Shanxi Provincial Market Supervision Administration

Issuing the "About Regulating Online Community Group Buying"business

Notice of guidance on behavior

Jin City Supervision and Regulation Fa [2023] No. 10

Municipal market supervision bureaus and demonstration zone market supervision bureaus:

The "Guiding Opinions on Regulating the Business Behavior of Online Community Group Buying" has been deliberated and adopted at the 15th Director’s Office Meeting of the Provincial Market Supervision Bureau on June 30, 2023, and is hereby issued to you. Please implement it conscientiously.

Shanxi Provincial Market Supervision Administration

July 14, 2023

(This article is published publicly.)

aboutGuiding Opinions on Regulating the Business Behavior of Online Community Group buying

In order to standardize the business behavior of online community group buying, protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, maintain the order of online transactions with fair competition, and promote the standardized and healthy development of online community group buying, according to relevant laws and regulations, the following opinions are put forward.

I. General requirements

Guided by the Supreme Leader’s Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, conscientiously study and implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, fully implement the spirit of the Supreme Leader’s General Secretary’s important instructions on platform economic governance, conscientiously implement the strategic layout and deployment requirements of the Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Government to build "Digital Shanxi" to achieve "digital transformation", fully grasp the characteristics, laws and development trends of online community group buying, adhere to inclusiveness and prudence, supervision according to law, and coordinated governance, actively explore suitable network community group buying characteristics, and facilitate fair competition in the online market supervision methods, realize the whole chain, all fields, and normalized supervision before and after the event, and promote the healthy and sustainable development of online community group buying norms.

II. Compaction of relevant subject responsibilities

(1) Compacting the responsibility of online community group buying platform operators

1. Fulfill the obligation of market entity registration according to law. Online community group buying platform operators may carry out online community group buying business activities in a self-operated or non-self-operated manner. Platform operators who sell goods or provide services in their own name are self-operated by the platform and shall handle the registration of market entities according to law and bear the civil liability of commodity sales or service providers. Where trading activities need to obtain relevant administrative licenses, they shall obtain administrative licenses according to law before engaging in business activities. Where trading activities require filing, they shall go to the regulatory authority for filing according to law.

Platform operators who carry out online community group buying in a non-self-operated manner shall, in accordance with the Electronic Commerce Law of the People’s Republic of China and other laws, register the platform operators as market entities, and fulfill the responsibilities and obligations of platform operators according to law.

2. Fulfill the obligation of information disclosure according to law. Online community group buying platform operators shall continue to publicize business license information, administrative license information related to their business operations, or link logos of the above information in a prominent position on the homepage.

If online community group buying is carried out in a non-self-operated manner, the actual seller of the product or the actual provider of the service shall be accurately marked to ensure that consumers can view the main information of the actual seller or service provider on each product or service page. If the platform operator fails to indicate or completely indicate the actual seller of the product or the service provider, causing consumers to mistakenly believe that it is the platform operator’s own operation, the platform operator shall bear the corresponding legal responsibility.

Platform operators shall provide technical support for suppliers to fulfill their information disclosure obligations, and urge suppliers to fulfill their information disclosure obligations in accordance with Article 15 of the Electronic Commerce Law of the People’s Republic of China and Article 12 of the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Online Transactions.

3. Carry out promotions and publicity in compliance with the law. Platform operators shall standardize the organization of online community group buying promotions and related publicity, comply with the requirements of the Interim Provisions on Regulating Promotional Behaviors, and publicize the time limit, method, rules and unfavorable restrictions on consumers in a prominent manner on the webpage.

Platform operators should standardize information release behavior, strictly abide by the "People’s Republic of China Electronic Commerce Law", "People’s Republic of China Advertising Law", "Internet Advertising Management Measures" and other provisions to release information, and shall not deceive or mislead consumers with false or misleading information.

Platform operators shall take measures to prevent and stop illegal advertisements in the process of providing Internet information services, and monitor and investigate the advertising content released by cooperative suppliers using their information services. If illegal advertisements are found, they shall take necessary measures such as notifying corrections, deletion, blocking, and disconnection of published links to stop them, and retain relevant links.

4. Strictly fulfill the obligation of review and verification. Operators of online community group buying platforms shall strengthen the review of business qualifications and commodity certification documents of cooperative suppliers, establish and implement a purchase inspection and acceptance system, and verify product qualification certificates and other marks. When conditions permit, encourage on-site inspections of suppliers’ business sites and production environments.

Platform operators shall require suppliers to provide information such as identity certificates, business licenses, administrative licenses, business addresses, and contact information, and conduct verification and registration, establish registration files, and regularly verify and update them.

