General Secretary of the Supreme Leader clearly pointed out in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China: "Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and the main contradiction in our society has been transformed into the contradiction between the people’s growing need for a better life and the unbalanced development." As time goes on, we will become more and more aware of the significance of this assertion.
The principal social contradiction is a very important theoretical and practical problem. In order to deeply understand the theory of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought, the supreme leader in the new era, about the main contradictions in our society in the new era, it is necessary for us to make some necessary investigations from four aspects: realistic basis, theoretical connotation, historical retrospection and practical grasp.
First, the realistic basis for the new expression of the main contradictions in our society in the new era
The expression of the main social contradictions in China in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China conforms to the current reality of our country, keeps pace with the times for Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and is a major theoretical innovation for the China, modernization and popularization of Marxism.
First of all, from "people’s growing material and cultural needs" to "people’s growing needs for a better life". On the one hand, after years of hard struggle, China has steadily solved the problem of food and clothing for more than one billion people, achieved a well-off society in general, and will soon build a well-off society in an all-round way. The people need higher quality and wider scope for a better life. Not only higher requirements are put forward for material and cultural life, but also diversified and higher-level requirements have emerged in democracy, rule of law, fairness, justice, security and environment. The expression of "material and cultural life needs" is not enough to cover the rich and diverse needs of the people in all aspects. On the other hand, as pointed out in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the economic difficulties and challenges we are facing are mainly "there are still many shortcomings in the field of people’s livelihood, the task of tackling poverty is arduous, and the gap between urban and rural regional development and income distribution is still large". Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and people’s demands for sharing the fruits of reform and development have become increasingly prominent and intense. If we don’t face up to this problem, social contradictions will accumulate more and more and become more complicated. With the strengthening of economic strength, the time to solve this major contradiction is becoming more and more mature. One more thing, in real life, some people’s needs can’t be met, which is by no means just a matter of lack of material wealth or productivity.However, it is often a problem of production relations or even superstructure, which belongs to the unbalanced and insufficient development of the "five-in-one construction" of economy, politics, culture, society and ecology and all aspects of party building. For example, the broad masses of the people are dissatisfied with the serious corruption in the party and society, worried about the excessive income distribution, eager for green mountains, green waters, blue sky and white clouds, and concerned about the vital interests of housing, education, medical care and old-age care. The new expression "people’s growing needs for a better life" accurately expresses that people have made great achievements since the reform and opening up, and they are full of good hopes for future life in various fields such as economy, politics, culture, society, ecology and party building.
Secondly, the transformation from "backward social production" to "unbalanced and insufficient development". Social production refers to productivity and relations of production. And development involves all aspects of the "five-in-one construction" of economy, politics, culture, society and ecology and party building. After 40 years of reform and opening up, China’s social production, especially productivity, has basically got rid of backwardness. China’s social production level, including total output and speed, has made historic development and leap, and its social production capacity has entered the forefront of the world in some aspects, and is moving towards the level of moderately developed countries in the world. In terms of production relations, with the deepening of the international financial crisis, the international community is increasingly aware of the charm of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s roads, systems and values. Therefore, it is not consistent with the reality to call China’s current social production "backward social production", and the outstanding problems have been transformed into unbalanced and insufficient development. The imbalance of development is mainly reflected in the economic field. From a macro perspective, it is mainly reflected in the gap between regional wealth possession and income distribution in social production relations; From the microscopic point of view, it is mainly reflected in the gap in wealth possession and income distribution between people. However, the insufficient development is mainly reflected in the insufficient development of democracy, rule of law, fairness, justice, security and environment, and in the insufficient and uncoordinated relationship between them.This imbalance in development is not sufficient, which has become the main constraint to meet the people’s growing needs for a better life.
That is to say, the main contradiction in our society has been transformed into "the contradiction between the people’s growing need for a better life and the unbalanced development", which shows that in the new era, we should not only focus on deepening the structural reform of the supply side, continuously improve the development level of China’s social productive forces, but also deepen the reform of institutional mechanisms to ensure social fairness and justice. No matter from theory to practice, this will have a great impact on our future great struggle, construction of great projects, promotion of great undertakings and realization of great dreams.
