graduation, I had a farewell dinner in my class. I drank a little red wine, and then my skin began to get red spots and my heart beat faster. When my roommate saw it, he said it was an alcohol allergy. I’ll leave the table immediately and go back to the dormitory to rest. That experience frightened me. Never touch wine again. "

　　In the survey, 83.0% of the college students surveyed said that there were many students drinking around. 74.9% of the college students interviewed have encountered the situation that their classmates are drunk. Further interactive analysis shows that 76.1% of the boys interviewed have encountered this situation, and the proportion is higher than that of the girls interviewed (72.6%).

　　Xiao Yu (a pseudonym) is from Harbin. She is currently a graduate student in a university in Wuhan. She thinks that she has a good capacity for alcohol. She was drunk at the dinner table where she saw the graduates off at a hometown party. "Everyone thinks graduation is a bit sad, and it’s really a drink ‘ Fragment ’ Well, I can’t remember how I got back to the dormitory. I slept until noon the next day, and my stomach was still uncomfortable after I got up, and I was bored the next day. "

　　According to the survey, 65.0% of the college students are in favor of banning alcohol from students in colleges and universities, while 21.0% of the students are not in favor.

　　Yang Yan thinks that students should be encouraged to drink less and not to drink.

　　Zhang Zehui, who works in Wuxi, supports the prohibition of alcohol in schools: "You should study hard at school. What needs to be solved by drinking?" I didn’t find out until I graduated that the time in college was very precious. College students should read more books and exercise, and don’t waste time on drinking. "

　　Xiao Yu said frankly that after being drunk, she had a resistance to alcohol. "Now I feel sick when I smell alcohol. It’s a pity that drinking hurts my body."

　　75.6% of the college students surveyed think that drinking alcohol can be used to measure students’ comprehensive quality.

　　In the survey, 72.1% of the college students think that the main consideration of alcohol prohibition in colleges and universities is the health problems caused by drinking, and 57.6% of the college students think that it is out of the need to standardize students’ lives.

　　Yang Yan thinks that banning alcohol in colleges and universities can reduce the occurrence of students’ out-of-control behavior after drinking and avoid some tragedies. "When I was at school, I met students who drank too much and went crazy on campus, which had a very bad influence. Others will say that college life without drunkenness is not complete or something, which will have a bad guidance for students. "

　　Zhang Zehui believes that many students regard drinking as a manifestation of "enough society". "But now the overall drinking atmosphere in society is changing, and we are very strict in eating and drinking. Schools also need to guide students’ drinking behavior. "

　　In the survey, 75.6% of the college students surveyed feel that drinking can be used as a standard to measure the comprehensive quality of college students.

　　How should colleges and universities guide students’ drinking behavior? In the survey, 65.4% of the college students suggested that the school should hold lectures to popularize the dangers of excessive drinking, and 61.5% of the college students hoped to adhere to the concept of "should be sparse but not blocked" and avoid adopting a "one size fits all" approach to management.

　　"Colleges and universities ‘ Prohibition ’ The starting point is for the good of students, but in addition to prohibiting students from drinking at school from the school system, there are still some guiding measures, such as telling students more about the dangers of excessive drinking, and not encouraging student associations to drink. " Yang Yan believes.

　　Yan Zhao believes that college students are adults, so they should have the ability to think independently and learn to be responsible for their actions. "It is impossible to completely rely on the prohibition of alcohol in schools, and more education and guidance are needed to enable students to consciously develop good living habits."

　　China Youth Daily Zhongqing Online Reporter Sun Shan

　　Tianjin Hengtai Automobile Trading Co., Ltd. is located in Haibin No.5 Road, Tianjin Port Free Trade Zone, with an independent exhibition hall of thousands of square meters, which can accommodate hundreds of exhibition cars. Adhering to the concept of honest management, the company provides the best quality automobile sales service to customers all over the country, ensuring that all the vehicles sold are imported, and there is no compulsory and additional fees for car purchase. At present, there are many cars in the 2023 SRT exhibition hall. The formalities are complete and the invoice is issued on the same day, and the car can enjoy the lowest transaction price in the country! Multi-choice models with rich colors, direct sales to all parts of the country, and professional national mortgage loans to buy cars. For more details, please call the 24-hour car consultation hotline: 18822276757 Ou Manager (with WeChat).

　　The redesigned and upgraded vehicle sports kit and suspension adjustment of 2023 Hellcat SRT will be harder. The integrated taillight of the new car uses 164 LED light sources, and the rear wing of the muscle car improves its stability at high speed, while the bottom spoiler and the large-diameter double-outlet tail row more thoroughly demonstrate its powerful performance. The embedded round headlights look extremely fierce, revealing the heroic style of the American muscle car.

　　As an American muscle model, the 2023 Dodge Hellcat SRT needs a little sloppy and rough to be more American. There is such a car that you feel a little throbbing when you first see it. At the same time, it is more about appreciation. Most friends who have feelings for the American muscle car will love it and even regard it as a treasure. It is the Dodge Challenger.

　　The interior design of 2023 Dodge Hellcat SRT is self-evident and the overall atmosphere is quite sporty. The lines on the side are dominated by rough and overbearing power lines, which are very muscular. The lightweight design will reduce the quality of the whole vehicle compared with the current vehicle, so as to get better performance of the acceleration system. There is also the exclusive logo of Hellcat translated into Hellcat on the dashboard.

　　The 2023 Dodge Hellcat SRT is equipped with a 6.2-liter HEMI V8 supercharged engine with a maximum power of 600 HP, which is matched with a six-speed manual transmission or a TorqueFlite eight-speed automatic transmission. The new Dodge Hellcat SRT Hellcat V8 6.2L 707 horsepower accelerates for 3.7 seconds. The transmission system is matched with a brand-new 8-speed automatic transmission, which is used to match the increased torque output of ChargerSRT.

　　Pilot enterprise units of automobiles imported from the same source, directly from overseas and in parallel. The car models sold by our company can apply for loans all over the country, with low interest, simple procedures, no handling fees and quick approval. Add WeChat to buy a car and get a luxury gift package worth 10,000 yuan. WeChat updates the latest model quotation and picture configuration every day, and more car information configuration quotations and preferential activities are published on WeChat. Welcome to add! Our company promises that this vehicle is a brand-new vehicle imported from the original factory, and provides the official customs clearance, commodity inspection, invoice, certificate of conformity, environmental protection list, two-dimensional code of vehicle electronic information and vehicle purchase tax declaration form for this vehicle. For more details, please call the 24-hour car consultation hotline: 18822276757 Ou Manager (with WeChat).