Platform operators who conduct online community group buying in a non-self-operated manner uniformly collect order information, collect goods, sort and pack and deliver them to the pickup point, platform operators shall conduct necessary inspections of the goods, and at the same time ensure that the containers, tools and equipment for storing, transporting and loading and unloading food are safe, harmless, kept clean, prevent food contamination, and meet special requirements such as temperature and humidity required to ensure food safety. Food shall not be stored or transported together with toxic and harmful substances. Platform operators who know or should know that the goods sold by suppliers do not meet the requirements for protecting personal and property safety, or have other acts that infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, and fail to take necessary measures shall be jointly and severally liable with the cooperative supplier according to law.

Platform operators should strengthen the supervision of food safety and improve the food safety management system. The product traceability system should be improved according to the requirements of different categories.

5. Strictly implement the requirements for the protection of consumer rights and interests. Platform operators shall establish and improve a credit evaluation system, provide consumers with a way to evaluate the quality of goods or services sold on the platform and the platform, and shall not hide or delete consumer evaluations. Where consumer evaluations contain information prohibited by laws, administrative regulations and rules from publishing or transmitting information, the platform may deal with it technically according to law. Encourage and guide online community group buying platforms to make use of their own resources and management advantages, and take the initiative to publicize to the public the number of complaints, complaints mediation, reconciliation success rate and other information related to safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of consumers among operators on the platform.

Platform operators and suppliers shall strictly implement Article 25 of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Consumer Rights and Interests and the Interim Measures for the Return of Goods Purchased Online within Seven Days without Reason, and implement the return of goods within seven days without reason. If consumers request a return within seven days from the receipt of goods, except for goods that cannot be returned without reason according to laws, regulations and rules, the platform and suppliers shall accept the consumer’s return request. Platform operators shall urge and guide suppliers to fulfill the obligation of returning goods without reason within seven days, conduct inspection and supervision, and provide technical support.

Platform operators shall establish a convenient and effective consumer complaint mechanism, disclose information such as complaint methods and complaint channels, accept and handle consumer complaints in a timely manner, and shall not refuse or deliberately delay processing consumers’ reasonable requests without reason.

Encourage and guide platform operators to establish an advance payment system and safeguard measures. When the legitimate rights and interests of consumers are infringed and cannot be compensated, the platform operator shall make advance compensation to the consumer. After the platform operator compensates the consumer, it may recover compensation from the cooperative supplier and the pickup point according to law.

Online community group buying operators (including online community group buying platforms and suppliers) shall fulfill their safety protection obligations to consumers in accordance with the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Consumer Rights and Interests. Platform operators who know or should know that the goods sold or services provided by suppliers do not meet the requirements of personal and property safety, or have other acts that infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, and fail to take necessary measures, shall bear joint and several liability with the supplier according to law.

6. Strictly implement information security responsibilities. Platform operators shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of cyber security, improve the cyber security management system, implement security protection technical measures, and ensure information security. Platform operators shall comply with the relevant requirements of the Personal Information Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China, and shall not force, frequently, or excessively request user permissions to illegally collect or use consumers’ personal information; Lawfully obtained consumers’ personal information and the trade secrets of other operators shall be kept strictly confidential, and shall not be disclosed, and shall not be provided to others without the consent of the collected person, and shall take necessary measures to prevent the leakage or loss of the obtained information; in the event of or possible leakage or loss of information, remedial measures shall be taken immediately.

After the user terminates the use of its services, the platform operator shall stop the collection and use of the user’s personal information, provide the user with the service of canceling the account, and publicize the cancellation method to the user on the online platform.

7. Strictly implement intellectual property protection obligations. Platform operators shall establish intellectual property protection rules and operate them effectively to protect intellectual property rights in accordance with the law. Platform operators who know or should know that suppliers infringe intellectual property rights shall take necessary measures such as deletion, blocking, disconnecting links, and terminating transactions. Failure to take necessary measures shall be jointly and severally liable with the supplier.

8. Fulfill the obligation of information retention and cooperation supervision according to law. Platform operators shall record and preserve the information on goods and services and transactions published on the platform, and ensure the integrity, confidentiality and availability of the information. The retention time of goods and service information and transaction information shall not be less than three years from the date of completion of the transaction; where laws and regulations provide otherwise, follow their provisions.

When conducting investigations, evidence collection, and other work in accordance with the law, the supervision department requires the platform operator to provide the identity information of suppliers, relevant contracts signed, commodity and service information, transaction information, and statistical data published on the platform, it shall provide, assist, and cooperate. It shall not conceal, prevaricate, obstruct, or refuse.

Platform operators who carry out online community group buying in a non-self-operated manner shall actively cooperate when the regulatory authorities implement commodity sampling inspections, and shall not refuse on the grounds that they do not have ownership of the commodities.

(2) Compaction network community group buying supplier responsibility

9. Obtain business qualifications in accordance with the law. Online community group buying suppliers refer to operators who cooperate with platform operators to sell goods on the platform in their own name, and shall fulfill the obligations of operators on the platform in accordance with the "E-commerce Law of the People’s Republic of China". Suppliers shall go through the registration of market entities in accordance with the law, obtain business licenses and business qualifications for related commodities, and engage in business operations within the scope of business projects. Except for the circumstances of "exemption from registration" in Article 10 of the "E-commerce Law of the People’s Republic of China".