Under the guidance of China’s principal contradiction theory in the new era, we should mainly carry out supply-side structural reform in the economic field, not only strive to develop the economy, but also improve the industrial structure and product structure at the same time, improve the scientific and technological content, cost performance and quality of products, and increase the variety of colors to meet the diversified needs of the people. In the social field, it should mainly solve the problem of insufficient imbalance in sharing the material and spiritual achievements of reform and opening up in the development process. It should be pointed out that the supply-side structural reform mainly refers to the problems in the economic field, while the main social contradiction in China in the new era has been transformed into the contradiction between the people’s growing needs for a better life and the unbalanced development, which mainly refers to the social field. For this reason, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put special emphasis on sharing, especially on efforts to do a good job in poverty alleviation.
Second, the theoretical connotation of social principal contradiction and social basic contradiction
Only by theoretically understanding the respective connotations of social principal contradiction and social basic contradiction, as well as their relations and differences, can we really understand the great judgment of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era on the principal contradiction in China today. This requires a clear understanding of the following basic theoretical issues:
1. Basic social contradictions. Marxism holds that the basic social contradiction is the contradiction between production relations and productivity, superstructure and economic base, which is an inevitable basic contradiction in any social form. A certain production relationship should adapt to a certain productivity, and a certain superstructure should adapt to the development of a certain economic base. However, any adaptation or balance is relative. Any contradiction and imbalance between social productive forces and production relations, production relations and superstructure are absolute. For this reason, the contradiction between production relations and productivity, superstructure and economic base is the basic contradiction that must exist in any social form, including the existing primitive society, slave society, feudal society, capitalist society, socialism and future communist society. However, in the original primitive society, the current socialist society and the communist society, the basic contradiction between productive forces and relations of production, and between economic base and superstructure will not have the nature of class conflict, but will be manifested as the contradiction between advanced and backward, right and wrong. The principle of contradictory movement between productive forces and production relations, economic base and superstructure is the foundation and core of historical materialism. The extension of this basic contradiction is the contradiction between man and nature, and the contradiction between man and nature is also the basic contradiction that will exist forever in any society.
2. Major social contradictions. The principal social contradiction is the contradiction in which the basic social contradiction dominates, regulates or influences other contradictions in a certain society. Other contradictions are non-principal contradictions. Fundamentally speaking, the main contradictions in a certain society often have different manifestations in different social forms and different historical stages of the same social form. Communist party people should adjust their understanding from the changing relationship between people according to the changing situation, and put forward and correctly handle the main contradictions in different periods of society. Only in this way can we mobilize the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the overwhelming majority of the people to the maximum extent, and can we implement the development idea of "people-centered".
3. Basic social contradictions and major social contradictions. The basic contradiction between social production and human needs is embodied in the basic contradiction between productive forces and production relations, economic base and superstructure, and also in the two contradictions between man and nature and between people. Among the basic social contradictions, productivity and economic base are generally the main aspects that play a decisive role, but the relations of production, superstructure and ideology react to productivity, economic base and social practice, and can also become the main aspects of contradictions under certain conditions. These basic contradictions are intertwined and interact with each other, thus promoting the continuous development of human society. That is to say, the contradiction between social production and human needs, that is, the contradiction between productive forces and production relations, the contradiction between economic base and superstructure, that is, the contradiction between man and nature, is the basic contradiction of any social form, not the main contradiction of a specific social form and its different historical stages. The study of the principal contradiction of society should be linked with the basic contradiction of society, but the principal contradiction of society and the basic contradiction of society are essentially different, and they often have different manifestations in different historical stages of the same social form. For example, in the stage of China’s new-democratic revolution, there are differences between the Agrarian Revolution, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation. During the agrarian revolution, the main contradiction was the contradiction between the masses of the people and imperialism, feudalism and bureaucratic bourgeoisie, and the contradiction between Chiang Kai-shek’s encirclement and suppression of the Red Army and the Red Army’s attempt to break the encirclement and suppression. And "seven"After the "7" Incident broke out, the contradiction between the Chinese nation and the Japanese invaders rose to the main contradiction, and communist party, Chiang Kai-shek clique and feudal enlightened gentry should form the broadest patriotic United front. After the Japanese invaders surrendered, with the Chiang Kai-shek clique’s all-round attack on the liberated areas, the main contradictions faced by communist party changed again. All kinds of contradictions and their situations and relationships in any society are not fixed. In normal times, the basic contradiction and principal contradiction are generally unified by relative stability and relative change; During the period of social revolution and drastic social changes, major social contradictions often undergo major fundamental historical changes. In the social contradiction system, the main contradiction and the secondary contradiction interact and influence each other. The main contradiction determines and affects the existence and development of the secondary contradiction, but the secondary contradiction is not a passive factor, but also affects and restricts the main contradiction, and the two will transform each other under certain historical conditions.