　　Dealer name: Tianjin Hengtai Automobile Sales Co., Ltd.

　　Dealer address: No.43, Haibin Fifth Road, Binhai New Area, Tianjin

　　Dealer Tel: 18822276757 Ou Manager (same as WeChat)

　　Disclaimer: The above car purchase preferential information is provided by the comprehensive dealers of this website, and the price fluctuates greatly due to market factors, which is only for car purchase reference; The distributor is responsible for its authenticity, accuracy and legality, and this website does not provide any guarantee or assume any legal responsibility.

　　More than 300,000 yuan for Porsche and 600,000 yuan for Bentley Rolls Royce? Smart, when you see such an advertisement, you must know that there are a lot of tricks. However, all-media reporters have noticed on major websites and community platforms that similar advertisements for selling luxury cars at ultra-low prices are endless every year, especially near the end of the year. Recently, the traffic police department announced some cases of car inspection, pointing to the risks and hazards of buying low-priced luxury cars. However, there are still many people who are willing to "pretend to be confused" and covet small bargains. Che Tianxiajun digs the stories behind these low-priced luxury cars for everyone.

　　Text/Photo: Guangzhou Daily All-Media Reporter Deng Li

　　[Price Check] There is a market for smuggling cars at a low price.

　　Rolls-Royce, Bentley, Ferrari, Lamborghini … … These familiar luxury cars are super-running, which is the dream of many people. Where there is demand, there is a market. A shady smuggling channel has been quietly selling ultra-low-priced luxury cars in the market for many years. This is what we often call water trucks. How cheap is the smuggling car? Take a 2015 Porsche Cayenne GTS as an example. The guide price of a new car is more than 1.5 million yuan, and the price of a used car with a car age of about 1-2 years ranges from 1 million to 1.3 million yuan, but it only takes more than 300,000 yuan to smuggle. A 2012 Bentley speeding at a price of 5 million yuan, the normal second-hand price is 1.3 million to 2 million yuan, but the smuggling car only needs 600,000 to 700,000 yuan. In other words, you can buy a top luxury car at the price of a small BMW or a big Mercedes-Benz. No wonder some people are excited.

　　The reporter noticed that the current "publicity" channels of car smugglers mainly rely on automobile communities and forums, followed by the spread of WeChat friends circle. In a rider forum, a reporter casually saw an advertisement: "Hummer, Porsche, 400,000 yuan, Touareg, 300,000 yuan, Bentley, 600,000 yuan can win … …” Followed by more than a dozen riders’ consultation posts. As for why it is so cheap, the poster explained that the original imported new cars sold by domestic 4S stores are all declared in the form of bulk import trade, and the state has imposed a high import tax. Their original imported cars are declared in the form of small import trade or goods, so the price is attractive. It sounds like that, but is it?

　　[Source Exploration] Most of them are illegal inflows of used cars in the United States.

　　The vehicle management department pointed out that at present, there are only two legal channels for regular imported cars. One is the medium-sized imported cars imported by automobile OEMs and sold by authorized dealers, and the other is the parallel imported cars imported through regular ports in countries such as Tianjin Port and Nansha Port. Those imported luxury cars that are far below the market price are not the same as the "parallel imported cars" that have already obtained the import status through formal channels.

　　How did these cars get into the domestic market? All-media reporters contacted a car smuggler by selling the phone number of car smuggling online. The other party claimed that he was in Dongguan. If the price was satisfactory, he could drive the car to Guangzhou and pay for it. After several communications, the smuggler also revealed a lot of information. He said that Huangjiang, Dongguan, where he is located, is the most concentrated place for smuggling cars, and most of them come from the used car market in Europe, America and Europe.

　　All-media reporters learned that the warranty period of new cars in the United States is generally three years, and the warranty cost will increase greatly after the warranty period, so many Americans will sell them after the warranty period. Therefore, the used car market in the United States is very large and cheap. These cheap used cars have become the main source of smuggled cars in China. Car dealers first import cars to Hong Kong duty-free and then smuggle them to the mainland through Hong Kong. The vehicle management department pointed out that these smuggled cars do not have legal "identity cards" and cannot be licensed in the vehicle management office.

　　[Turning into the road] All rely on the "deck" traffic police to directly detain the car.

　　There are policies and countermeasures, and car dealers try their best to sell smuggled cars. The traffic police department pointed out that the most common way for car smugglers to help buyers "get on the card" is "deck", and it has formed a "professional" operation. Through their own channels, these illegal car dealers first find the regular vehicles with the same model and color as the smuggling vehicles, and then according to the real information of the regular vehicles, transform the identification code, frame number and engine number of the smuggling vehicles into the same as the legal vehicles, and forge a set of identical documents at the same time. This is the most common method of licensing the smuggling vehicles.

　　"Others directly set the license plates of the same model bought by their relatives and friends. They are separated by two places, and each driving their own car does not interfere with each other, and it is even more difficult to be found." The traffic police pointed out that the deck car is definitely not transferable. Of course, there is also a wonderful way to set up a deck, let the owner report the loss of a set of driving license, and then change the frame number and engine number of the smuggled car to the same as the legal car under his name. In this way, it can be used in different parts of the country with less money. Some car smugglers will find various underground channels to handle legal temporary license plates, which is also a relatively more "safe" deck method. Although there are many ways for smugglers to deck cars, the traffic police pointed out that the risk of deck cars is very high, and once they are found, they will directly detain them. "No matter how realistic the fake license and number plate are, they can be easily identified." According to China’s traffic laws and regulations, vehicles that use forged license plates will be detained without relevant formal and legal procedures, and those involved will be fined less than 5,000 yuan.

　　[Tip] Don’t get carried away by the cheap.

　　The price of smuggling cars is very low, but don’t be carried away by the cheapness. Mr. Liu, a local second-hand car practitioner, told the reporter that smuggling cars is not only illegal on the road, but also risky from its source. It is reported that at present, the sources of smuggling cars are not only domestic used cars eliminated in European and American markets, but also foreign stolen vehicles, scrapped or smuggled parts assembled vehicles. Many of these smuggled cars are accident cars and scrapped cars. After dismantling the flying roof and reassembling the paint, the appearance looks bright and beautiful, but the vehicles can’t meet the safety standards originally designed. In addition, due to the different sales areas, the condition of smuggled cars may not be suitable for domestic use. For example, some smuggled cars are equipped with a temperature protection device for their engines in cold areas. Once such vehicles are used in the south of China, the engines will frequently stall and cannot be used normally. Moreover, domestic oil products and road conditions are also easy to make smugglers "acclimatized" and cause endless troubles to car owners in maintenance.

　　[Case link] More than 3 million Bentley 620,000 bought?