Online community group buying suppliers shall actively cooperate with platform operators, take the initiative to fulfill information publicity obligations in accordance with Article 15 of the E-commerce Law of the People’s Republic of China and Article 12 of the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Online Transactions, and ensure that consumers can view business license and administrative license information on each product or service page. If the information announced by the supplier changes, the change shall be reported to the platform in a timely manner within 3 working days, and the platform shall complete the verification and update the publicity within 7 working days.

10. Strictly implement food safety responsibilities. Online community groups buying and selling food to suppliers should strictly abide by the relevant provisions of the Food Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China, fulfill the main responsibility of food safety, and improve the relevant food safety systems.

11. Strictly implement product quality and safety responsibilities. Online community groups buying goods sold by suppliers or providing services shall meet the requirements for ensuring personal and property safety, have the performance that the product should have, meet the execution standards indicated on the product or its packaging, and meet the quality conditions indicated by product descriptions, physical samples, etc. It is not allowed to sell counterfeit and shoddy goods and goods that are prohibited from trading or operating on the Internet by laws and regulations.

12. Strictly implement information disclosure obligations. Online community group buying suppliers shall fully, truthfully, accurately and timely disclose product information, including the content of product labels and labels, to protect consumers’ right to know and choose. Online community group buying suppliers shall issue purchase certificates or service documents in accordance with relevant state regulations or business practices. Applications from consumers for shopping certificates or service documents shall not be rejected or attached to conditions.

(3) Compact the responsibility of online community groups buying offline pickup points

13. Have storage conditions. Online community group buying offline pickup points refer to places that cooperate with community group buying platform operators to provide short-term storage and storage of goods, handle pickup for consumers, and assist the platform in providing after-sales services for users. Natural persons and operators who serve as pickup points shall have storage conditions. Commodities with special requirements for temperature and humidity (such as food, edible agricultural products, etc.) shall be equipped with corresponding facilities and equipment (such as refrigeration and freezing equipment, shelves, etc.) and meet food safety requirements. Encourage online community group buying platform operators to develop operators who have obtained business licenses and food business administrative licenses as pickup points.

Prohibition of online community group buying

14. No improper price behavior shall be implemented. Online community group buying operators shall strictly regulate the online community group buying business behavior, reasonably formulate commodity prices according to market conditions, and shall not implement unfair price behaviors such as low-price dumping, price collusion, price gouging, and price fraud.

15. Monopoly shall not be carried out illegally. First, monopoly shall not be carried out through monopoly agreements. Online community group buying operators with competitive relations shall not reach monopoly agreements to implement fixed prices, divide the market, restrict production (sales) volume, restrict new technologies (products), and boycott transactions. Second, they shall not abuse their dominant market position to exclude or restrict competition. They shall not abuse their dominant market position by predatory pricing without justifiable reasons, refusing to trade, tying sales, restricting operators to engage in "two choices" among competitive platforms, and other acts of abusing their dominant market position to exclude or restrict competition. Third, they shall not illegally implement concentration of business operators to exclude or restrict competition.

16. No unfair competition shall be carried out. Community group buying operators shall operate in accordance with the law and compete fairly, and shall not engage in unfair competition such as commercial confusion, commercial slander, and credit speculation. They shall not use technical means to damage the competition order, hinder the normal operation of other market entities, and endanger the market environment of fair competition.

17. Do not use false or misleading methods to deceive and mislead consumers. Online community group buying operators and pick-up point staff shall not fabricate, delete, conceal, induce, force consumer evaluations, or confuse consumer evaluations of different goods (including services, the same below); shall not use false or misleading prices to deceive or induce consumers to trade with them; shall not use false advertising, promotion methods, samples, instructions, standards, certification qualifications and other information to mislead consumers; shall not use false or misleading methods such as fictitious spot, false reservation, false panic buying, etc.

Investigate and punish illegal acts of online community group buying according to law

18. Investigate and deal with e-commerce violations according to law. In response to issues such as the failure to implement the responsibilities of online community group buying platform operators, in accordance with Articles 76, 80, 81 and 83 of the E-Commerce Law of the People’s Republic of China, platform operators shall be investigated and dealt with for failing to fulfill their obligations of information disclosure and information preservation, failing to take necessary measures for platform operators to infringe on consumer rights and interests, failing to fulfill their obligations of qualification review for platform operators, and failing to fulfill their obligations of security protection for consumers.

19. Investigate and punish violations of the legitimate rights and interests of consumers according to law. In response to the infringement of the legitimate rights and interests of consumers in online community group buying, according to Article 56 of the Consumer Rights Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China, focus on investigating and punishing consumers’ requests for replacement, return, replenishment of goods, refund of payment and service fees or compensation for losses, intentional delay or unreasonable refusal and other illegal acts.