Third, the historical retrospect of the expression of the main social contradictions in China after the founding of New China.
After the founding of New China, the principal contradiction in our society has undergone major changes, and our party’s understanding of the principal contradiction has also experienced repeated twists and turns.
Understanding of the transitional period. The founding of New China in 1949 marked the victory of the new-democratic revolution, and China entered a historical period of transition to socialism. In September 1948, Mao Zedong pointed out at the the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Conference: "Now let’s make it clear that after the completion of the bourgeois democratic revolution, the main contradiction in China is the contradiction between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie, and the external contradiction is the contradiction with imperialism." ("Collected Works of Mao Zedong", Volume 5, People’s Publishing House, 1996, pp. 145— Page 146) On March 5, 1949, Mao Zedong pointed out in his report at the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee: From now on, "the focus of the party’s work has moved from the countryside to the cities"; After "the rule of the Kuomintang has been overthrown, the rule of the people has been established, and the land problem has been fundamentally solved", "the central task of the Party here is to mobilize all forces to restore and develop production, which is the focus of all work". (Selected Works of Mao Zedong, Volume 4, People’s Publishing House, 1991, p. 1427) "After the victory of the China Revolution in the whole country and the settlement of the land problem, there are still two basic contradictions in China. The first is domestic, that is, the contradiction between the working class and the bourgeoisie. The second is foreign, that is, the contradiction between China and imperialist countries. ". (Selected Works of Mao Zedong, Volume 4, People’s Publishing House, 1991, p. 1433) in the context of Mao Zedong at this time, it is used to distinguish the basic contradiction (that is, the main contradiction) of a society from the focus, central task and work focus.
On June 6, 1952, Mao Zedong pointed out in the comment on the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on the Work of Democratic Parties (Draft): "After the overthrow of the landlord class and the bureaucratic bourgeoisie, the main contradiction within China is the contradiction between the working class and the national bourgeoisie, so the national bourgeoisie should no longer be called the middle class." (Collected Works of Mao Zedong, Volume 6, People’s Publishing House, June 1999, p. 231) Based on the understanding of the main social contradictions in the transitional period, the CPC Central Committee formulated the general line for the transitional period in 1952 and successfully guided the whole country to basically complete the socialist transformation in 1956.
Understanding before and after the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. After the establishment of China’s basic socialist system, what are the main social contradictions? This is a major issue related to the determination of the basic line, fundamental tasks and work centers of the whole party and the whole country in the future. At this turning point in history, the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China held in September 1956 answered this question in time.
The Resolution on Political Report of the Eighth National Congress of communist party, China, which was adopted on September 27th, 1956, clearly pointed out: "The main contradiction in our country is already the contradiction between the people’s demand for establishing an advanced industrial country and the backward agricultural country, and the contradiction between the people’s demand for rapid economic and cultural development and the current situation that the economy and culture can’t meet the people’s needs. The essence of this contradiction is the contradiction between the advanced socialist system and the backward social productive forces when China’s socialist system has been established. "
The basic spirit of the Party’s Eighth Congress’s exposition on major social contradictions is to emphasize that class struggle is no longer the major social contradiction, and put forward that the major contradiction is that backward social productive forces cannot meet people’s material and cultural needs, and the main task is to concentrate on developing social productive forces.