　　Recently, a post-90s boy in Hunan bought a Bentley car worth more than 3 million yuan "smoothly" for only 620,000 yuan, and happily drove home in a luxury car. However, on the afternoon of December 14th, the young man and his Bentley were stopped by the traffic police at Xiaotang Toll Station of Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway. When the traffic police checked Bentley’s driving license and license plate, they found that all of them were forged and the license plate was also a deck. The young man told the traffic police that this Bentley was purchased after he saw the barrage advertisement on a website. Although he once suspected that the vehicle was not quite right, he found a so-called friend to help him check and said that there was nothing wrong with the car. Now this Bentley has been seized by the local traffic police and is suspected to be a parallel deck car. The young man’s car purchase of 620,000 yuan is a waste of water. Although it is really undesirable to be so greedy and cheap, there are quite a few similar cases, and there are different ways to buy them. "The Porsche I bought is basically used in my hometown and countryside. As long as it is not illegal, it has never been checked. If I need to drive a long distance or drive in a big city, I will still drive the car bought through formal channels. " Mr. Kong Kong of Guangxi, who is doing business in Guangzhou, told reporters that he bought two smuggling cars. A year ago, I spent 350,000 yuan to buy a smuggled Land Rover. After my fresh addiction, I recently contacted the same used car company. After selling Land Rover for 400,000 yuan, I spent 300,000 yuan to buy a Porsche Cayenne, which was enough for luxury car addiction.

　　CCTV News:On January 29th, WeChat official account, the Emergency Management Department, announced a batch of "going through the motions" law enforcement cases of safety production training.

　　Since 2021, the Emergency Management Department has deployed a nationwide "going through the motions" special rectification of safety production training in order to resolutely control outstanding problems such as formal safety production training, lax examination control and even suspected cheating in examinations, prevent and reduce production safety accidents, and effectively protect people’s lives and property. At present, various localities have successively investigated and dealt with a number of "going through the motions" law enforcement cases of safety production training, which are now announced, further urging examination institutions (examination points), training institutions and production and business units to strictly implement the responsibility of training and examination, making efforts to improve the quality of training and examination, and effectively improving the safety quality and skills of employees.

　　First, for the examination institutions (examination points) law enforcement cases

　　Case 1: Cheating at the safety production examination point in Yuecheng District, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province

　　On June 9, 2022, the People’s Court of Yuecheng District, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province held a public hearing to hear a case of illegally controlling the computer information system in the examination room. On January 17th, 2021, during a special operation theory examination organized by Shaoxing Traffic Vocational School (safety production examination point) in Yuecheng District, Shaoxing City, invigilators found that some computer seats in the examination had abnormal "automatic" answers. After investigation by Shaoxing Emergency Management Bureau, Zhejiang Province, it was found that it was an illegal act to organize cheating in the examination for remote control of the examination room information system. Shaoxing City Emergency Management Bureau revoked the authorization of the examination point to undertake the qualification examination for special operations in accordance with relevant regulations, and at the same time transferred the relevant clues to the public security organs for investigation. According to the investigation by the public security organs, the gang headed by Wei Mou recruited students in the form of promising to "package" the special operations exam in the name of training institutions, actually took advantage of the loophole of the computer connection to the Internet in the examination room, installed the software of remote control computer information system on the computer in the examination room privately, and organized "gunmen" outside the examination room to cheat for the candidates through the remote control system. Twelve people, including Wei Mou, organized at least 300 candidates to cheat in three special operation theory exams from December 2020 to January 2021 by illegally remotely controlling the computer information system of the examination room, and made an illegal profit of about 270,000 yuan. After the court heard it,The actions of 12 defendants, including Wei, have violated the crime of illegally controlling computer information systems. The first trial was sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment ranging from 10 months to 6 years and 6 months, and fined from 2,000 yuan to 40,000 yuan.

　　Case 2: The case of canceling the examination commission at the examination point of a training center of an electric power company in Baoding, Hebei Province.

　　On July 12, 2022, when the Emergency Management Bureau of Baoding City, Hebei Province supervised and inspected the safety theoretical knowledge examination point of a training center of an electric power company, it was found that the examination point had no independent legal person qualification, the theoretical examination function overlapped with safety training, and the examination and training were not divided, which did not meet the provisions of Article 4, paragraph 5, of the Interim Measures for the Administration of Safety Production Qualification Examination and Certificate and the acceptance criteria for the construction project of special operation examination points in Hebei Province. Baoding City Emergency Management Bureau made a decision to revoke the entrustment of the examination point to undertake the qualification examination for special operations in accordance with relevant regulations.

　　Case 3: The rectification case of a senior technical school in Haikou City, Hainan Province.

　　On May 17th, 2022, when the Emergency Management Department of Hainan Province and Haikou Emergency Management Bureau conducted a "go-through" special inspection of safety production training at an examination point of a senior technical school, it was found that there were the following violations: 1. The management system of safety production examination was not perfect, and there was a lack of assessment system; 2. Some facilities in the practical examination room for special operations do not meet the requirements for the construction of examination points, the site is not equipped with fire fighting equipment as required, and the hanging basket operation at heights lacks lifting steel ropes and safety belts; 3. The arrangement of candidates’ files is not standardized, the separation of examination and training is not strictly implemented, and the examination files and training files are mixed; 4. Some exam monitoring videos are missing. A random inspection of the exam files in March 2021 found that there was a lack of full-course monitoring videos, and the exam monitoring videos in September 2021 could not be opened. The above behavior does not conform to the provisions of the Interim Measures for the Administration of Safety Production Qualification Examination and Certificate on the construction standards of examination points, and Haikou City Emergency Management Bureau ordered the examination points to stop for rectification.

　　Second, law enforcement cases against training institutions

　　Case 4: Administrative punishment case of a vocational training school in Kunming, Yunnan Province

　　On June 28th, 2022, when the Emergency Management Bureau of Kunming City, Yunnan Province conducted an extended investigation on the telephone report of a vocational training school, it was found that it was suspected of falsifying the training archives. After investigation, it was found that the institution had the following illegal acts: 1. The teaching and training were not organized according to the training syllabus, and 158 special operation students in seven sessions were randomly selected, and the practical training hours only reached 10% ~ 40% of the required hours of the syllabus; 2. Issued false Work Safety Training Attendance Sheet and Time Certificate for 158 students. The above acts violate the provisions of Article 6 of the Measures for the Administration of Work Safety Training and Paragraph 2 of Article 41 of the Regulations on Work Safety in Yunnan Province. Kunming Emergency Management Bureau ordered the institution to make corrections within a time limit and imposed a fine of RMB 64,000, a fine of RMB 22,000 for the person in charge of the institution, and a fine of RMB 24,000 for Xu Moubing, an administrator of the institution, in accordance with Article 34, paragraph 2 of the Measures for the Administration of Work Safety Training and Article 55, paragraph 2 of the Regulations on Work Safety in Yunnan Province.