20. Investigate and punish monopoly violations according to law. In response to the illegal implementation of monopoly in online community group buying, according to Articles 56, 57 and 58 of the Antimonopoly Act of the People’s Republic of China, focus on investigating and punishing illegal acts such as reaching monopoly agreements, abusing market dominance, and implementing concentration restrictions and excluding competition.

21. Investigate and punish illegal acts of unfair competition according to law. In response to issues of unfair competition such as fictitious transactions, deception, and misleading consumers in online community group buying, according to Articles 18 and 20 of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law of the People’s Republic of China, focus on investigating and punishing illegal acts such as false or misleading propaganda and confusion.

22. Investigate and deal with advertising violations according to law. According to Article 55 of the Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, focus on investigating and dealing with online community group buying platforms and platform operators publishing false advertisements that deceive and mislead consumers.

23. Investigate and punish food safety violations according to law. In response to food safety issues in online community group buying, according to Article 126 of the Food Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China, focus on investigating and punishing illegal acts such as unqualified sales of food and failure to establish a purchase inspection system.

24. Investigate and deal with product quality violations according to law. In response to issues such as the sale of counterfeit and shoddy products in online community group buying, in accordance with Articles 49, 50, 51, 52, and 54 of the Product Quality Law of the People’s Republic of China, focus on investigating and punishing illegal acts such as adulteration in products, falsification, shoddy, and substandard products as qualified products.

25. Investigate and deal with unfair price practices according to law. For unfair price practices such as low-price dumping, price collusion, price gouging, and price fraud, they shall be investigated and dealt with in accordance with Articles 14 and 40 of the Price Law of the People’s Republic of China and other laws and regulations.

26. Investigate and punish intellectual property violations according to law. For the infringement of intellectual property rights by online community group buying platforms and suppliers, according to the "Electronic Commerce Law of the People’s Republic of China"And relevant laws, regulations and rules on intellectual property protection shall be investigated and dealt with in accordance with the law.

Local market supervision departments should attach great importance to the supervision of online community group buying and other new forms of online transactions, supervise and guide online community group buying platforms to fulfill their main responsibilities in accordance with the law, take the initiative to carry out self-examination and self-correction, and thoroughly rectify relevant problems in a timely manner. It is necessary to strengthen organizational leadership, give full play to comprehensive law enforcement advantages, and coordinate the strength of various business lines to effectively improve the efficiency and level of online community group buying supervision.

This opinion will come into force on August 15, 2023 for a valid period of 5 years.

　　CCTV News:Researchers announced on the 3rd that two serious security vulnerabilities have been found in computer chips, involving a large number of computers and smart phones around the world, which may be the most influential security vulnerability in computer history.

　　A large number of computers and smart devices or "strokes"

Image source network

　　Google announced on the 3rd US time that its team and technicians from many countries have jointly discovered two chip-level security vulnerabilities, through which hackers can illegally read system memory and steal key information such as passwords. One of the vulnerabilities involves almost all CPU chips produced by Intel in recent years, and the other vulnerability affects chips produced by Intel, AMD, a semiconductor company of Chaowei, and ARM Technologies, UK. That is to say, almost all desktop computers, notebook computers and Internet servers using Intel’s CPU, as well as computers, smart phones, tablets and other intelligent devices using chips from Intel, AMD, and ARM Technologies, may be recruited.

　　Major manufacturers have introduced security patches one after another.

　　However, the researchers said that they had discovered these two vulnerabilities in the middle of last year and informed major manufacturers. Over the past six months, various companies have been making security patches to fix these two vulnerabilities. At present, both Microsoft and Apple have prepared security patches for their desktop computer operating systems, and Google also said that smartphones using the latest version of Android operating system are also safe. It is not clear whether Apple’s iphone and ipad tablets are also affected by these two security vulnerabilities.

　　No sign of vulnerability being exploited by hackers has been found yet.

　　The BBC quoted the British network security agency as saying that users don’t have to worry too much. So far, there are no signs that these two vulnerabilities have been obtained and exploited by hackers, so it is only necessary to update the security patches of major manufacturers in time. However, some media also said that security patches may slow down the system, and the degree of slowdown may be between 5% and 30%. Intel denied this statement.

　　　In order to improve the filing system of animal pathogenic microorganism laboratories and further standardize the filing contents and procedures of low-level animal pathogenic microorganism laboratories, our bureau organized and drafted the Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Filing of Low-level Animal Pathogenic Microbiology Laboratories (Draft). On the basis of soliciting opinions from provincial agricultural and rural departments in the early stage, a draft for comments was formed, and now it is open to the public for comments again. Please send your comments back to our bureau in writing or by email before November 11, 2023.