The mistake of expanding the anti-rightist struggle in 1957 led to a change in Mao Zedong’s understanding of the main social contradictions. On October 9, 1957, Mao Zedong put forward at the closing meeting of the Third Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee: "The contradiction between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie and the contradiction between the socialist road and the capitalist road is undoubtedly the main contradiction in our society at present." (ibid., pp. 223— Page 224) The document of the second meeting of the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China confirmed Mao Zedong’s judgment: "The experience of the rectification movement and the anti-rightist struggle once again shows that during the whole transitional period, that is, before the establishment of the socialist society, the struggle between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie and the struggle between the socialist road and the capitalist road have always been the main contradictions within our country." This argument deviates from the judgment of the first meeting of the Eighth National Congress on the main contradictions in our society. In October 1962, the Tenth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China revived the class struggle, and further extended the argument that the contradiction between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie in the "whole transitional period" was always the main contradiction of society to the "whole socialist historical stage". Later, a line of "taking class struggle as the key link" was gradually formed, and when it developed to the extreme, it was a global and long-term ‘ Left ’Pour serious mistakes. "
Understanding after the reform and opening up. The first thing to bring order out of chaos at the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party is to stop mentioning the basic line of "taking class struggle as the key link" and decide to shift the focus of the whole party’s work to socialist modernization. In 1979, Deng Xiaoping answered the main contradiction in our society by contacting the central task at the theoretical retreat: "As for what is the main contradiction at present, that is, the main problem or central task that the whole party and the people of the whole country must solve at present, because the Third Plenary Session decided to shift the focus of work to socialist modernization, it has actually been solved. Our productivity development level is very low, which is far from meeting the needs of the people and the country. This is the main contradiction in our current period, and solving this main contradiction is our central task. " (Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping, Volume 2, People’s Publishing House, 2nd edition, 1994, p. 182nd).
The historical resolution adopted by the Sixth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party in 1981, on the basis of reaffirming the line of the Eighth National Congress of the Party and its exposition on the change of contradictions, put forward: "After the socialist transformation is basically completed, the main contradiction to be solved in China is the contradiction between the people’s growing material and cultural needs and backward social production. The focus of the work of the party and the state must shift to socialist modernization centered on economic construction, greatly develop social productive forces, and gradually improve people’s material and cultural life on this basis. " It is worth pointing out that the expression of "backward social productive forces" in the original eight resolutions was changed to "backward social production" in the resolution. Social production includes both productive forces and relations of production. This statement is more accurate and GAI.
The 12th National Congress of the Communist Party of China confirmed the formulation of the resolution, which was included in party constitution’s general program, and the 13th and 14th National Congresses of the Communist Party of China continued to confirm this formulation.
The 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, held in September 1997, gave a more complete and systematic description of the principal contradictions in our society, and made a new summary of the status, function, historical period and scope of the principal contradictions. It is pointed out: "There are various contradictions in China’s economic, political, cultural and social life, and class contradictions will persist in a certain range for a long time due to international and domestic factors, but the main contradiction in society is the contradiction between the people’s growing material and cultural needs and backward social production."
The 16th and 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China basically followed the above formulation about the stage of social development, principal contradictions and central tasks in China.
Based on the basic understanding that "China is in the primary stage of socialism and will be in it for a long time", the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward that "three things have not changed", that is, "the basic national conditions that China is still in the primary stage of socialism and will be in it for a long time have not changed, the contradiction between people’s growing material and cultural needs and backward social production, the main social contradiction, and China’s international status as the largest developing country in the world has not changed". At the Third, Fifth and Sixth Plenary Sessions of the 18th CPC Central Committee, the basic judgment of "three things have not changed" was adhered to.
However, invariance is relative and change is absolute. On December 18th, 1992, Deng Xiaoping clearly pointed out: "When China develops to a certain extent, we must consider the issue of distribution. In other words, we should consider the gap between backward areas and developed areas. There will always be a certain gap between different regions. This gap is too small, nor is it too big. If only a few people are rich, it will fall into capitalism. It is necessary to study the issue of distribution and its significance. " (The Chronicle of Deng Xiaoping (1975— 1997), edited by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China Literature Research Office, pp. 1356— Page 1357) At the end of the 20th century, Deng Xiaoping grasped the outstanding contradictions and problems that we are facing today. Solving this problem is our central task, which is the main social contradiction at present.