　　Case 5: Administrative penalty case of an information technology service company in Xi ‘an, Shaanxi Province.

　　On May 24th, 2022, when the Emergency Management Bureau of Xincheng District, Xi ‘an City, Shaanxi Province supervised and inspected an information technology service company, it was found that there were the following illegal acts: 1. Some practical training teachers for special jobs had no practical work experience in this field; 2. The teaching place is not equipped with enough fire fighting equipment, and there is only one fire extinguisher. The above acts violated the provisions of Article 5 of the Measures for the Administration of Safety Production Training, and the Emergency Management Bureau of Xincheng District ordered the institution to make corrections within a time limit. On June 21st, 2022, when Xi ‘an Emergency Management Bureau of Shaanxi Province and Xincheng Emergency Management Bureau carried out rectification and review of the institution, it was found that the existing problems were not corrected within the time limit, and at the same time, it was found that the institution still had the problem of incomplete and irregular training files. In the sixth high-voltage electrician training course in 2022, some students’ theoretical training time records were missing, and some students’ theoretical training time records did not match the time certificates. The above acts violate the provisions of Articles 5 and 15 of the Measures for the Administration of Safety Production Training. The Emergency Management Bureau of Xincheng District imposed an administrative penalty of RMB 30,000 on this institution according to the provisions of Item 1 and Item 3 of Article 34 of the Measures for the Administration of Safety Production Training.

　　Case 6: Illegal training in a vocational training school in Quanzhou, Fujian Province.

　　On July 21, 2022, when Fujian Provincial Emergency Management Department and Quanzhou Emergency Management Bureau conducted a special inspection of safety production training in a vocational training school, they found that there were the following illegal acts: 1. The training management systems such as student assessment, training registration, file management, process control and fund management were not perfect, and the corresponding work accounts were not established; 2. The training plan and teaching training are not formulated strictly according to the hours and contents required by the training syllabus, and the training hours are seriously insufficient; 3. The training files are not standardized and complete, and the file management is chaotic. The above acts violate the provisions of Articles 6 and 15 of the Measures for the Administration of Safety Production Training. Because the training institution could not meet the rectification requirements, Quanzhou Emergency Management Bureau removed it from the list of Quanzhou safety production training institutions in accordance with relevant regulations.

　　Three, for the production and business units of law enforcement cases

　　Case 7: The main person in charge of a high-tech carbon material company in Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province failed to perform the duties of safety production education and training.

　　On May 18, 2022, when the Emergency Management Bureau of Dongtai City, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province conducted a law enforcement inspection of Gaoxin Charcoal Co., Ltd., it was found that Wang, the main person in charge of the company, did not organize the formulation and implementation of the safety production education and training plan for the unit in 2022, and did not provide safety production education and training for employees, which violated the provisions of Article 21, paragraph 3, and Article 28, paragraph 1 of the Safety Production Law. Dongtai City Emergency Management Bureau imposed an administrative penalty of RMB 18,000 on the company according to the provisions of Item 3 of Article 97 of the Safety Production Law. According to the first paragraph of Article 94 of the Safety Production Law, Wang, the main person in charge of the company, was given an administrative penalty of RMB 24,500.

　　Case 8: A case in which a special operator of a building materials company in Yangqu County, Shanxi Province holds a false certificate to work.

　　On May 13th, 2022, when the Emergency Management Bureau of Yangqu County inspected a building materials company, it was found that the special operation certificates held by welder Zhang Moumou and low-voltage electrician Liu Moumou were purchased false certificates, which violated the provisions of the first paragraph of Article 30 of the Safety Production Law. Yangqu County Emergency Management Bureau ordered the company to make corrections within a time limit and imposed a fine of RMB30,000 according to Item 7 of Article 97 of the Safety Production Law. Zhang Moumou and Liu were given a warning and fined RMB 1000 yuan in accordance with the first paragraph of Article 41 of the Management Regulations on Safety Technical Training and Assessment for Special Operators. The Yangqu County Emergency Management Bureau transferred the clues about the case to the Yangqu County Public Security Bureau.

　　Case 9: The case of a special operation operator of a mining machinery manufacturing company in Yinchuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region working without a license.

　　On June 6, 2022, Yinchuan Emergency Management Bureau of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region conducted a surprise inspection on the clamp welding workshop of a mining machinery manufacturing company according to the clues reported by the masses. It was verified on the spot that three welders who were working did not go to work after receiving special safety operation training and obtaining a special operation certificate. This behavior violates the provisions of the first paragraph of Article 30 of the Safety Production Law. Yinchuan City Emergency Management Bureau ordered the company to make corrections within a time limit and imposed a fine of 90,000 yuan according to Item 7 of Article 97 of the Safety Production Law.

　　Case 10: Administrative penalty case of a natural gas company in Guang ‘an City, Sichuan Province.

　　On April 19, 2022, when the emergency management bureau of Guang ‘an City, Sichuan Province carried out law enforcement inspection on a natural gas company, it found that the company had the following illegal acts: 1. Failing to record the education and training of safety production truthfully; 2. The company’s education and training plan was not implemented. In 2022, the company’s annual training schedule stipulated that training on road transport laws and regulations, typical cases, storage and loading and unloading of hazardous chemicals should be carried out in February, but no corresponding training was actually carried out; 3. Some new employees did not pass the training examination before taking up their posts. Spot checks found that some new employees did not reach the qualified score in the training examination and did not re-conduct education, training and examination, so they entered the production post. The company’s behavior violates the provisions of the first and fourth paragraphs of Article 28 of the Safety Production Law. Guang ‘an City Emergency Management Bureau ordered the company to make corrections within a time limit and imposed a fine of 80,000 yuan according to the provisions of Item 3 and Item 4 of Article 97 of the Law on Work Safety.

　　Yangcheng Evening News reporter Yu Yanhong Lin Qingqing correspondent Guangdong CDC

　　"Have you been vaccinated?" Recently, with the increase in the number of people vaccinated in COVID-19, this sentence has become a topic for many citizens after dinner. At the same time, with the increasing willingness of citizens to vaccinate, many citizens will ask: What is the difference between inactivated vaccine and attenuated vaccine? Inactivated vaccine needs two shots. Can I inoculate COVID-19 vaccine produced by different manufacturers before and after? The provincial and municipal centers for disease control and prevention have given authoritative answers to the vaccination problems in COVID-19 that citizens are concerned about.