　　Email: xmjwjch@agri.gov.cn　

　　Chuanzhen: 010-59192869　

　　Mailing address: International Cooperation Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, No.11 Nanli, Agricultural Exhibition Hall, Chaoyang District, Beijing (postal code: 100125)　

　　　Attachment: Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Filing of Laboratory of Low-grade Animal Pathogenic Microbes (Draft for Comment)　

　

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　　　　　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 October 10, 2023　

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BEIJING, Beijing, October 31 (Xinhua) In 2023, the fans’ watching activities of Beijing municipal social football activities were successfully held in Beijing Manchester United Dream Theater recently. Through a variety of football activities, fans and friends felt the fun brought by football.

The event was hosted by Beijing Social Sports Management Center and undertaken by Beijing Football Association. The fans’ watching activities are led by the government, with the community as the main body, aiming at integrating the participation of resources in football characteristic venues, integrating football matches, mass entertainment, parent-child interaction and other forms, so that citizens and friends can feel the charm of high-standard football matches.

At the event site, fans and friends experienced a variety of watching content. A series of simulation training facilities seem to bring fans and friends to the green field: "AR Football Experience Equipment" helps football lovers improve their practical skills such as dribbling, passing and shooting through technology; "Table football" has exercised the fans’ overall overall view of the football experience; "Under-table football" improves the ball control ability under the feet in a limited space by playing against two people.

Many fans also invited friends to play indoor 3v3 football matches to simulate team struggle on the pitch. A fan who participated in the event said that through a variety of football series activities, he enjoyed the top football matches with everyone and felt the fun brought by football together.

In 2023, Beijing municipal social football fans watched the game. Photo: Provided by the event organizer

In addition, fans and friends can also watch many European giants’ games on the spot. It is reported that there have been many watching games such as "Manchester United vs Crystal Palace", "Manchester United vs brentford", "Barcelona vs Real Madrid", "Chicago Flame vs Miami International" and "Manchester United vs Manchester City".

According to the organizer, at present, there have been seven football fans’ watching activities at the municipal level in Beijing. The purpose of the football fans’ watching activities is to provide professional services, and through the combination of various experience facilities and watching games, a good watching environment is created for the fans, so that citizens and friends can feel the charm of high-standard football matches, thus promoting the healthy development of football. (End)

A few days ago, a patient reported that the Second People’s Hospital of Wuhu City, Anhui Province (hereinafter referred to as "Wuhu Second Hospital") overcharged medical expenses, which aroused strong concern in the industry about "excessive diagnosis and treatment".

On December 2nd, Anhui Medical Insurance Bureau informed the Second Hospital of Wuhu about the illegal use of medical insurance funds, and on the 4th, official website of Hunan Medical Insurance Bureau issued the "Administrative Punishment of Xiangya Hospital of Central South University", which fined the hospital about 980,000 yuan for illegal use of medical insurance funds.

CBN found that in recent years, the Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of the Use of Medical Insurance Funds (hereinafter referred to as the Administrative Regulations) and the Interim Measures for the Supervision and Administration of the Use of Medical Insurance Funds (hereinafter referred to as the Interim Measures) and other laws and regulations have been promulgated one after another, providing policy and legal basis for the supervision of medical insurance funds; As a complement to the Interim Measures, the Measures for Reporting Incentives for Illegal Use of Medical Insurance Funds (hereinafter referred to as the "Incentive Measures") was also released in November 2022. This document is to mobilize social forces to participate in fund supervision and safeguard the safety of medical insurance funds.

The National Medical Insurance Bureau has repeatedly stressed that the medical insurance fund will never become "Tang monk meat". According to official data, since 2019, the National Medical Insurance Bureau has sent a total of 184 flight inspection teams to inspect 384 designated medical institutions, and found that 4.35 billion yuan of related funds were used illegally. Since the implementation of the "Incentive Measures" in January this year, medical insurance departments at all levels across the country have verified and recovered the amount of medical insurance violations of 158 million yuan according to the clues reported by the masses.

An expert on medical insurance policy told CBN that with the increasing efforts to crack down on fraudulent medical insurance in China, blatant fraudulent medical insurance behaviors such as "fake patients", "fake services", "fake medical products" and "fake medical insurance expenses" have been effectively curbed, but some fraudulent medical insurance behaviors have also shifted from the front to the back, and gradually changed to behaviors such as excessive medical treatment and excessive fees. How to determine the boundary of excessive medical treatment and how to adopt scientific and accurate comprehensive management methods are the key points in the next stage.

The boundary of "excessive diagnosis and treatment"

According to the notification of Anhui Medical Insurance Bureau, Wuhu Medical Insurance Bureau has fully recovered the medical insurance fund illegally used by Wuhu Second Hospital according to the medical insurance service agreement signed by the hospital, and deducted the liquidated damages at 30%, interviewed the relevant person in charge of the hospital, and handed it over to the public security and health care departments for further verification. At the same time, the bureau has started the administrative punishment procedure in accordance with the Management Regulations.