?Never appear ‘ The rich are tired of millions, while the poor eat chaff ’ The phenomenon. He stressed: "To deepen reform in an all-round way, we must focus on creating a fairer and more just social environment, constantly overcome various phenomena that violate fairness and justice, and make the fruits of reform and development more fair and benefit all the people. If we can’t bring tangible benefits to the people, if we can’t create a fairer social environment, and even lead to more unfairness, the reform will lose its meaning and it will not last. " "Sharing" is the core essence and foothold of the "new development concept" put forward by the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core.
General Secretary of the Supreme Leader’s expositions on sharing and common prosperity abound. From this series of related expositions, we can see that the new expression of the main social contradictions in our country at the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has emerged.
Fourth, scientifically grasp the main social contradictions in Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.
1. To solve the major social contradictions, we must take Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era as the guide, adhere to the party’s leadership over all work as the most fundamental political principle, and make top-level design and comprehensive solution. The wholeness, relevance and coordination of the strategic deployment of the party and state undertakings in the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China are all unified in the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era. To solve the major social contradictions, we can’t solve the major contradictions, but we must take the supreme leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era as the guide, grasp the overall situation and make overall consideration.
In the economic field, we must adhere to the basic economic system with public ownership as the main body and multiple ownership economies developing together; Actively and steadily solve the gap between wealth possession and income distribution, and constantly move towards common prosperity. Only in this way can we directly and fundamentally reflect the socialist nature of our country and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people economically, and our party, country and nation will have a bright future.
In the political field, we must adhere to the socialist fundamental system that "China is a socialist country under the people’s democratic dictatorship led by the working class and based on the alliance of workers and peasants, and all state power belongs to the people". It also organically combines the basic political systems such as the people’s congress, the multi-party cooperation and political consultation system led by the Communist Party of China (CPC), the regional ethnic autonomy system and the grass-roots mass autonomy system, as well as various specific systems, and insists on closely and organically combining the party’s leadership, the people being the masters of the country and the rule of law, so as to gradually solve the major social contradictions and provide effective institutional guarantee for the development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics.
In the field of culture, we must adhere to the guidance of Marxism, carry forward the socialist core values, carry forward the national spirit with patriotism as the core and the spirit of the times with reform and innovation as the core, build a socialist ideology with strong cohesion and leading power, and continuously enhance the spiritual strength of the whole party and people of all nationalities.
2. We must firmly adhere to the party’s basic line and promote the continuous resolution of major social contradictions. The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly pointed out: "It must be recognized that the changes in the main contradictions in our society have not changed our judgment on the historical stage of socialism in China, the basic national conditions that China is still in the primary stage of socialism for a long time have not changed, and China’s international status as the largest developing country in the world has not changed." This is a very important prerequisite for correctly grasping the main social contradictions in Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. We should be soberly aware that although the main social contradictions in our country have changed, our country is still in the primary stage of socialism and will be in it for a long time, and it is the largest developing country in the world. The main social contradictions in our country have changed, but the primary stage of socialism has shown new stage characteristics in the development process. This basic national condition determines that the party’s basic line is still not outdated, so the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasizes that "the whole party should firmly grasp the basic national condition of the primary stage of socialism, firmly base itself on the greatest reality of the primary stage of socialism, and firmly adhere to the party’s basic line, the lifeline of the party and the country, and the happiness line of the people".
But at the same time, we must also see that Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era and put forward new requirements for all our work. We should correctly handle the relationship between adhering to the "one center" centered on economic construction and the "two basic points" of the four cardinal principles and reform and opening up, and at the same time adhere to the spirit of "self-reliance and hard work" as required by the party’s basic line. Nearly 70 years after the founding of New China, the practice of 40 years of reform and opening up tells us that if we want to stand on our own feet among the nations of the world, we must stand on our own feet and work hard. Self-improvement and self-reliance can provide preconditions for win-win cooperation with all countries in the world. Some people just take economic construction as the center, and even focus on attracting investment, and fundamentally forget the spirit of self-reliance and hard work. Some people think that reform and opening up is everything, and there is no purpose. They even think that the Four Cardinal Principles are the fetters of reform and opening up in an attempt to deny the party’s leadership and China’s socialist system. Others deny the correct direction of reform and opening up, and even take the old road of being closed and rigid. All these will not only help to solve the main social contradictions, but also lead to the emergence of new, bigger and more social contradictions.