　　About vaccines:

　　Q: What kinds of vaccines are there in COVID-19 at present? Which is the best?

　　At present, there are hundreds of research and development units of COVID-19 vaccine in the world, and there are eight kinds of COVID-19 vaccine under development: inactivated vaccine, attenuated live vaccine, replicated vector vaccine, non-replicated vector vaccine, DNA vaccine, RNA vaccine, protein subunit vaccine and virus-like particle vaccine. In China, it mainly focuses on five technical routes: inactivated vaccine, adenovirus vector vaccine, recombinant protein vaccine, nucleic acid vaccine (including RNA vaccine and DNA vaccine) and attenuated influenza virus vector vaccine.

　　We can’t simply say which technical route is better, but we must comprehensively consider its safety, effectiveness, accessibility and affordability. This is the scientific evaluation of a vaccine.

　　Considering the current epidemic prevention needs, as long as it is for the purpose of disease prevention, any process of vaccine is acceptable for non-contraindication people.

　　Q: At present, the epidemic situation in China is generally stable. Is it necessary to vaccinate COVID-19?

　　Vaccine is one of the most effective and economical means to prevent infectious diseases. Although the current domestic epidemic situation is generally stable, we are still facing the pressure of local rebound caused by the import of overseas epidemic situation. Therefore, vaccination with COVID-19 vaccine can make you immune to Covid-19, and the beneficiaries are the first.

　　Secondly, when the vaccination rate of our population reaches a high level, that is to say, most people are immune to Covid-19, an immune barrier against Covid-19 will be established, which can effectively prevent the spread of the virus in the population, thus ending the epidemic. Therefore, it is recommended that people who meet the vaccination conditions benefit from early fight!

　　Q: What is not suitable for COVID-19 vaccination?

　　Covid-19 vaccine cannot be vaccinated in any of the following circumstances: those who are allergic to the vaccine or vaccine ingredients; Suffering from acute diseases; In the acute episode of chronic diseases; Those who are suffering from fever; Pregnant women; Suffering from diseases that cannot be vaccinated by doctors, etc., the specific instructions of the vaccine shall prevail.

　　Q: How many shots does COVID-19 vaccine need? How long is the interval? Can I replant if I miss the inoculation time of the second dose?

　　At present, Covid-19 inactivated vaccine used in Guangdong needs to be inoculated twice in the whole process, and it is recommended that the interval between two doses should not be less than 28 days. The recipients who need to complete the whole vaccination as soon as possible due to going abroad or working in high-risk areas should follow the principle of informed consent, and can be vaccinated with 2 doses of inactivated vaccine in Covid-19 at the shortest time interval not less than that specified in the vaccine instructions.

　　At present, there is a lack of clinical research data on different immunization procedures of inactivated vaccine in Covid-19, so it is not yet possible to determine the maximum interval between two doses of vaccine. However, referring to the vaccination experience of other vaccines, if patients have not completed the whole vaccination, they should start vaccination as soon as possible or make up the corresponding dose.

　　Q: Can two different COVID-19 vaccines be exchanged?

　　At present, there is no evidence that different manufacturers or different kinds of Covid-19 vaccines can replace vaccination. It is suggested that the same vaccine from the same manufacturer should be used to complete the vaccination at this stage.

　　Q: Can COVID-19 vaccine be inoculated with other vaccines such as HPV vaccine, influenza vaccine and rabies vaccine?

　　As a new member of the vaccine family, COVID-19 vaccine is recommended to be vaccinated separately from other vaccines and at least two weeks apart from other vaccines, so as to minimize unexpected interaction, and at the same time, it is necessary to closely observe the reaction after vaccination. If people exposed to rabies need rabies vaccine, rabies vaccine should be given priority.

　　Vaccine effect:

　　Q: What is the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine?

　　First of all, only vaccines with up-to-standard safety and effectiveness can be approved by the state drug regulatory authorities for listing; Secondly, before entering the market, each batch of vaccines needs to obtain a batch issuance certificate from the national drug regulatory authorities; The process of batch issuance is another test of the safety and effectiveness of this batch of vaccines; Finally, at present, China has vaccinated more than 80 million doses of COVID-19 vaccine, and the continuous monitoring results have proved that the vaccine is safe and effective.

　　Q: Do I still need to wear a mask after COVID-19 vaccination?

　　Before the population immune barrier is established, even if some people are vaccinated, everyone’s awareness of prevention and control and prevention measures cannot be relaxed. On the one hand, the success rate of vaccine immunization is not 100%, and a small number of vaccinated people may get sick during the epidemic period. On the other hand, in the absence of an immune barrier, Covid-19 is still easy to spread. Therefore, to prevent Covid-19 infection, we can’t put all our money on vaccines. We still need to keep in mind the three-piece set of epidemic prevention: wearing a mask, social distance and personal hygiene.

　　Q: Do I need to do nucleic acid testing after COVID-19 vaccination?

　　Vaccination can reduce the risk of infection to a certain extent, but the protective effect of any vaccine can not reach 100%. If necessary, we should still cooperate with relevant departments to carry out nucleic acid testing.

　　Q: What should I do if the serum antibody is positive at the entry-exit inspection after vaccination with COVID-19 vaccine?

　　If the subject has been vaccinated with Covid-19 vaccine two weeks ago, it may lead to antibody IgG and IgM positive. If the test result of serum antibody is positive, and other test results such as Covid-19 nucleic acid test are negative, COVID-19 vaccination certificate can be produced for the relevant institutions to identify and judge.

　　Q: Will virus mutation have an impact on vaccine protection?

　　The proliferation of viruses depends on living cells, and in this process, mutation is a normal phenomenon. From the current global research on Covid-19 mutation, there is no evidence that Covid-19 mutation will invalidate the existing COVID-19 vaccine. On January 2nd, 2021, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention found the mutant strain B.1.1.7 in a throat swab sample of a confirmed case imported from Britain to COVID-19, which has stronger transmission power, but the patient’s symptoms, severity rate and fatality rate have remained basically unchanged, and the vaccine currently developed is still effective. Many institutions, such as the World Health Organization, are paying close attention to and studying the variation in Covid-19, providing early warning and scientific analysis basis for the follow-up vaccine development and application.　　

　　adverse effect　　

　　Q: What adverse reactions may occur after vaccination?

　　At present, the inactivated Covid-19 vaccine being used in China has good safety. Common general reactions such as acid swelling, redness, pain and itching at the inoculation site; A very small number of people may have fever, fatigue, nausea, headache, muscle aches, etc. due to individual differences, and generally do not need to be treated, and most of them can recover on their own after 2-3 days.