"Medical insurance service agreements are handled in different ways, but most medical institutions deduct liquidated damages at a rate of 30%." A person in charge of the medical reform department of a health and wellness commission in the southern region told the reporter that in addition to the treatment method according to the medical insurance service agreement, in the administrative punishment procedure, the above-mentioned "Management Regulations" stipulates that illegal acts that cause losses to the medical insurance fund shall be ordered to return, and a fine of more than 1 time and less than 2 times shall be imposed.

Zhao Dahai, a professor at the School of International and Public Affairs of Shanghai Jiaotong University, told the First Financial Reporter that whether it is for medical institutions or medical staff, the end of over-diagnosis and treatment must bring economic returns to themselves and institutions (institutions also involve scale expansion), but in the final analysis, the supervision of medical insurance funds needs a set of strict, scientific and legally effective standards to judge and identify.

"For public hospitals, we can constantly correct their use of medical insurance funds by strengthening supervision, but private hospitals and pharmacies have certain commercial attributes, so we still need to rely on effective supervision methods when avoiding the risk of fraudulent insurance." Zhao Dahai said that in the next stage, health care and medical insurance departments can jointly promote the standardization and implementation of clinical diagnosis and treatment paths.

To this end, the person in charge of the medical insurance service department of a top-three hospital in Beijing said that at any time, medical institutions should never make profits by prescribing drugs and consumables without collecting the information of the insured. This is malicious fraud and insurance fraud, and it is also the bottom line problem. However, at this stage, it is not uncommon for medical institutions to occupy too much medical insurance funds by improving the accessibility of drugs and consumables.

"But whether this belongs to’ excessive diagnosis and treatment’ needs to be viewed objectively." The person in charge said that on the one hand, some innovative drugs are expensive but have great benefits to diseases, and doctors prescribe them for patients out of kindness. However, due to the annual update of the medical insurance catalogue, whether the innovative drugs are still within the scope of the medical insurance catalogue, whether the medical insurance limited payment ratio has been adjusted, and whether the patient’s area is applicable need further careful confirmation. On the other hand, the scope of medical insurance fund’s limited payment needs to refer to a number of matters, including the indications in the drug instructions and the reimbursement ratio of the insured’s location. "It is almost impossible for doctors to record all the contents and ensure that there are no mistakes. Therefore, it is imperative to introduce an information-assisted platform and do a good job in training."

Is there a solution to the problem that medical institutions illegally use medical insurance funds caused by "excessive diagnosis and treatment"?

Cai Haiqing, former director of the Treatment Protection Department of Jiangxi Provincial Medical Insurance Bureau, said that, first of all, it is necessary to solve the problem of how to identify "excessive diagnosis and treatment"; Secondly, with the comprehensive implementation of the reform of DRGs (Payment by Disease Diagnosis Group) and DIG (Payment by Disease Score), the problem of medical insurance payment currently facing the clinic is to solve the problem of "over-diagnosis and treatment" and to prevent possible insufficient diagnosis and treatment. "Insufficient diagnosis and treatment includes low-standard discharge, reducing necessary medical services and inspection items, and reducing the use of drugs and consumables. This situation is to reduce the cost of medical services and improve the yield."

As a matter of fact, the First Financial Reporter learned in the industry that it is difficult to identify, identify and dispose of over-medical treatment. In June this year, "Research on the Identification of Over-medical Treatment Behavior and the Regulation Rules of Medical Insurance" released the first "over-medical treatment index system". The theoretical basis of this system includes sampling data, written materials and written materials of fund supervision discussions of 121 designated medical insurance institutions in Shanghai. It involves 5 first-level indicators, 30 second-level indicators and 67 third-level indicators.

"Although the system is developed in the form of research, it is still some time before it is fully implemented, but at least it has broken the definition of the boundary of overtreatment." Cai Haiqing said.

Regulatory challenges

Since the beginning of this year, official website, the National Medical Insurance Bureau, has published 40 typical cases of fraudulent insurance in four phases. The illegal use of medical insurance funds includes: changing medical treatment items, falsely recording infusion drugs, treatment and inspection fees, forging materials, uploading false medication data, etc. Most of these cases were discovered by local medical insurance departments through active forms such as medical data verification in different places, big data screening and analysis, and on-site supervision and inspection.

On the basis of the previous vigorous rectification work, what are the challenges in the supervision of medical insurance funds and how to establish a long-term supervision mechanism?

To this end, Yu Changyong, an associate professor at the School of Public Administration of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, told reporters that under the new situation, the new challenges of China’s medical insurance fund supervision can be interpreted from four aspects. First of all, after years of flight inspection and special work to combat fraud and insurance fraud, some "blatant" fraud and insurance fraud in the past have been effectively curbed, and the means of fraud and insurance fraud will be more subtle and the way of fraud will be more complicated.

Secondly, the overall level of medical insurance in various regions has been gradually improved, and the area where patients seek medical treatment has become larger, which will also significantly expand the scope of supervision of medical insurance funds and increase the difficulty of supervision. Thirdly, the reform of outpatient co-ordination makes the medical insurance department not only supervise the hospitalization behavior, but also supervise the outpatient behavior and the drug purchase behavior of pharmacies, and the objects and contents of supervision will show explosive growth.