Everything is for the people and everything depends on the people, which is the starting point and destination of the party’s basic line. In the process of promoting the settlement of major social contradictions, we must firmly grasp the starting point and end result of adhering to the people-centered principle at any time and under any circumstances.
3. Be alert to the problem of abnormal mutual transformation between major social contradictions and non-major social contradictions, and prevent non-major social contradictions from affecting the solution of major social contradictions. Mao Zedong pointed out in "On Contradiction": "The study of various unbalanced situations of contradictions, major and non-major contradictions, major and non-major contradictions has become one of the important ways for revolutionary parties to correctly determine their political and military strategic and tactical policies, and all communist party people should pay attention to it." (Selected Works of Mao Zedong, Volume 1, People’s Publishing House, 1991, p. 326) "In all kinds of contradictions", "The main and non-main aspects of contradictions are transformed with each other, and the nature of things changes accordingly". (ibid., p. 322) There are complicated contradictions in China’s economy, politics, culture, society and ecology. While firmly grasping the contradiction between the people’s growing needs for a better life and the unbalanced development, which is the main contradiction in our society at this stage, we should also face up to and handle other non-main contradictions, that is, secondary contradictions, to prevent some secondary contradictions from interfering with and affecting the solution of major social contradictions under certain conditions.
4. We should always cling to the main social contradictions in our country, and strive to solve the problem of insufficient development imbalance on the basis of continuing to promote development. The contradiction between the people’s growing needs for a better life and the unbalanced development is by no means easy to solve in the short term. Since the principal social contradiction plays the role of leadership and decision, it must run through all aspects of economic and social development and all aspects of the work of the party and the state. We should identify the relevant manifestations of the "five-in-one construction" and insufficient development in different fields of party building. On the basis of fully affirming the achievements, the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China also clearly pointed out: "We must be soberly aware that there are still many shortcomings in our work and we are also facing many difficulties and challenges."
For example, in the economic field: "the quality and efficiency of development are still not high, the innovation ability is not strong enough, and the level of the real economy needs to be improved"; The gap between urban and rural regional development and income distribution is still large. Political field: "The task of comprehensively administering the country according to law is still arduous, and the national governance system and governance capacity need to be strengthened; Some reform arrangements and major policy measures need to be further implemented; National security is facing a new situation. " Cultural field: "The struggle in the ideological field is still complicated." Social field: "The task of getting rid of poverty is arduous"; "The masses face many difficulties in employment, education, medical care, housing and old-age care"; "The level of social civilization needs to be improved"; "Social contradictions and problems are intertwined." Ecological field: "Ecological environmental protection has a long way to go." The field of party building: "There are still many weak links in party building" and so on. These difficulties and challenges are exactly the problems that we need to know and solve urgently in different fields. Only by grasping the different manifestations of major social contradictions in various fields and work in our country at present, and adopting different methods to solve them in a targeted manner, will our great cause of reform and opening up open up a brand-new world and create a brand-new situation.
5. Be firm in confidence and be prepared for danger in times of peace. The spirit of strengthening confidence and being prepared for danger in times of peace runs through the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. The report pointed out: "At present, the situation at home and abroad is undergoing profound and complex changes, and China’s development is still in an important period of strategic opportunities, with bright prospects and severe challenges." It is very important to deeply understand the connotation of the above "two tenths" and their dialectical relationship. The prospect is bright because we have not only made great achievements and rich experience, but also a magnificent blueprint that is very practical. More importantly, because we have the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core and the guidance of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, today we are closer, more confident and capable of realizing the goal of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation than at any time in history.
"The great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is by no means easy and can be achieved by beating gongs and drums." Similarly, solving the major social contradictions can never be easily achieved by beating drums and beating drums. We must not only strengthen our confidence, but also be prepared to deal with many major challenges, major risks, major obstacles and major contradictions, and maintain the style of hard struggle, so we will surely win the great victory of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core.
(Author: Li Shenming, deputy director of the 12th National People’s Congress Internal Affairs Judicial Committee, former vice president of China Academy of Social Sciences)