　　Vaccines may induce allergic reactions in individuals, which is one of the characteristics of the vaccine itself, and does not mean that there are problems with the quality and safety of the vaccine itself.

　　Anaphylactic shock caused by vaccination (usually within 30 minutes after vaccination), or urticaria, allergic purpura, high fever, shock and other serious health conditions after the recipient leaves the vaccination site, you need to see a doctor immediately, and inform the doctor of the vaccination history and report to the vaccination unit at the same time.

"Plague Company" is a simulation game that simulates the spread of diseases. Among them, the most difficult natural disaster is very difficult for human beings, so it is very difficult. As for the solution, let’s take a look at the fungal gameplay strategy of natural disasters, hoping to help everyone.

Fungi are difficult to spread in the game, especially in air and water, and because of the special ability of fungi, Shendao can go up quickly, so water transmission is not considered in this strategy, and air transmission and bird transmission are mainly used. Not much to say, the selection of gene fragments for starting the game is as follows

The selection of genes for rapid metabolism and stagnation cost is mainly due to the special ability of fungi, which can quickly accumulate a large amount of DNA； during the first and second outbreaks; Repression and extreme microorganisms are for the spread of fungi; Simulating genetic genes can slow down the development of antidotes.

Difficulty selection natural disaster

Still Arabia.

Two spores broke out at the beginning.

These two outbreaks can accelerate the spread, preferably in South America and North America, which can alleviate the difficulty of later transmission, and then start to take the disease, first take the skin line to the skin damage.

Click here and point out Bird 1 and Empty 1 in turn.

When Asia spreads a part,

Point out gangrene and drug resistance 1, then save enough points to prepare for the first outbreak.

When DNA is enough, cold resistance 1 and heat resistance 1 are selected for the first explosion.

Point out that brain death and drug resistance 2 accelerate the spread

When most of the world spreads (optimistic about national data, when the number of uninfected countries is small)

Point out cold resistance 2, heat resistance 2, and strengthen the environment for the second explosion.

At this time, all countries in the world have been infected, and the symptoms point to total organ failure (I have a slow transmission speed in Canada, so I point out mouse transmission)

At this point, the antidote should start to explode. Use the DNA brought by high lethality to point out the symptoms of nerve lines, and use nerve lines to suppress the antidote, while continuing to increase lethality.

The remaining points can continue to press the antidote, so the game will end easily.

This strategy is very suitable for both the mobile phone version and the computer version, which is more suitable for budding new players and has a high score.

March is in the early spring, the weather is changeable, sometimes cold and sometimes warm, and the temperature difference between day and night is large. All kinds of respiratory infectious diseases are still in the high-risk season. After the Spring Festival, all kinds of schools have started school one after another, with frequent personnel flow and contact, and at the same time, the temperature has risen, the number of people going out for an outing and traveling has gradually increased, and the chances of infection of various infectious diseases have increased. Xi ‘an CDC reminds the general public to take precautions against Covid-19 infection, influenza and other respiratory infectious diseases and norovirus-infected diarrhea, and to do personal protection when going out for an outing and traveling, so as to travel safely and healthily.

Prevention of novel coronavirus infection

At present, COVID-19 infection in Xi ‘an is still at a low epidemic level. As a popular tourist city, Xi ‘an has a large number of foreign tourists, and the gathering of people provides favorable conditions for the spread of the virus. The general public should be the first person responsible for their own health, maintain good personal hygiene habits and prepare necessary protective equipment.

Health tips

1. Do a good job of personal protection. Wear a mask scientifically, keep a social distance, and wash your hands frequently, often ventilate and gather less. Open windows regularly at home and workplace for ventilation, and do a good job in daily hygiene of the room. When taking public transportation such as airplanes, high-speed trains, trains and air-conditioned buses, you should wear masks and keep your hands clean.

2. Daily health monitoring. Pay close attention to your family and your own health every day. When you have symptoms of Covid-19 infection, such as fever, cough, fatigue, sore throat and decreased sense of smell and taste, try to reduce your outdoor activities as much as possible, avoid going to school or work with illness, and go to a fever clinic in a nearby hospital as appropriate.

3. Actively vaccinate. XBB mutant in Covid-19 is currently the main epidemic strain in China. It is suggested that the elderly aged 60 and above or the key population aged 18-59 with serious basic diseases, people with low immune function and people with high risk of infection should be vaccinated with Covid-19 vaccine according to conditions, and COVID-19 vaccine containing antigen components of XBB mutant should be given priority.

4. Enhance your own immunity. Improving one’s own immunity is an important means to prevent various diseases. Please keep regular work and rest, exercise properly, eat properly, maintain a good attitude and adhere to a healthy and civilized lifestyle.

Prevent influenza

Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus, which has the characteristics of short incubation period, strong infectivity and rapid spread. It is mainly spread through droplets in the air, and may also spread through close contact between people. Clinically, it is mainly manifested as high fever, headache, limb pain, fatigue and upper respiratory symptoms accompanied by runny nose and cough. People are generally susceptible and have certain immunity after illness. March is still in the flu season, so the general public should pay attention to protection and avoid infection.

Health tips

1. Develop good personal hygiene habits. When coughing or sneezing, cover your mouth and nose with paper towels and towels. Wash your hands before and after meals and after touching dirty things, and try to avoid dirty hands touching your mouth, eyes and nose.

2. Open the window regularly and ventilate several times every day to keep the indoor air fresh. During the peak epidemic period, people should avoid going to crowded places. If there are related symptoms, they should seek medical advice in time, stay at home as much as possible, and go to work without illness to reduce the spread of the disease.

3. Vaccination against influenza is one of the most economical and effective prevention and control measures to prevent influenza and reduce the burden of influenza disease. Anyone over 6 months old who is willing to vaccinate and has no contraindications can voluntarily vaccinate against influenza at his own expense.

Prevention of other respiratory infectious diseases in spring

Respiratory infectious diseases are infectious diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, mycoplasma and other pathogens, which are mainly transmitted through the respiratory tract. The weather in spring is changeable, the temperature difference between morning and evening is large, and the immunity of human body is relatively low, which is particularly vulnerable to the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms and causes respiratory diseases. Besides COVID-19 and influenza, common respiratory infectious diseases in spring include mumps, chickenpox, measles, rubella and scarlet fever. Different respiratory infectious diseases have different clinical manifestations, mainly including fever, sore throat, headache, cough, expectoration, rash and fatigue. Collective units such as kindergartens, schools and nursing homes are at greater risk of cluster cases, which need to be paid attention to.