In addition, the state attaches great importance to the development of Chinese medicine, and Chinese medicine services will be further included in the scope of medical insurance fund payment. However, Chinese medicine services are often treated by people and diseases, and its legal compliance or more difficult to judge, making it more difficult to supervise medical insurance funds.

To this end, Yu Changyong suggested that for some hidden and complicated illegal use of medical insurance funds, the medical insurance administrative department needs to be accurate and qualitative, and administer according to law; On the other hand, it is necessary to increase administrative punishment and even criminal punishment. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of intelligent monitoring and big data screening mechanisms, and establish a credit supervision system as soon as possible.

For the establishment of a long-term mechanism, a medical insurance fund supervisor said that in fact, in the past, the punishment for illegal use of medical insurance funds was mostly in medical institutions, and the punishment for individuals was not enough; At the same time, due to the low cost of violating laws and regulations, in most cases, it is ultimately handled in accordance with the medical insurance service agreement, and administrative punishment, transfer to justice or discipline inspection are rare.

"On the one hand, it is recommended that the medical insurance department unify the standards for law enforcement and incorporate illegal acts of medical institutions into credit management; On the other hand, medical institutions should establish the accountability system, reward and punishment system for the main leaders of the party and government and department heads, and improve the business training in the field of medical insurance payment. In addition, it is necessary to improve the comprehensive supervision mechanism that pays equal attention to incentives and constraints. Medical institutions that self-examine and self-correct and voluntarily return funds can reduce or not be punished. However, for those medical institutions and individuals who repeatedly check recidivism and do not change, they must be dealt with severely. " The source said.

Manchester City announced their home jerseys for the upcoming 2023-24 season.
Manchester City said on the club’s website on the 19th (Korea time), "Manchester City players are wearing home uniforms produced by Puma for the 2023-24 season. Manuel Akanji, Kevin De Bruyne, Jack Goreli, Erin Holland and Edersen are wearing them, "he said formally.
This set of jerseys is designed to commemorate the transfer to Etihad Stadium. Since 1923, Manchester City has used Main Road as its home for 80 years. But with the passage of time, problems such as aging appeared. In 2003, they moved to Etihad Stadium as their new home.
Manchester City said: "This move marks the beginning of a new era for the club, which is defined by new records, new legends and great moments." I was inspired by the giant turret. Even the details are hidden. On the back of the neckline of the jersey is written the postal code of Etihad Stadium, M11 3FF, with pictures of Etihad Stadium painted on it. It also has a white V-neck, inspired by the 2003-04 home jersey.
An atmosphere completely different from this season’s uniforms. The home jersey of Manchester City in 2022-23 season is set in sky blue, and the Manchester City team emblem is embedded in the center of the chest. The logo of the uniform manufacturer Puma is located below it, and you can see the letter of the sponsor Etihad below it.
However, in this home jersey, the club badge is located on the left chest and the Puma logo is located on the right chest. In addition, you can also see the horizontal stripes in the middle on the sky blue background.
Meanwhile, Manchester City are challenging the club’s first treble this season. If you win the upcoming Chelsea game alone in the Premier League (EPL), you will be able to confirm your third consecutive league title. In addition, in UEFA Champions League (UCL), we beat Real Madrid to enter the final and compete with Inter Milan for the New Year. In the FA Cup in England, they faced their arch-rival Manchester United.

Recently, Yan Ning, a famous structural biologist, announced that he would resign from Princeton University and set up the Academy of Medical Sciences in Shenzhen. In response to the latest research that she will focus on when she returns to China, she said that the discovery of structural biology is of great significance to the pharmaceutical industry, including the research on the interaction between drugs and hormones, which has more implications for drug development and disease treatment.

Yan Ning said, for example, that through the method of structural biology, scientists saw for the first time that two commonly used drugs used protein as a "scaffold", which directly "side by side" affected the normal function of protein.

Technological change promotes the development of structural biology.

Protein, as the scaffold and main substance of human tissues and organs, plays an important role in human life activities. In the cell, a large number of protein elements form the molecular machines, which performs important molecular processes in the cell through the interaction of protein, including the cell’s response to the external environment and the internal environment, and also forms a signal transduction network system with the interaction of protein as a link.

Structure By studying the three-dimensional structure, dynamic process and biological function of biological macromolecules, biology can provide more details of protein interaction and real-time dynamic process, thus helping scientists to understand molecular mechanism and explore the pathogenesis of diseases related to macromolecular dysfunction.

The development of biology not only contributes to the discovery of drugs, but also affects the research fields of life sciences including biochemistry, cell biology, genetic development, neurobiology, microbiology and pathopharmacology.

The development of science and technology has been promoting the progress of structural biology. In 2017, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to cryoelectron microscopy, which can greatly improve the efficiency of analyzing the atomic resolution three-dimensional structure of large protein complexes; Moreover, researchers can freeze biomolecules in motion and visualize their motion process.