Health tips

Although the clinical manifestations are different, the modes of transmission of respiratory infectious diseases are mainly through air and contact, so the methods to prevent various respiratory infectious diseases are also common, including the following measures:

1. Maintain good personal and environmental hygiene, wash your hands frequently and pay attention to indoor ventilation and cleanliness. Drink more boiled water, strengthen outdoor physical exercise and improve your immunity.

2. During the peak epidemic period, people should avoid going to crowded places, and wear masks in public places such as hospitals, subways, buses and shopping malls to avoid excessive fatigue and catching cold. When coughing or sneezing, you should cover your mouth and nose with handkerchiefs and paper towels to avoid the spread of droplets. If you have related symptoms, you should seek medical attention in time, reduce contact with others and try to rest at home.

3. Schools and kindergartens should focus on preventing respiratory cluster cases or outbreaks, and strictly implement prevention and control measures such as morning and afternoon check-up, missing classes due to illness, ventilation and disinfection, etc. Once a cluster epidemic occurs, it should be reported to the health and education departments in a timely manner.

4. Vaccination is a very effective protective means to prevent all kinds of respiratory infectious diseases. For infectious diseases with vaccine prevention, such as measles, chickenpox and mumps, children, the elderly and other susceptible groups should be vaccinated in time and in the whole process according to the relevant vaccination requirements.

Prevention of Norovirus Infectious Diarrhea

Norovirus is a common pathogen that causes cluster diarrhea/acute gastroenteritis in schools and kindergartens. The main symptoms are vomiting in children and diarrhea in adults. Norovirus spreads in various ways, mainly through ingestion of food or water contaminated by feces or vomit, contact with patients’ feces or vomit, inhalation of aerosol generated during vomiting, and indirect contact with articles and environment contaminated by feces or vomit. At the beginning of the school season, norovirus infection has entered a period of high incidence, so schools and kindergartens should focus on it and take protective measures.

Health tips

1. Maintaining good hand hygiene is the most important and effective measure to prevent norovirus infection and control the spread of norovirus. Wash your hands carefully with soap and running water for at least 30 seconds before and after meals. It should be noted that sterilized paper towels and washless hand sanitizers cannot replace hand washing.

2. Pay attention to the hygiene of drinking water and maintain good eating habits. Wash fruits and vegetables carefully, cook food correctly, and avoid eating cold and unclean food, especially those with high risk of norovirus infection such as shellfish and seafood, which should be thoroughly cooked. Do not drink raw water, drinking utensils should be disinfected regularly to ensure drinking water hygiene.

3. Patients with norovirus gastroenteritis should be isolated at home until 2 days after the symptoms completely disappear, so as to avoid infecting others. If family members are infected with norovirus, patients should use their own utensils and daily necessities, try not to have close contact with their families, and pay special attention not to make food or take care of the elderly and infants.

4. In case of Norovirus clustering epidemic, emergency response should be done well, focusing on standardized disposal of patients’ feces and vomit, and strict disinfection should be carried out on the surfaces of environmental objects, daily necessities, food processing tools and drinking water contaminated by patients’ vomit, feces and other pollutants.

5. Nursery institutions, schools and other collective units should strengthen the safety management of food and drinking water, and those who suffer from gastrointestinal discomfort such as diarrhea and vomiting in food practitioners should temporarily leave their posts. Do a good job in class morning and afternoon check-up and registration of absence due to illness. Once children and students are found to have symptoms such as vomiting and diarrhea, they should be sent to the hospital for treatment and report to the local health and education departments in time.

Pay attention to safety when traveling in spring

In March, the temperature rose, spring blossomed, everything recovered, and it was the right time to travel. The general public should pay attention to personal protection when going out to play, to prevent allergic rhinitis, asthma and food poisoning caused by pollen allergy, and to prevent accidental injuries.

Health tips

1. Before going out, you should know the weather and road information in advance, change clothes in time according to climate change, avoid going out in bad weather, improve personal safety awareness, pay attention to traffic safety and prevent accidental injuries.

2. Don’t pick, buy, process and eat wild vegetables, wild fruits and fungi that are unfamiliar or of unknown origin when going out for an outing.

3. Pay attention to food safety, do not eat incompletely cooked food, and do not drink unclean raw water. When eating out, you must pay attention to choosing a regular restaurant or restaurant with good sanitary conditions.

4. People with allergic history should go to places with lush flowers and trees as little as possible, and don’t touch wild flowers and plants casually. When going out for an outing, it is best to bring anti-allergic drugs, wear hats, masks and long-sleeved clothes, try to avoid direct contact with pollen, and seek medical advice in time if you feel unwell.

Spring is the season of high incidence of respiratory infectious diseases.

It’s the turn of winter and spring.

Repeated climate change

In addition, there are more population movements.

In places where people are relatively concentrated

It is easy to cause the spread of respiratory infectious diseases

Remind family and friends to take precautions.

Keep sliding to see the next one.

Prevention of virus infection and influenza … The latest tips for Xi ‘an disease control Shaanxi Net Touch to read the original.

Shaanxi Net Zan Sharing is reading and writing a message, sliding up to see the next one.

Original title: "Prevention of virus infection and influenza … The latest tips for disease control in Xi ‘an"

Read the original text

Moderator: Hello, everyone. Welcome to the People’s Daily Health Video Program. I’m Wen Yan, the host.

In recent years, with the social development, environmental changes and changes in people’s lifestyles, the incidence of digestive tract diseases is increasing. It is reported that among all tumor diseases, digestive tract tumors cover the widest range, including gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer and pancreatic cancer. Tumors of digestive tract system account for about 40% of the total tumor incidence, and patients who die of digestive tract cancer account for nearly half of all tumor patients every year. Digestive tract tumor has a high incidence rate, high mortality rate and the trend of rejuvenation, which has become a disease that affects and threatens the health of citizens. Today, we invited Chu Wen, director of the Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Hongyitang Hospital, to talk with us about related topics.

Moderator: Hello, Director Chu!

Early literature:Good host, good friends!

Moderator: Excuse me, Director Chu, why are there so many people suffering from digestive tract tumors? What is the reason for the trend of rejuvenation in recent years?

Early literature:Clinically, we call digestive system cancers such as colorectal cancer, gastric cancer and esophageal cancer "eating" cancer. Why is it called "eating" cancer? Mainly because the occurrence of these tumors is closely related to diet and living habits. In addition to family genetic history, eating smoked, pickled and fried foods, and high-salt diet are all important factors that cause cancer.

Especially now, patients with digestive tract tumors are younger, because most young people like to stay up late for a long time, drink too much, and eat irregularly. These bad living habits may lead to gastrointestinal diseases, which may seriously lead to tumors; Not only that, the pressure of work, family and society may do harm to young people’s health, but it is not easy to be detected.