This breakthrough has brought a perfect storm to the field of structural biology. In recent years, important breakthroughs have been made in the field of life sciences. The work of China scientists such as Cheng Yifan, Shi Yigong, Yang Maojun and Liu Zhengfeng has also benefited from this technology. They have analyzed the important complex structure of atomic resolution. In addition, the enzyme that produces the protein that leads to Alzheimer’s syndrome was analyzed by cryomicroscope.

In August, 2015, Shi Yigong’s research team published an article in Nature, reporting the three-dimensional electron microscope structure of human γ -secretase with a resolution of 3.4 angstrom, and studying the function of the pathogenic mutant of γ -secretase based on the structure analysis, which provided an important foundation for understanding the working mechanism of γ -secretase and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease.

In February, 2020, after the outbreak of COVID-19, the research team of West Lake University successfully analyzed the full-length structure of novel coronavirus receptor ACE2 for the first time by using cryo-electron microscopy, which helped the research and development of drugs in COVID-19.

What does AI predict protein folding change?

With the help of artificial intelligence technology, DeepMind, a subsidiary of Google, recently announced 220 million kinds of protein structures predicted by AlphaFold software, which shocked the field of structural biology, because it indicates that artificial intelligence enterprises have begun to "truly hand over the power of Al to scientists all over the world".

Scientists compare the significance of this disruptive breakthrough with the human genome project. In the 1990s, when the Human Genome Project began to take shape, scientists realized that it was not enough to master the base arrangement of genes, but also to know the protein, the product of genes.

Shi Yigong, academician of China Academy of Sciences, structural biologist and president of West Lake University, commented on AlphaFold’s work: "Its accurate prediction of protein structure is the greatest contribution of artificial intelligence to the scientific field, and it is also one of the most important scientific breakthroughs made by mankind in the 21st century."

Shi Yigong once told China Business News: "AlphaFold represents the world’s leading artificial intelligence protein organization prediction system." At the same time, he said, China’s high-tech enterprises are catching up, expecting to bring surprises to the world in the near future.

He also said that the improvement of the accuracy of protein structure prediction will greatly benefit the pharmaceutical industry. "Artificial intelligence prediction of protein structure provides an important foundation for drug design and optimization. The structure of drug target proteins combined with all small molecule drugs can almost be wiped out by AlphaFold. " Shi Yigong said.

In the opinion of some scientists, although AlphaFold’s work is shocking, the accuracy of drug research and development prediction is not enough. Professor Liu Zhijie, executive director of iHuman Institute, Shanghai University of Science and Technology, told the First Financial Reporter: "It has been a long time to predict the protein structure. Now the accuracy of the prediction is definitely getting higher and higher, but it still hasn’t reached the precision of crystal structure."

Liu Zhijie First Financial News told the reporter that the crystal structure is the most accurate, and now artificial intelligence can predict the protein folding with the accuracy of electron microscope and nuclear magnetic resonance. In addition, because there are thousands of structures in protein, the difficulty of analysis is different. "If some protein sequences are similar to the known structure of artificial intelligence, it is easier to predict." Liu Zhijie said.

However, he still believes that with the continuous improvement of the prediction accuracy of protein folding, it will play a more important role in the field of life sciences in the future. "If the current prediction can reach the accuracy of electron microscope, some drugs can already be designed. Drug design is the biggest application field of artificial intelligence protein folding prediction." Said to Liu Zhijie First Financial Reporter.

Others think that with the development of artificial intelligence, there may not be so many structural biologists in the future. "Many researchers who do structural biology are actually more like technical service personnel. The more people there are, the more structures that can be analyzed. Therefore, in essence, a large part of their work depends on manpower. Now with AI, it is true that a large number of people who do structural biology have changed careers." A virus researcher told the First Financial News reporter.

However, for top structural biologists such as Shi Yigong, technology is only a powerful support for the "top brain", which can help them realize more ideas. "Every conscientious biologist should know how to make good use of the structural prediction of artificial intelligence." Shi Yigong said.

Professor Michael Levitt, winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2013, told China Business News: "I think many structural biologists are not only doing structural research, but also doing a lot of work on protein function and drug research and development, just like Professor Yan Ning. Artificial intelligence only liberates a part of traditional manpower, but the progress of science still needs to rely on the smartest human brain. I’m afraid that artificial intelligence alone will not work. "

In recent years, a number of AI pharmaceutical companies have also been born in China. In this regard, Ewing Nan, academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences and president of Beijing Institute of Scientific Intelligence, pointed out to the First Financial Reporter: "The emergence of AI for Science research paradigm is an important historical opportunity for scientific and technological innovation, which not only expands the capability boundary of data-driven and physical model-driven models, but also is expected to promote the organic combination of the two, provide theoretical basis for further solving practical problems, and greatly narrow the distance between scientific research and practical application."