Moderator: Why do many patients find out that they are in the middle and late stages?

Early literature:Most digestive tract cancers, such as patients with gastric cancer and intestinal cancer, have no obvious feelings in the early stage and are easily overlooked. As long as the discomfort can be tolerated, they don’t care too much. The clinical symptoms of early gastric cancer are no different from those of benign diseases such as gastritis and gastric ulcer. In addition, once the stomach is uncomfortable, many people often carry it hard or buy medicine themselves to relieve the discomfort symptoms, which often delays the illness and treatment. Therefore, in order to find it as early as possible, on the one hand, we should pay attention to the abnormal signals sent by the body, on the other hand, we should go to the hospital for gastrointestinal endoscopy in time.

Moderator: Then how should we change the status quo and improve the cure rate and survival rate of digestive tract tumors?

Early literature:The main thing is to do "early screening and early investigation". Whether it is gastric cancer or colorectal cancer, the process of its occurrence and development is a multi-stage slow process, which usually takes 10-15 years. For example, gastric cancer, from common gastropathy to gastric cancer, will go through four stages: from chronic superficial gastritis to chronic atrophic gastritis, to intestinal metaplasia, heterosexual hyperplasia, and finally to gastric cancer.

However, most digestive tract cancers can be found, diagnosed and treated in the early stage and precancerous stage, from normal to precancerous stage, from early stage to middle and late stage. It should be said that our treatment window is also very clear. If the digestive tract tumor reaches the middle and late stage, the median survival time is about 18 months, even if immunotherapy and chemotherapy are combined. It can be seen that early detection and treatment are very important for digestive tract tumors.

Moderator: What are the general screening methods for digestive system tumors?

Early literature:For screening methods of digestive system tumors, a large number of practices have proved that gastrointestinal endoscopy is an effective means for early screening of digestive system tumors. If it can be found early, it can get good therapeutic effect. The five-year survival rate of early gastric cancer can reach 95%, and the five-year survival rate of early colorectal cancer can reach more than 90%. Even the pancreatic cancer, the king of cancer, can reach 86% if it can be found early. Therefore, it is suggested that people over 40 years old should have regular gastroscopy and people over 45 years old should have regular colonoscopy. Early examination and early treatment will lead to better prognosis.

Moderator: Many people around us will have some problems of indigestion and stomach discomfort, so which stomach diseases are easy to develop into gastric cancer?

Early literature:At present, the common precancerous lesions mainly include gastric ulcer, chronic atrophic gastritis, gastric polyp and other diseases. If we find that these diseases are not actively treated and we don’t pay attention to our diet, it is possible to induce gastric cancer. If it exists for more than three to five years, the probability of developing gastric cancer is very high. In addition, Helicobacter pylori infection is a clear risk factor for gastric cancer.

Moderator: Actually, many people still don’t know much about Helicobacter pylori, so what is Helicobacter pylori?

Early literature:Helicobacter pylori (HP) is a spiral, slightly anaerobic bacterium with strict requirements on growth conditions. It was successfully isolated from the biopsy tissue of gastric mucosa of patients with chronic active gastritis for the first time in 1983, and it is the only microorganism species that can survive in human stomach at present. Helicobacter pylori is considered as a class I carcinogen, which can cause a variety of stomach diseases, including gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, gastric cancer and so on. Therefore, timely detection and eradication of Helicobacter pylori has become an important measure for the treatment of digestive tract diseases.

Moderator: So how is Helicobacter pylori infected?

Early literature:Helicobacter pylori is highly contagious, mainly through oral transmission and fecal transmission. It is related to bad diet and hygiene habits, such as eating unclean food or drinking unclean water; Long-term close contact with infected people, contact with saliva, body fluids, vomit or feces of infected people, eating without washing hands, direct mouth-to-mouth feeding, etc. If one person in the family is infected, it will easily cause infection in the whole family. Prevention of helicobacter pylori infection is as important as prevention of digestive tract infectious diseases.

Moderator: How do you judge that you are infected with Helicobacter pylori? Is there any self-examination method that can be used for reference?

Early literature:If you find yourself with belching, halitosis and epigastric discomfort, you can go to the hospital for Helicobacter pylori testing. At present, there are two main detection methods: one is to draw blood to check the serum antibody of Helicobacter pylori, and the other is to check C13 or C14 breath test. For those individuals who have a family history of gastric cancer and have been proved to have gastric mucosal atrophy and/or intestinal metaplasia after endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer, it is suggested that they must be detected and treated, and C13 or C14 breath test can be checked regularly every year.

Moderator: For gastrointestinal diseases, what kind of symptoms need to be vigilant?

Early literature:There are many manifestations of gastrointestinal diseases. The main manifestations of upper gastrointestinal tract are epigastric discomfort, pain, abdominal distension, hiccups, nausea, vomiting, etc. The main manifestations of lower gastrointestinal discomfort are abdominal pain, poor defecation, constipation, diarrhea and increased exhaust. If these alarm symptoms and signs such as unexplained emaciation, anemia, hematemesis, melena, dysphagia and abdominal mass appear, you should go to the hospital for examination in time to find out the cause.

Moderator: OK, thank you very much for sharing, and thank you for your attention. Bye!

Early literature:Goodbye!

　　Yesterday, the State Council Information Office held a press conference. Huang Libin, spokesperson of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and director of the Operation Monitoring Coordination Bureau, and Wen Ku, spokesperson and director of the Information and Communication Development Department, introduced the development of the industrial communication industry in the first quarter of 2019. In the first quarter, the production and sales of new energy vehicles in China were 304,000 and 299,000 respectively, with the growth rate of production and sales reaching 102.7% and 109.7% respectively.

　　Huang Libin revealed at the press conference of the State Council Office that it will speed up the construction of charging facilities for new energy vehicles, optimize the layout of public charging piles, and give more preferential measures for the use of new energy vehicles based on the study of special number plates. "According to the statistics of industry associations, the production and sales of new energy vehicles in China were 304,000 and 299,000 respectively in the first quarter, and the growth rate of production and sales reached 102.7% and 109.7% respectively." Huang Libin predicts that the output of new energy vehicles may exceed 1.5 million this year.

　　In addition, Huang Libin introduced that by the end of March this year, government departments at all levels and large state-owned enterprises had paid off more than 260 billion yuan in accounts owed to private enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises. Among them, the central enterprises completed 72% of the progress, local governments and large state-owned enterprises completed 32% of the progress, and one-third of the provinces made more than half of the progress.

　　Text/reporter Dong Xin